食饵种群具有收获（存放）率的第II类功能性反应模型的定性分析

本文研究了非密度制约的捕食与捕食系统中被捕食者（食饵）种群具有常数收获（存放）率的第Ⅱ类功能性反应模型的定性性质：当该系统具有存放率时,证明了该系统在一定的条件下极限环的存在性、不存在性及唯一性;当该系统具有收获率时,证明了该系统若存在正平衡点,则它是全局不稳定性。     

一类非自治捕食-被捕食系统的全局渐近稳定性

本文研究了一类非自治捕食-被捕食的周期系统．当周期为ω＞0时,在某些条件下证明了该系统正周期解的存在唯一性和全局渐近稳定性．     

一类捕食者具有阶段结构的捕食系统的全局稳定性分析

本文建立了一类捕食者具有阶段结构的捕食系统,计算得到了不存在食饵种群时捕食者种群模型和食饵种群存在时捕食系统的平衡点,并证明了平衡点的存在性.分析和比较了两个模型平衡点的全局稳定性,最终确定了决定模型全局稳定性的捕食者种群基本再生数、食饵灭绝与否的捕食率阈值以及捕食存在时食饵种群的净增长率.     

捕食──被捕食系统中的周期现象

本文给出了捕食被捕食系统中增殖率非单调的场合以及捕食具有饱和的场合,系统周期解的存在性;另一方面,当增殖率单调或捕食量仅与个体数成比例这样简单型的相互作用,或相互作用具有时滞效应时,给出了周期解的存在性．     

两种群都具有常数收获率(或存放率)的Volterra系统的极限环的存在性与唯一性问题

本文研究了两种群都具有常数收获率（或存放率）的Volterra系统的极限环的存在性与唯一性问题，并且得出了该系统至多存在一个极限环的结论和相应的一些结果.     

关于具时滞的捕食-被捕食系统的稳定性与Hopf分支

研究了一类具时滞的捕食—被捕食系统正平衡解的稳定性和Hopf分支的存在性,即以转化率l为参数,得到存在一列l_k(k=0,1,2…),使当l∈(0,l_0)时正平衡解是渐近稳定的;当l>l_0时,正平衡解是不稳定的,而每一个l_k都是该系统的Hopf分支值,改进了一些已知的工作。     

具有脉冲和密度制约的捕食与被捕食系统的定性分析

对具有脉冲控制策略和捕食者具有密度制约的捕食与被捕食系统进行了定性分析.利用脉冲微分方程中的Floquet理论和比较方法证明了当脉冲周期小于某临界值时,系统的害虫根除周期解是全局渐近稳定的,进一步给出了系统持久性的条件.     

有扩散的捕食与被捕食动力系统

本文证明带有扩散的捕食与被捕食Ｌｏｔｋａ－Ｌｏｌｔｅｒｒａ模型的如下性质：该模型的一切正解是持续生存的;当扩散率较小时该系统的正平平衡点是稳定的;当扩散率增大且位于某一区间内变化时该系统的正平衡点是不稳定的,而且分支出唯一的小振幅空间周期解;当扩散率继续增大时该系统的正平衡点又变为稳定的。     

一个食饵种群具有常数收获率和具有第Ⅲ类功能性反应的捕-食系统的定性分析

本文对一个食饵种群具有常数收获率的和具有第Ⅲ类功能性反应的捕食系统作了较完整的定性分析,讨论了分界线的相对位置和分界线环的存在性、稳定性,得到了极限环存在性和唯一性的条件．     

一类被开发的HollingⅢ类功能反应模型的定性分析

本文研究了一类捕食种群、食饵种群同时具有收获率的HollingⅢ类功能反应生态系统,其中食饵种群具有非线性密度制约,捕食者无密度制约.应用微分方程定性理论讨论了系统的平衡点,分析了中心焦点的阶数以及稳定性,所给定参数满足一定条件时系统不存在极限环,最后根据细焦点的稳定性判断出极限环的存在性,并验证了极限环的惟一性.     

Acceleration of ventricular rate by amiodarone in atrial fibrillation associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Amiodarone has proved to be a valuable drug in atrial fibrillation associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. When it was administered to a patient with this syndrome in atrial fibrillation, who had previously suffered an inferior myocardial infarction, the ventricular rate accelerated from 170 to 230 beats/minute.This unusual case emphasises the need for full electrophysiological assessment of patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome for whom amiodarone treatment is being considered.     

Unattended monitoring of potentially toxic phytoplankton species in the Baltic Sea in 1993

Variabilities in chlorophyll a fluorescence, temperature andsalinity in the surface were recorded unattended on board twomerchant ships in the Baltic Sea. When these recordings werecomplemented by automated water sampling, it was possible toanalyze the phytoplankton species composition in 426 samples.In total, 22 potentially toxic phytoplankton species or generawere detected. Nodularia spumigena was the only species thatformed extensive blooms The system has proved to be an effectiveearly warning method for exceptional and eventually harmfulalgal blooms. The possibilities for using this method as analternative, or a complement, to conventional methods in marinephytoplankton monitoring are discussed.     

Kinetics of renin reaction in rat plasma (author's transl)]

Important kinetic aspects of renin reaction were studied in order to evaluate the parameters that regulate the formation rate of angiotensin I. This rate decreased throughout the incubation period of normal rat plasma and it showed a linear increase when plasma was incubated with renin-substrate. When renin was added to normal rat plasma a plateau in the angiotensin I formation rate occurred after 4-6 hours. When plasma samples containing increasing amounts of renin-substrate were incubated, the velocity of their reaction increased in proportion to the renin-substrate concentration. Under these incubation conditions, the reaction between endogenous renin and renin-substrate in normal rat plasma, proved to be a first kinetic order with respect to the substrate.     

Stability and Bifurcations in an Epidemic Model with Varying Immunity Period

An epidemic model with distributed time delay is derived to describe the dynamics of infectious diseases with varying immunity. It is shown that solutions are always positive, and the model has at most two steady states: disease-free and endemic. It is proved that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable. When an endemic equilibrium exists, it is possible to analytically prove its local and global stability using Lyapunov functionals. Bifurcation analysis is performed using DDE-BIFTOOL and traceDDE to investigate different dynamical regimes in the model using numerical continuation for different values of system parameters and different integral kernels.     

Conflict between the need to forage and the need to avoid competition: persistence of two-species model

We consider a model in which the need to forage and the need to avoid a competitor are in conflict. The model is composed of two Lotka-Volterra patches. The system has two competitors; one can diffuse between two patches, but the other is confined to one of the patches and cannot diffuse. It is proved that the system can be made persistent under appropriate diffusion conditions that ensure the instability of boundary equilibria, even if the competitive patch is not persistent without diffusion. Further it is shown that the system is globally stable for any diffusion rate if the competition between the two species is weak.     

A generalized model of a resource-population system

Summary A system of nonlinear differential equations describing a resource-population system is analyzed in terms of the existence and characteristics of its equilibrium states.It is proved that, under the condition that k< (necessary condition for the population being able to grow under optimal conditions), it is a necessary and sufficient condition for the system to have a steady state that the resource input rate to the system be constant.When the resource input rate is a constant different from zero, the system has only one equilibrium point, at M ⁰=/⁰/k, A ⁰=–(/⁰/k)ln(1–k/), and this equilibrium point is always stable. In other words, the system population-resource will always reach the steady state, either monotonically (node) or by damped oscillations (focus), from any arbitrary initial condition in the positive quadrant.When the resource input rate is equal to zero, the system has an infinite number of equilibrium points at M ₀=0, A ₀=constant. All these equilibrium points are unstable in the sense that any slight increase in M will move the system away from the equilibrium states, except for the point M ₀=0, A ₀=0, which is the only stable equilibrium point, to which the system will tend. This stable equilibrium point corresponds to the condition of complete annihilation of both resource and population.Finally, it is proved that the system does not have limit cycles in the positive quadrant and is therefore incapable of self-oscillations.This work was partially supported by a Ford Foundation fellowship and various Cornell University fellowships.     

Mean-field coupling of calcium oscillations in a multicellular system of rat hepatocytes

In a multicellular system of rat hepatocytes and even in an intact liver, cytoplasmic calcium oscillations are synchronized and highly coordinated. In this paper, the mean-field coupling term has been introduced to describe the coupling flux, which is more efficient than gap junctional coupling terms. An optimal coupling strength and an optimal stimulation level for the synchronization of the coupled system have been observed in this paper. Moreover, it has been proved that these results are independent of the cells number. Interestingly, it has been observed that the intracellular noise and the extracellular noise have different effects on the synchronization of the coupled system.     

Superoxide-Dependent Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals from Ferric-Complexes and Hydrogen Peroxide: An Evaluation of Fourteen Iron Chelators

When a variety of ferric chelates are reacted with hydrogen peroxide in phosphate buffer deoxyribose is damaged and this damage is protected against by formate, thiourea and mannitol. Damage done by ferric complexes of citrate, EDTA, NTA, EGTA and HEDA is substantially inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) whereas complexes of PLA. ADP and CDTA are moderately inhibited by SOD. The effects of SOD argue against hydrogen peroxide acting as a reductant in Fenton chemistry driven by ferric complexes and hydrogen peroxide. EDTA has proved to be a useful model for Fenton chemistry that is inhibited by SOD although, it is not unique in this respect.     

Absence of (Na+,K+)-ATPase involvement in lactose production by lactating guinea pig mammary gland.

The role of the (Na+, K+)-ATPase system in lactose production by the lactating guinea pig mammary gland has been studied in vitro with slices of the gland. In this system there is an initial fast lactose release, mainly representing secretion of preformed lactose, followed by a continuous slow lactose release, representing mainly lactose synthesis. The latter process occurs at a rate of 1.6 to 2.4 g lactose/kg wet wr/h, which value is about half of the lactose production in vivo (3.9 g/kg set wt/h). Incubation of slices in the presence of 10-4 M ouabain does not influence the rate of overall lactose production. When determined separately, it does not change either the rate of secretion or that of synthesis. This pleads against a role of the (Na+, K+)-ATPase system in lactose secretion or synthesis, in particular it seems to rule out control of the rates of these processes by the intracellular potassium concentration. An explanation for the generally observed correlation between the lactose and potassium concentrations in milk, may be that both the maintenance of the intracellular potassium concentration and the lactose synthesis rate require the presence of ATP.     

The hydrolysis of triglycerides by immobilized lipase in a hydrophilic membrane reactor

In the present article a method is described to immobilize lipase from Candida rugosa on a hollow fiber membrane, and the use of such a system for the hydrolysis of lipids is reported. The membranes were ENKA hydro philic Cuprophan((R))-type hollow fibers, having a large specific surface area. The immobilized lipase exhibited a high stability: the half-life time was 43 days at a temperature of 30 degrees C. Furthermore, it is proved that kinetic studies can be carried out with this system, operated in a batch or continuous mode. The relation between conversion rate and degree of hydrolysis was determined. On this basis, a dynamic model of the process was developed that describes the relation between reaction conditions and the conversion rate.