可调谐声光调Q CO2激光器

摘要：利用调Q脉冲激光器速率方程计算了自行设计的声光调Q小型CO2激光器的主要技术参数,分析了影响声光调Q CO2激光器输出的主要因素,提出了优化设计的途径和方法,实验结果与理论计算基本一致。经优化设计的激光器脉冲重复频率达1Hz～50kHz, 1kHz时在获得脉宽180ns,峰值功率4062w的激光输出,并利用光栅实现了激光输出波长的连续调谐,波长调谐范围9.2μm～10.8μm,该激光器在激光测距、环境探测及空间通讯等领域具有广泛的用途。     

声光调QCO_2激光器

为满足激光测距、环境探测、空间通讯及激光与物质相互作用机理研究等领域应用要求,研制了声光调Q CO2激光器.针对影响声光调Q CO2激光器输出的各种因素,利用调Q脉冲激光器速率方程对该激光器输出的主要技术参数进行了理论分析和计算,提出了声光调Q CO2激光器优化设计的方法,并进行了验证实验.激光器脉冲重复频率为1 Hz～50 kHz, 在1 kHz运转时获得的输出激光脉冲宽度为180 ns,峰值功率为4 062 W,与理论计算基本一致.结果证明:通过声光晶体(AO)的优选及谐振腔的合理设计,可实现小型CO2激光器的高重频、窄脉宽,高峰值功率输出,并可通过光栅选线的设计方式和TTL信号控制实现此类激光器的波长调谐和编码输出.     

高重频短脉冲输出的增益开关型Nd~(3+)∶YVO_4微片激光器

以直流偏置叠加脉冲电流驱动的半导体激光器(LD)作为抽运源,端面抽运Nd3+∶YVO4平-平腔微片激光器。利用增益开关技术,调节LD驱动电流的幅值、脉宽可改变输出激光的脉宽,改变LD驱动电流的重复频率可改变输出激光的重复频率,实现了单模稳定、可控高重复频率的小型、全固化短脉冲激光器,可作为理想的脉冲激光种子光源,应用于激光测距、激光雷达等领域。     

高重频短脉冲输出的增益开关型Nd^3＋：YVO4微片激光器

以直流偏置叠加脉冲电流驱动的半导体激光器(LD)作为抽运源,端面抽运Nd3+∶YVO4平-平腔微片激光器.利用增益开关技术,调节LD驱动电流的幅值、脉宽可改变输出激光的脉宽,改变LD驱动电流的重复频率可改变输出激光的重复频率,实现了单模稳定、可控高重复频率的小型、全固化短脉冲激光器,可作为理想的脉冲激光种子光源,应用于激光测距、激光雷达等领域.     

NALM锁模全保偏光纤掺铒光学频率梳

飞秒光学频率梳是当今激光技术领域的重要研究方向。实验基于非线性放大环形镜(NALM)锁模激光器实现了全保偏光纤结构的掺铒光学频率梳。在基于NALM锁模的光纤激光器内部加入非互惠相移器,降低了锁模阈值,实现了超短脉冲激光器的自启动。经过脉冲放大和压缩,脉冲的峰值功率可达61.3 kW。将此高功率超短脉冲注入55 cm的保偏高非线性光纤(PM-HNLF)中,激光器的输出光谱被拓展至一个倍频层(1 030～2 200 nm)。辅以f-2f自参考探测技术,成功探测到了信噪比高达40 dB、线宽为40 kHz的载波包络偏频信号(f_0)。此外,通过使用两套电路反馈系统,将f_0信号与激光器重复频率信号(f_r)的频率抖动量分别降低至521.71 mHz和240μHz,实现了相位稳定的掺铒光学频率梳。     

基于连续高压脉冲方波的绝缘老化试验系统

为研究牵引逆变器输出脉冲电压对变频牵引电机绝缘的影响,根据牵引逆变系统电压波形和加速老化试验原则,采用变压式试验电源研制了一套基于连续高压脉冲方波的绝缘老化试验系统.高压脉冲电源为双极性,脉冲电压峰峰值为0～10 kV,频率为500 Hz～20 kHz,占空比为50%,上升沿时间2 μs左右,输出功率1 kW,温度范围为室温～300 ℃,高压脉冲电源脉冲幅值高、频率可调,具有过流、过压保护功能,完全满足进行变频牵引电机绝缘材料性能试验的要求.     

基于谐振式MEMS传感器的仪表开发关键技术

针对基于谐振式MEMS传感器开发数字智能仪器仪表的高精度、快响应频率测量技术展开研究。以一谐振式MEMS气压传感器为开发样件,其差分输出是两路40～70 kHz之间的正弦频率信号。对传统的频率测量方法进行阐述分析,提出一种新的结合传统测频方法各自优点的频率检测方法。设计实现相关软、硬件,搭建测试系统,实验结果表明该测频方案针对40～70 kHz的频率信号误差小于±0.02 Hz,响应时间为1 s以内。     

激光诱导空泡微孔抛光机理及实验研究

针对微孔抛光的问题,提出了一种新的抛光方法,该方法利用激光聚焦水中产生空泡,并利用激光等离子体冲击波、空泡溃灭冲击波和射流推送磨粒进行微孔抛光。通过高速摄影仪和高频动态压力传感器对激光诱导空泡机理进行了研究。利用不同激光脉冲能量、脉冲次数和脉冲频率对304不锈钢管进行抛光实验,发现随着激光脉冲能量（7~21.6mJ）和脉冲次数（0~7000）的增加,微孔表面粗糙度也随之改善;同时激光在低脉冲频率（1~10Hz）情况下,改变脉冲频率的大小对微孔的抛光效果影响不大。对微孔在不同位置的抛光效果进行了对比分析,发现孔入口1~1.5mm处的抛光效果较好,孔中和孔尾的抛光效果不佳。通过激光诱导空泡微孔抛光机理和实验研究,表明微孔抛光过程是激光等离子体冲击波、空泡溃灭冲击波和射流共同作用的过程,并得到了激光微孔抛光的一般规律。     

LD端面泵浦的高输出单频Nd∶YVO_4绿光激光器

用激光二极管(LD)抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体,采用四镜环形腔结构,腔内放置由法拉第旋光器,λ/2波片及布氏片组成的光学单向器,利用KTP内腔倍频技术,实现了高输出单频Nd∶YVO4绿光激光器及稳定的单频激光输出。在9 W的泵浦功率下,最大单频绿光输出为1.1 W,光-光转化效率为12.2%。在腔内插入Cr4+∶YAG晶体,又获得了脉宽为100 ns,重复频率为21 kHz的单纵模被动调Q激光输出。     

基于DDS9833的波形发生器设计

应用DDS设计完成了一套基于89S51单片机的直接数字式频率合成系统;系统中的信号发生器以单片机为中心控制系统,由晶体振荡电路、地址产生电路(直接数字合成DDS)、波形产生电路、短路保护电路、功率放大电路及串行通讯电路组成;采用了直接数字频率合成技术,较大幅度地提高了输出波形的频率;可满足输出频率0.1Hz～10kHz的变化范围.     

A nanosecond SOS generator with a peak power of 4 GW

A high-current nanosecond generator with a peak power of up to 4 GW, an output voltage of 0.4–1 MV, a pulse duration of 8–10 ns, and pulse repetition rates of 300 Hz in a continuous mode and up to 1 kHz in the burst mode is described. The average output power at a pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz reaches 30 kW. The generator has an all-solid-state energy-switching system. A semiconductor opening switch on SOS diodes forms output pulses. The electric circuit and design of the generator are described, and the experimental results are presented. A device for eliminating prepulses across the load is proposed. The results of its testing and numerical simulation are presented.     

An electrohydraulic installation

An installation using the electrohydraulic effect is designed for investigation of physicochemical processes running in liquids under the action of high-voltage electric discharges. A control unit allows one to vary the discharge voltage (from 1 to 40 kV), current (10–150 kA) duration of the discharge pulse (from 0.3 to 2 μs), and the pulse repetition rate (from 0.1 to 10 Hz).     

量子阱二极管泵浦的Nd:YVO4/Cr:YAG高重复率被动调Q激光器

量子阱二极管端面泵浦的Nd:YVO₄激光器中,采用Cr:YAG作为可饱和吸收体,获得了1.06μm的高重复率被动调Q脉冲激光输出.在吸收泵浦功率528.3mW时,输出脉冲能量0.19μJ,宽度32ns,脉冲重复率达158.7kHz.     

A Megavolt Nanosecond Generator with a Semiconductor Opening Switch

A high-current nanosecond-pulse generator with a pulse power of up to 1.6 GW, an output voltage of 0.5–1 MV, pulse duration of 40–60 ns, and repetition rates of 300 Hz (in a steady-state mode) and up to 850 Hz (in a burst mode) is described. Its average output power is 30 kW at a pulse repetition rate of 500 Hz. The energy-switching system of the generator fully consists of solid-state elements: a thyristor, magnetic switches, and a semiconductor-opening switch based on SOS diodes.     

激光等离子体软X线光源的研究

本文设计了一种高精度旋转靶系统的激光等离子体软X线光源,亮度高,强度大,光斑尺寸(100～200)μm,脉冲时间几十纳秒,可以辐射出直至软X线的连续光谱及迭加在连续光谱之上的线光谱,峰值波长位于(13～17)nm。在多次测量取平均的方式下,其稳定性和重复性优于±4.5%。     

Pulse-burst laser systems for fast Thomson scattering (invited)

Two standard commercial flashlamp-pumped Nd:YAG (YAG denotes yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers have been upgraded to "pulse-burst" capability. Each laser produces a burst of up to 15 2 J Q-switched pulses (1064 nm) at repetition rates of 1-12.5 kHz. Variable pulse-width drive (0.15-0.39 ms) of the flashlamps is accomplished by insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switching of electrolytic capacitor banks. Direct control of the laser Pockels cell drive enables optimal pulse energy extraction, and up to four 2 J laser pulses during one flashlamp pulse. These lasers are used in the Thomson scattering plasma diagnostic system on the MST reversed-field pinch to record the dynamic evolution of the electron temperature profile and temperature fluctuations. To further these investigations, a custom pulse-burst laser system with a maximum pulse repetition rate of 250 kHz is now being commissioned.     

High performance thyratron driver with low jitter

We report the design and development of insulated gate bipolar junction transistor based high performance driver for operating thyratrons in grounded grid mode. With careful design, the driver meets the specification of trigger output pulse rise time less than 30 ns, jitter less than +/-1 ns, and time delay less than 160 ns. It produces a -600 V pulse of 500 ns duration (full width at half maximum) at repetition rate ranging from 1 Hz to 1.14 kHz. The developed module also facilitates heating and biasing units along with protection circuitry in one complete package.     

A high-voltage semiconductor rectangular-pulse generator for powering a barrier discharge

A semiconductor rectangular-pulse generator with smoothly controlled output parameters for powering a barrier discharge was developed and investigated. The generator allows the formation of voltage pulses with the smoothly regulated amplitude (0–16 kV) and duration (600 ns–1 ms) across the discharge gap. The pulse rise and fall times can be varied from 40 ns to 1 μs. The generator pulse repetition rate can be smoothly varied from 0 to 50 kHz. The generator can operate in the manual-triggering mode and in the mode of pulse trains with an effective frequency of up to 500 kHz. The generator is intended for initiating and investigating a barrier discharge in millimeter-wide air gaps at the atmospheric pressure.     

Structuring of titanium using a nanosecond-pulsed Nd:YVO4 laser at 1064 nm

We demonstrate the manufacture of organized microstructures on titanium substrates in an air atmosphere utilizing a pulsed Nd:YVO₄ laser with pulse length of 8 ns and repetition rate of 30 kHz at 1064 nm. The ablation threshold of titanium for irradiation at this wavelength was measured to be in the range of 1.7–1.8 J/cm². For structuring of the metal, we used maximum laser energy fluence above the ablation threshold. This led to the generation of arrays of organized microstructures with average periods ranging from ~40 to ~90 μm. The mechanism for formation of the microstructures is discussed. Formation of such organized structures on titanium could find applications in sensing and biocompatibility.