Intentional Replantation Techniques: A Critical Review

Introduction

Techniques and armamentarium for intentional replantation have varied throughout the years with no universally accepted clinical treatment guidelines. A wide range of success rates has been reported, and accordingly, this treatment method has often been regarded as a treatment of last resort. However, recent studies have shown more consistent success rates as high as 88% to 95%. In light of these new studies, intentional replantation may now be considered a more commonly accepted treatment modality. The purpose of this review was to critically examine reported techniques for intentional replantation.

Effect of number of pontics and impression technique on the accuracy of four-unit monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses

Statement of problem

Because of their relatively small scanning area, intraoral scanners may result in less accurate fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) than do laboratory scanners.

Root Canal Morphology Evaluation of Central and Lateral Mandibular Incisors Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography in an Israeli Population

Introduction

Central and lateral mandibular incisors usually have 1 root canal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of additional root canals in central and lateral mandibular incisors and to investigate the prevalence of oval and long oval canals in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of cases with 1 root canal.

Efficacy of 4 % Articaine and 2 % Lidocaine: A clinical study

Objectives

This study was undertaken to compare the anesthetic properties of 4 % Articaine hydrochloride and 2 % Lidocaine both with 1:100,000 epinephrine for mandibular inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia.

Materials and Methods

Thirty healthy patients were included in this randomized double-blind clinical cross over study. Each subject received each test solution at different times. Inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia was used for extraction of bilateral impacted mandibular third molar on different occassions. The time of onset of action, duration of anesthesia, efficacy of anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation were monitored during the procedure. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain during surgery, and thus subjectively evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the two solutions.

Results

No statistically significant differences were seen in the onset and duration of anesthesia between the Articaine and Lidocaine solutions.

Conclusions

4 % Articaine offers better clinical performance than 2 % Lidocaine, particularly in terms of latency and duration of the anesthetic effect. However, no statistically significant differences in anesthetic efficacy were recorded between the two solutions.     

Chondromalacia as pathological finding in arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint: A retrospective study

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the arthroscopic findings of chondromalacia and its relation with the internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Surface Changes of PathFile after Glide Path Preparation: An Ex Vivo and In Vivo Study

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the surface profile of rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) files designed to prepare a glide path and conventional stainless steel (SS) hand files when used in extremely narrow canals both in clinical and experimental conditions.

Cell Viability and Tissue Reaction of NeoMTA Plus: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cell viability and tissue reaction of NeoMTA Plus (NMP; Avalon Biomed Inc, Houston, TX) compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint-Maur-de-Fossés, France).

Association of Failed Root Canal Treatment with Dentist and Institutional Volumes: A Population-based Cohort Study in Taiwan

Introduction

The volume-outcome relationships in failed root canal treatments (RCTs) are rarely studied. Thus, we aimed to examine the association of failed RCTs with dentist and institutional volumes.

An Innovative Regenerative Endodontic Procedure Using Leukocyte and Platelet-rich Fibrin Associated with Apical Surgery: A Case Report

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) associated with apical surgery could represent an alternative treatment strategy for patients whose teeth present incomplete root formation and extensive apical lesions. Leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) has potential benefits in REPs; it could promote apical root formation and optimal bone healing. The aim of this case report was to describe innovative regenerative endodontic therapy using L-PRF in the root canal and an extensive apical lesion in an immature tooth with dens invaginatus and asymptomatic apical periodontitis. A healthy 20-year-old woman was referred to the dental clinic of the Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile, for endodontic treatment in tooth # 22 with incomplete root development and an extensive apical lesion. The diagnosis was asymptomatic apical periodontitis associated with dens invaginatus type II. The patient was treated with an innovative approach using L-PRF in REPs associated with apical surgery. Follow-ups were performed at 6 months and 1 year later. They included periapical radiographs, cone-beam computed tomographic imaging, sensitivity, and vitality tests. The clinical evaluations performed at 6 months and 1 year revealed an absence of symptoms. The radiographic evaluations showed that the apical lesion was resolved. The cone-beam images indicated that the root length increased and the walls had thickened. The sensitivity tests were positive, and the laser Doppler flowmetry showed positive blood flow after 1 year. The success of the results in this case report indicate that L-PRF can be used as a complement in apical surgery and REPs and could provide an innovative alternative treatment strategy for complex clinical cases like these.     

Prevotella nigrescens and Porphyromonas gingivalis are associated with signs of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with and without periodontitis

Yakob M, Söder B, Meurman JH, Jogestrand T, Nowak J, Söder P.‐Ö. Prevotella nigrescens and Porphyromonas gingivalis are associated with signs of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with and without periodontitis. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 749–755. ©2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Oral microorganisms may be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases, and Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the periodontal microorganisms that has been found in carotid atheroma. The aim of this work was to study subgingival microorganisms and early carotid lesions in subjects with and without periodontitis. Material and Methods: Eighty‐eight subjects with periodontitis and 40 subjects without periodontitis underwent dental examinations in 2003. The presence of the periodontal microorganisms Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Tannerella forsythia was analyzed from subgingival plaque using PCR amplification. The common carotid artery was scanned using ultrasound and the calculated intima‐media area (cIMA) was measured. The association between periodontitis, the cIMA value and the presence of periodontal microorganisms, together with several confounders, was studied in a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 5.64; p = 0.001), level of education (OR = 5.02; p < 0.05) and the presence of P. gingivalis (OR = 6.50; p < 0.05) were associated with periodontitis. Explanatory factors for the increased cIMA were periodontitis (OR = 4.22; p < 0.05), hypertension (OR = 4.81; p < 0.05), high body mass index (OR = 5.78; p < 0.01), male gender (OR = 3.30; p < 0.05) and poor socioeconomic status (OR = 4.34; p < 0.05). P. nigrescens (OR 4.08; p < 0.05) and P. gingivalis (OR 7.63; p < 0.01) also appeared as explanatory variables associated with increased cIMA values. Conclusion: This cross‐sectional study showed that P. nigrescens and P. gingivalis were significantly associated with increased cIMA values.     

Fabrication of an unconventional bolus-type stent for a combined intraoral/extraoral defect treated with proton radiation therapy

Customized intraoral devices help the radiation oncologist minimize the adverse effects of radiation and maximize the tumor control rate by keeping the anatomic structures in a consistent position during each fraction of radiation treatment. This article illustrates the fabrication of a bolus-type positioning device for a combined intraoral/extraoral defect treated with proton radiation therapy.     

Tooth Discoloration Induced by Different Calcium Silicate–based Cements: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies

Introduction

On the basis of many clinical observations, some calcium silicate–based cements have a high potential for staining tooth tissue. This feature greatly limits the use of those cements, particularly for anterior teeth. This review aimed to provide a systematic evaluation of published in vitro studies to determine the effect of different calcium silicate–based cements on dental tissue discoloration.

Pelvic emergency management: the first 24 hours

Pelvic ring injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the polytrauma patient. Mortality rates from pelvic ring injuries have declined, unrelated to injury severity. This is due to an improved understanding of trauma as a disease, initial and subsequent management options. There are a number of guidelines pertaining to these injuries. These have been brought together to provide an overview of the current guidance on the emergent management of these complex injuries. The foundations of treatment for these injuries includes the following: recognition of the high energy involved, rapid assessment, resuscitation and temporary stabilization of bony and soft tissue injuries. It is important to involve a multidisciplinary team prior to definitive management. By following the guidance set out by this article, the orthopaedic trauma team in the receiving hospital can optimize the patient and prepare them for transfer to the regional major trauma centre. This will improve patient morbidity and mortality and ensure standardization of pelvic trauma management in the first 24 hours.     

Management of duct obstruction in transplanted submandibular glands

Background

Submandibular gland (SMG) transplantation is a successful treatment approach for patients with severe dry eye. However, duct obstruction can occur post-transplant.

Effectiveness of 2.0 mm Standard and 2.0 mm Locking Miniplates in Management of Mandibular Fractures: A Clinical Comparative Study

To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of 2.0 mm locking miniplates versus 2.0 mm standard miniplates in treatment of mandible fractures. Sixty randomly selected patients who sustained mandibular fractures were selected for this study. The fractured fragments were stabilized using 2.0 mm locking miniplates in 30 cases and in the remaining 30 cases the fractured fragments were fixed with conventional 2.0 mm miniplates. Post-operative stability was assessed with radiographs at 7th day, 1st, and 3rd months. The stability of the reduced fracture was assessed clinically and both the types of plates were assessed with an OPG or conventional radiographs. This study shows favorable results on use of locking miniplates in mandibular fractures. The results show that there were no significant differences in the post-operative complications between the conventional and the locking plate/screw mandibular systems. The locking plate/screw system was more rigid than conventional plate/screw system, thereby reducing the need and duration of intermaxillary fixation (IMF).     

Treatment Outcome Following Direct Pulp Capping Using Bioceramic Materials in Mature Permanent Teeth with Carious Exposure: A Pilot Retrospective Study

Introduction

The aim of this study was to investigate the sequelae of direct pulp capping (DPC) using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine in mature permanent teeth with carious exposure.