中国多孔菌二新记录种(英文)

在对黑龙江省东部和南部地区木腐菌调查中,发现两种多孔菌:红斑波氏菌(Postia lateritiaRenvall)和烟曲色干酪菌(Tyromyces fumidicepsG.F.Atk),均为中国新记录种。前者发现于宁安市地下森林公园内的松树倒木上,后者采集自虎林市七虎林林场内的阔叶树上。根据采集的材料对其进行了详细描述和显微结构绘图,并对相似种进行了讨论。     

10种针阔叶树上常见的一年生多孔菌的培养特性*

描述了10种针阔叶树上常见的一年生多孔菌的培养特性。它们是白薄孔菌Antrodiaalbida,粗糙拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsisconfragosa,灵芝Ganodermalucidum,香粘褶菌Gloeophyllumodoratum,彩孔菌Hapalopilusnidulans,褶囊孔菌Hirschioporuslaricinus,裂褶菌Schizophyllumcommune,毛盖绵皮孔菌Spongipellislitschaueri,薄皮干酪菌Tyromyceschioneus和蹄形干酪菌Tyromyceslacteus。     

10种针阔叶树上常见的一年生多孔菌的培养特性

描述了10种针阔叶树上常见的一年生多孔菌的培养特性。它们是白薄孔菌Antrodia albida,粗糙拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis confragosa,灵芝Ganoderma lucidum,香粘褶菌Gloeophyllum odoratum,彩孔菌Hapalopilus nidulans,褶囊孔菌Hirschioporus laricinus,裂褶菌Schizophyllum commune,毛盖绵皮孔菌Spongipellis litschaueri,薄皮干酪菌Tyromyces chioneus和蹄形干酪菌Tyromyces lacteus。     

10种针阔叶树上常见的木材腐朽菌的培养特性

描述了10种针阔叶树上常见的多孔菌的培养特性,它们是环纹革盖菌,蔷红拟层孔菌、盘拟层孔菌,斑褐孔菌,全缘孔菌,小刺猴头,黄白卧孔菌,烟色刺耳,变红栓菌和红斑干酪菌。     

大孢毛杯菌在中国的报道

大孢毛杯菌Ｋｕｎｔｚｅ,属于肉杯菌科Ｓａｒｃｏｓｃｙｐｈａｃｅａｅ。采于四川重庆北碚。与云南产的印度毛杯菌,均属于热带和热温带成分的子囊菌,本文对二者作了形态学的比较,并讨论了华莱士线的分布关系。     

10种针阔叶树上常见的木材腐朽菌的培养特性*

描述了10种针阔叶树上常见的多孔菌的培养特性。它们是环纹革盖菌、蔷红拟层孔菌、盘拟层孔菌、斑褐孔菌、全缘孔菌、小刺猴头、黄白卧孔菌、烟色刺耳、变红栓菌和红斑干酪菌。     

从白腐菌中筛选漆酶高产菌株的初步研究

从中国分离的149株木腐菌中,有30株具有漆酶活性,在添加了阿魏酸的液体培养基中,漆酶产量高（每升培养液中漆酶含量在10000单位以上）的菌株有9个,游离细胞培养的彩绒革盖菌Coriolus versicolor G30,相邻小孔菌Microporus affinis G07,血红密孔菌Pycnoporus sanguineus W006,W006-2,W3008,G05和香菇Lentinus edodes G18,以及固定细胞培养的鲑贝革盖菌Coriolus consors 98563和干酪菌Tyromyces sp.98420。彩绒革盖菌,相邻小孔菌和血红密孔菌具有重要的生物工程研究价值。     

中国多孔菌属一新记录种(英文)

假桦多孔菌(Polyporus pseudobetulinus)采于吉林省长白山自然保护区,为中国多孔菌属一新记录种。文中根据所采集的材料对其进行了详细描述和绘图,并对相似种进行了讨论。     

湖北省后河自然保护区的多孔菌(英文)

通过对湖北省后河自然保护区多孔菌调查采样,鉴定出隶属于31个属的62种多孔菌,并列出名录。全部种类均为该保护区首次报道。其中,苹果薄孔菌、白黄小薄孔菌、紧密蜡孔菌、干环褶孔菌、长囊锐孔菌、淡黄针层孔菌、淡黄裂孔菌、白干皮孔菌和薄皮干酪菌是该地区的常见种类。后河自然保护区多孔菌主要是世界广布种和温带种类,少数亚热带种类如亚拉巴马全缘孔菌、纸全缘孔菌和拟浅孔大孔菌等也有出现。     

丽江古城建筑物梁柱腐朽真菌鉴定

通过形态观察和分子生物学技术,对采集自丽江古城的建筑物梁柱上的木腐菌进行鉴定。结果显示,引起丽江建筑物梁柱褐色腐朽的真菌为绵腐卧孔菌(Postia placenta)。同时提出相应的防治建议,以期尽可能地降低丽江古城建筑物的安全隐患。     

大兴安岭林区火烧迹地木腐菌主要类群的初步研究

对大兴安岭林区火烧迹地的17种主要木腐菌进行了报道,并就它们的生态习性和生态功能进行探讨．通过对火烧林分和非过火林分主要木腐菌类群变化的研究,确定在火烧迹地森林生态系统演替过程中的先锋菌物主要有8种,常见菌4种,以及在寒温带针叶林生态系统中的珍稀和濒危的木腐菌3种,并探讨了珍稀或濒危菌物的保护对策．     

Morphological and molecular evidence for natural hybridization in sympatric population of Roscoea humeana and R. cautleoides (Zingiberaceae)

The sympatric occurrence of some species in Roscoea is very common, but little information is available on natural hybridization. However, some intermediate individuals were found on the sympatric population of Roscoea humeana and R. cautleoides at Ganhaizi population in northwestern Yunnan Province, China. We suspected that these intermediate individuals were the hybrids of R. humeana and R. cautleoides from the previous evidence, but could not confirm them. In this study, morphometric analysis was followed by examination of HAT-RAPD polymorphisms to determine the occurrence of natural hybridization between sympatric R. humeana and R. cautleoides. The results showed that most morphological characters of the putative hybrids were found to be intermediate between those of R. humeana and R. cautleoides. Meanwhile, molecular analysis confirmed that the morphological intermediates were derived from hybridization between the two species. From the analysis of the NewHybrids, the hybridization individuals were mainly F(1)s. These results indicated that interspecific hybridization between R. humeana and R. cautleoides indeed occurred in sympatric population.     

大兴安岭林区多孔菌的区系组成与种群结构

本文在过去10 a野外调查和室内鉴定及分析研究的基础上,对大兴安岭林区多孔菌的区系组成和种群结构进行了分析,发现大兴安岭林区的多孔菌具有较高的多样性,共有5目11科56属129种,占中国多孔菌区系的21.36%,优势科是多孔菌科。种的区系地理成分分为7类,以北温带成分和世界广布成分为主,具有明显的北温带成分的区系特征。大兴安岭的多孔菌常见种较多,种群结构中共生菌3种,寄生菌27种,腐生菌占大多数,有99种。在能够引起木材腐朽的126种真菌中,白腐菌93种,占多数,褐腐菌33种,占少数,但该地区褐腐菌所占比例明显高于全国范围内褐腐菌在多孔菌中的比例。通过对大兴安岭主要树种上的种群结构进行比较,表明阔叶树上的木材腐朽菌绝大部分是白色腐朽菌,而针叶树上的白腐菌与褐腐菌数量相差不大,褐腐菌对于针叶林特别是落叶松的更新具有非常重要的作用。     

Polypore diversity in China with an annotated checklist of Chinese polypores

This report is a comprehensive review of polypore investigations in China up to 2011. Nearly 12,000 polypore specimens have been collected from almost all forest types in China during the past 20 years. After examination of these and other herbarium specimens, 704 polypore species belonging to 132 genera in ten orders were identified, and the majority of them found to belong in the orders Polyporales (accounting for 65% of the total Chinese polypores) and Hymenochaetales (25%). According to the author’s investigations, 148 species are boreal, 390 are temperate, 395 are subtropical, and 220 are tropical in distribution. The majority of the Chinese polypores are white rot fungi, whereas 98 species (14%) cause a brown rot; 520 species (74%) were found on angiosperm wood, of which 434 species (62%) grew exclusively on angiosperm wood; 459 species (65%) were found on fallen trunks, which seem to be the most frequent substrate for polypores. Based on field investigations and collections, 223, 267, and 214 species are considered as common, occasional, and rare, respectively, and they subsequently account for 32%, 38%, and 30% of the total Chinese polypores. The host, substratum, distribution, and occurrence of each species are listed.     

中国主要天然落叶松林的多孔菌多样性

落叶松是我国北方重要的针叶树种,天然落叶松倒木上生长有种类繁多的多孔菌,它们能够分解倒木中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,促进森林生态系统的物质循环,同时维持生态系统中的碳平衡,在森林生态系统中发挥重要的生态功能.本文针对我国5种主要落叶松树种上的多孔菌种类,综合分析了该类群的物种组成和分布特征,并对不同树种上的多孔菌种群进行对比分析.结果表明： 落叶松上共有多孔菌107种,分属11科43属,其中褐腐真菌种类49种,占到总数的45.4%,是中国已报道褐腐真菌种类的50%.91.7%的多孔菌生长在刚开始腐烂的倒木上.兴安落叶松上的多孔菌不论是种类还是数量均比其他4种落叶松多.兴安落叶松和长白落叶松以及新疆落叶松和西藏落叶松上的多孔菌种群相似度高,这与其林分的天然分布相一致.     

中国濒危的多孔菌

1992-2009年在全国范围内对中国多孔菌进行了系统调查,基于对多孔菌生境是否受到威胁,初步将48种中国多孔菌列为濒危种,占中国多孔菌总数的8%;分布于20个省和自治区,其中绝大部分生长于原始森林中,主要在倒木和腐朽木上;它们几乎不能在人为干扰的林分内生存;38种为木材白色腐朽菌,9种为褐色腐朽菌,1种为树木菌根菌。对每种的基本形态学、生长基质和生态习性进行了简要论述。     

蓝莓腐霉根腐病的病原菌

在山东青岛新发现一种蓝莓根腐病害,症状最初出现在根部,病根腐烂坏死,根状茎维管束和皮层变黑,导致根数量减少,叶片变黄、变红,植株生长不良,严重时叶片全部脱落,植株死亡。通过组织分离法和菌丝段分离法获得纯化菌株HMQAU 180018,经柯赫氏法则验证,综合形态学特征及ITS区和cox I基因序列分析,菌株HMQAU 180018被鉴定为畸雌腐霉Pythium irregulare。这是国内首次描述畸雌腐霉引起蓝莓根腐病的报道。     

中国一新记录属——管菌属

报道了中国担子菌一新记录属Rectipilus,并对一新记录种R. fasciculatus进行了描述。