明尼苏达多相个性测验结果在焦虑症患者个性特性的应用研究

目的探讨焦虑症患者的人格特征,为焦虑症的早期发现及治疗提供帮助同时为临床心理干预提供参考依据。方法采用MMPI(明尼苏达多相个性测验)量表对150例焦虑症患者(病例组)进行测试并与正常人群(对照组)进行比较。结果 4个效度量表中T分值均没有大于70分、Q、L在两组间得分分别小于30分、10分,所测结果有效。临床量表的比较中,病例组和对照组的Ma、Mf得分差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组的Hs得分最高,病例组和对照组的Hs、D、Hy、Pd、Pa、Pt、Sc、Si比较两组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论焦虑症患者具有疑病、抑郁、偏执、精神衰弱等人格特点,MMPI在焦虑症患者早期发现,临床心理干预及治疗有一定指导意义。     

难治性强迫症患者生命质量及影响因素

目的 探讨难治性强迫症患者生命质量及影响因素.方法 入组43例难治性强迫症患者进行SF-36Yale-Brown强迫量表(YBOCS)评定,对SF-36量表分值与一般情况进行相关性分析.结果 难治性强迫症患者组SF-36量表分值与正常人群相比,在生理职能(RP)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)、精神健康(MH)维度分数[(67.4±44.1)分,(70.0±29.8)分,(46.5±41.8)分,(47.7±17.1)分]均低于普通人群,而且差异均有显著性(P<0.05).有工作难治性强迫症患者在生理职能(RP)、社会功能(SF)维度分数[(81.2±33.9)分,(81.2±22.1)分]显著高于无工作患者(P<0.05).结论 难治性强迫症患者生命质量较正常人群差.起病年龄、是否工作与其生命质量相关.     

改良森田疗法对康复期精神病性障碍患者人格的影响

目的:观察改良森田疗法对康复期精神病性障碍患者人格的影响,为提高其长期疗效提供一些可行性措施。方法:通过前瞻性对照研究,将康复期精神分裂症、抑郁症患者随机分成研究组和对照组,研究组采用改良森田疗法联合药物治疗,对照组单用药物治疗,治疗1个月前后分别评定明尼苏达人格问卷(MMPI)、阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)。结果:研究组精神分裂症患者除D量表外,其他MMPI量表的T分均比治疗前显著降低,抑郁症患者除Mf、Ma量表外,其他量表T分也比治疗前显示降低(P均<0.05)。研究组治疗前后Hs、D、Hy、Pa、Pt、Sc、Si量表T分减分值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论:改良森田疗法有助于转变康复期精神病性障碍患者的某些异常人格特质。     

神经性厌食患者5-羟色胺2A受体基因多态性与人格特性的关联研究

目的探讨5-羟色胺2A(5-HT2A)受体基因102T/C多态性与神经性厌食患者人格特性之间的关系。方法应用多重碱基延伸SNP分型技术,对107例神经性厌食患者进行5-HT2A102T/C基因多态进行检测,并进行明尼苏达多项人格调查表(Minnesoda Multiphasic Personality Inventory,MMPI)评定。结果 5-HT2A102T/C的三种多态基因型的Pd(心理病理性偏离)量表T分差异有统计学意义(F=7.698,P=0.001);其中,纯合子C/C和T/T基因型Pd量表T分(67.3±12.7;65.8±12.7)均高于中国常模(60),并均显著高于杂合子T/C基因型的Pd量表T分(58.2±9.8)(P1=0.001;P2=0.005)。结论 5-HT2A102T/C基因多态可能与神经性厌食的易感人格特性存在关联,MMPI中Pd量表T分很可能是神经性厌食的人格特性内表型。     

某水面舰艇官兵远洋训练一月时睡眠质量和生活质量的调查

目的探讨水面舰艇官兵远洋训练一月时的睡眠质量状况与生活质量的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样法,抽取某水面舰艇部队官兵136名,应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和健康状况简表SF-36(SF-36)进行睡眠质量和生活质量调查。结果水面舰艇官兵睡眠障碍检出率为56.25%;睡眠障碍组的SF-36总分、生理健康总评、心理健康总评及各维度得分均低于睡眠正常组(t=-4.84～-2.08,P0.05)。Pearson分析结果显示:服用催眠药物与精神健康维度正相关外,睡眠质量各因子与生活质量多数维度间呈负相关(P0.05)。结论水面舰艇官兵远洋训练一月时睡眠质量差者生活质量亦较差,因此需对新兵的睡眠质量加强干预。     

高血压共病抑郁状态患者心理特征分析

目的探讨高血压共病抑郁状态患者的心理特征。方法选取2018年1月～2018年12月我院门诊就诊的20例高血压共病抑郁状态患者作为观察组,同时选取20例相匹配的正常人作为对照组,观察比较两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、明尼苏达多项人格测验(MMPI)评分。结果 MMPI效度量表:说谎量表(L)、诈病量表(F)、校正量表(K)两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);临床量表中精神病态(Pd)、妄想狂(Pa)、轻躁狂(Ma)两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,观察组患者精神衰弱(Pt)、精神分裂(Sc)维度评分升高(P0.05),疑病(Hs)、抑郁(D)、癔病(Hy)、男性化-女性化(Mf)、社会内向(Si)维度评分显著升高(P0.01)。结论高血压共病抑郁状态患者临床多表现为抑郁焦虑、疑病、性别角色不符、性格内向等心理特征,有助于情绪障碍相关高血压的早期发现与治疗。     

认知行为干预对缺血性脑卒中失眠患者的影响

目的探讨认知行为干预对缺血性脑卒中失眠患者心理健康及睡眠质量的影响。方法选择于2015-02—2017-02在我院接受治疗的88例缺血性脑卒中失眠患者,根据随机数字表法分为2组。给予对照组44例患者常规治疗措施和护理,在此基础上给予试验组44例患者认知行为干预。比较2组护理后睡眠质量、心理健康状况以及生活质量。结果试验组和对照组睡眠状况自评量表(Self-Rating Scale of Sleep,SRSS)评分分别为(23.62±6.49)分、(34.65±5.84)分,匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分分别为(7.23±4.19)分、(9.36±4.91)分,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组和对照组焦虑自评量表(Seif-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评分分别为(31.82±7.89)分、(38.21±9.74)分,抑郁自评量表(Selfrating depression scale,SDS)评分分别为(35.91±9.65)分、(40.43±10.67)分,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组简明健康测量量表(The Short-Form 36Health Survey Scale,SF-36)评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对缺血性脑卒中失眠患者实施行为认知干预能有效改善患者睡眠质量和心理健康状况,提高生活质量。     

精神科门诊患者综合使用MMPI、SCL-90、SAS、SDS的相关分析

目的分析精神科门诊中明尼苏达多相人格问卷(MMPI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)4种量表联合测评的临床价值是否优于单量表测评。方法纳入2015年1月-10月在深圳市康宁医院精神科特殊门诊就诊的初诊患者,根据《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)对患者进行诊断。共133例患者完成了四个量表评定,采用描述性统计和Pearson相关分析进行统计分析。结果精神科门诊患者MMPI、SCL-90、SDS、SAS评分分别为(590.80±81.00)分、(223.60±66.08)分、(60.82±12.28)分、(54.73±11.71)分,均高于全国常模[(245.49±5.40)分、(129.96±38.76)分、(41.88±10.57)分、(33.80±5.90)分]。MMPI各临床分量表T分≥60分的个体占总体的比例排前5位的分别为抑郁(71.4%)、癔病(71.4%)、精神病态(59.4%)、疑病(58.6%)、精神衰弱(58.6%);SCL-90各因子评分≥2分的个体占总体的比例排前5的别为抑郁(82.0%)、焦虑(79.7%)、强迫状态(78.2%)、其他(76.7%)、人际关系敏感(69.9%)。四个量表评分之间两两呈正相关(r=0.67~0.79,P均0.01)。此外,MMPI大部分临床量表评分与SCL-90、SDS和SAS评分均呈正相关(r=0.21~0.79,P0.05或0.01)。结论 MMPI、SCL-90、SDS和SAS四种量表联合测评可为临床诊断提供更加全面、相互印证的数据支持,可能较单量表测评更具有参考价值。     

小组工作模式在抑郁症患者自杀预警管理中的临床应用

目的探讨小组工作模式在抑郁症患者自杀预警管理中的临床应用。方法选取2013年4月-2014年3月苏州广济医院开放病房有自杀意念的住院抑郁症患者350例,按随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各175例。对照组按抑郁症护理常规进行护理,干预组采用小组工作模式实施自杀预警管理6周。采用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)和简明健康测量量表(SF-36)分别在入院时和干预6周末进行评定,并比较两组患者自杀行为的发生情况。结果两组患者6周末HAMD、SIOSS、SF-36评分较干预前差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);6周末干预组HAMD[(8.20±1.71)分]、SIOSS[(9.18±1.61)分]、SF-36[(613.02±90.07)分]评分较对照组差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),干预组的自杀行为发生率低于对照组(P0.01)。结论开放病房采用小组工作模式对抑郁症患者实施自杀预警管理,能有效降低抑郁症患者住院期间自杀行为的发生,改善患者抑郁症状,提高生活质量。     

精神分裂症患者一级亲属人格特征的研究

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者一级亲属的人格特征.方法 采用分裂型人格问卷(SPQ)及三维人格问卷(TPQ)评定181例精神分裂症患者一级亲属(高危组)、321名正常对照个体(对照组)的人格特征.结果 高危组sPQ阴性分裂型人格维度评分[(9.80±7.05)分]高于对照组[(8.42±5.87)分],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).高危组在TPQ寻求新奇维度评分[(15.60±5.62)分]、奖赏依赖维度评分[(17.41 ±1.13)分]与对照组[(14.20±2.83)分,(18.22±3.26)分]的差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.01).高危组的阴性分裂型人格维度分数与寻求新奇维度、奖赏依赖维度分数显著相关(r=0.17和-0.23).结论 精神分裂症患者一级亲属具有阴性分裂型维度、寻求新奇维度、奖赏依赖维度的人格特征.     

失眠症患者的述情障碍与人格特征的相关性研究

目的 探讨失眠症患者的述情障碍和人格特征及两者间的相关性.方法 分别对60例失眠症患者（研究组）及60名健康者（对照组）采用多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）及明尼苏达多相个性调查问卷（MMPI）进行评估比较.结果 患者组TAS总分及因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ评分[分别为（85.93±5.46）,（20.57±2.17）,（25.80±2.41）,（17.55±3.10）,（22.47±3.58）分]均高于对照组[分别为（64.10±5.52）,（14.33±4.42）,（15.63±3.94）,（16.28±3.08）,（17.18±3.38）分],其MMPI各临床量表中疑病、抑郁、癔症、精神病态、男性女性化、偏执平均T分值[分别为（72.33±6.25）,（67.02±8.98）,（76.28±7.44）,（54.83±5.07）,（50.90±5.19）,（56.72±6.22）分]均高于对照组[分别为（51.97±6.72）,（46.80±5.83）,（51.30±7.57）,（52.10±4.56）,（47.73±5.38）,（47.33±4.08）分],差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患者组TAS因子Ⅰ与疑病正相关,差异具有统计学意义（r=0.29,P＜0.05）,因子Ⅳ与抑郁、癔症、精神病态、男性-女性化呈正相关,差异具有统计学意义（r分别为0.29,0.34,0.31,0.30;P＜0.05）.结论 失眠症患者有一定的人格基础,存在明显的述情障碍,并且这两者密切相关.     

精神分裂症患者一级亲属MMPI心理状况调查

目的 调查了解精神分裂症患者一级亲属心理状况.方法 116名精神分裂症患者一级亲属接受明尼苏达多相个性测查表（MMPI）测查.结果 男性一级亲属MMPI量表中诈病（F）、校正（K）、社会内向（Si）因子低于常模水平,疑病（Hs）、抑郁（D）、癔症（Hy）、精神病态（Pd）、精神分裂（Sc）因子高于常模水平（P＜0.05）;女性一级亲属MMPI量表中诈病（F）、校正（K）因子低于常模水平,说谎（L）、疑病（Hs）、癔症（Hy）、精神病态（Pd）、精神衰弱（Pt）、轻躁狂（Ma）因子高于常模水平（P＜0.05）.结论 精神分裂症患者一级亲属心理健康程度较差.     

Factors influencing subjective sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

The aim of the present paper was to clarify the factors influencing subjective daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Subjects included 230 adult male OSAS patients aged 20-73 years. Single and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the following variables: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), age, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration during the preceding month and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Single linear regression analysis showed that age had a negative association with ESS score, while BMI, AHI, SDS, hypochondriasis (Hs), hysteria, psychopathic deviant, psychasthenia, schizophrenia and hypomania on the MMPI had a positive association with ESS score. However, the other remaining parameters such as nocturnal sleep duration during the preceding month, depression, masculinity-femininity, paranoia, social introversion on the MMPI had no statistical association with ESS score. Multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise elimination method was applied to choose the significant factors associated with ESS. It was found that three variables including age, AHI and Hs scores were independent factors influencing ESS score. The R(2) for the model was 0.14, suggesting that these factors account for 14% of possible variance of subjective daytime sleepiness of OSAS patients. These results suggest that subjective daytime sleepiness in patients with OSAS may be influenced not only by the severity of respiratory disorder indices but also by certain personality characteristics affecting Hs score and by age.     

临产孕妇MMPI特征调查

目的调查临产孕妇心理状况、人格特征,为临床干预提供依据。方法应用明尼苏达多相人格测验量表(MMPI)对2014年5月-8月入住泸县妇幼保健院的108例正常足月待产孕妇进行调查。结果临产孕妇十个临床分量表中有六个量表原始评分高于我国常模,分别为:抑郁(D)[(30.17±5.06)vs.(28.40±5.04),P0.001]、男性化和女性化(Mf)[(33.50±3.78)vs.(31.83±3.86),P0.001]、社会内向(Si)[(35.00±5.46)vs.(37.27±6.71),P0.001]、精神病态(Pd)[(19.67±4.01)vs.(18.29±4.45),P0.01]、妄想狂(Pa)[(13.75±2.38)vs.(12.62±3.93),P0.01]、精神衰弱(Pt)[(20.67±7.11)vs.(18.77±7.82),P0.05],且各临床分量表出现中国T分异常(得分60分)的例数(百分比)分别为:D(36例,33.3%)、Mf(35例,32.4%)、精神分裂症(Sc)(31例,28.7%)、癔症(Hy)(27例,25.0%)、Pd(27例,25.0%)、Pt(27例,25.0%)。结论临产孕妇可能存在较多的心理问题及人格偏移情况,应予以及时适当的心理干预,以保证顺利分娩及改善产妇身心健康。     

老年抑郁症患者防御方式和人格特征研究

目的探讨老年抑郁症患者的防御方式和人格特征及两者间的关系。方法采用防御方式问卷（DSQ）及明尼苏达多项个性调查表（MMPI）分别对60例老年抑郁症患者（研究组）及60名老年健康者（对照组）测评。结果 DSQ评分研究组不成熟防御方式评分显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,MMPI各临床量表中疑病、抑郁、癔症、精神病态、偏执、精神衰弱评分均高于对照组（P〈0.01）,男性-女性化评分低于对照组（P〈0.01）;DSQ总分与抑郁、精神病态、偏执、精神衰弱呈负相关（P〈0.05）,不成熟防御机制与偏执呈正相关（P〈0.05）,成熟防御机制与疑病、抑郁、癔症呈负相关（P〈0.05）,与男性-女性化呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论老年抑郁症患者有一定的人格基础,多采用不成熟的防御方式,并且这两者密切相关。     

强迫性障碍患者防御方式与人格特征的关系

目的:探索强迫症患者防御方式、人格特征及相互关系。方法:应用防御方式问卷(DSQ)和明尼苏达多相人格调查表(MMPI)对住院治疗的77例强迫性障碍患者施测,将防御方式与人格特征进行典型相关分析。结果:本组DSQ不成熟防御机制(4.29±0.96)分,成熟防御机制(4.99±1.10)分,中间型防御机制(4.49±0.67)分;MMPI中癔症、抑郁症、病态人格、神经衰弱4个临床量表标准分(T)均高于中国划界值60分。第一对典型变量相关系数(r1)=0.712,其反映不成熟和中间型防御机制与精神分裂、神经衰弱、轻躁狂、病态人格和疑病的人格特征正相关;第二对典型变量相关系数(r2)=0.490,其反映成熟防御机制与病态人格、抑郁、偏执、癔症的人格特征负相关。结论:强迫性障碍患者使用不成熟和中间型防御方式与精神病性倾向和部分神经症倾向的人格特征相关;不成熟防御方式与精神病倾向人格相关性最强。     

Patients with coexistent psychogenic pseudoepileptic and epileptic seizures: a psychological profile

Despite significant advances in epileptology, the differential diagnosis of epileptic and pseudoepileptic seizures continues to be a considerable challenge. The problem becomes even more complicated when epileptic and psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures coexist in the same patient. Appropriate psychological measures may be helpful in the diagnosis and may improve knowledge about aetiological factors which can provoke psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures. The purpose of this paper is to present the psychological profile of patients with mixed seizures (epileptic and psychogenic pseudoepileptic) developed on the basis of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and to discuss the personality differences between patients with psychogenic epileptic seizures and epileptic patients. In patients with diagnosed epilepsy and/or suspected psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures long-term video-monitoring was performed. On the basis of the gathered data the patients were divided into three groups: group I (N= 32 : 25 F and 7 M) had coexistent psychogenic pseudoepileptic and epileptic seizures, group II (N= 38 : 30 F and 8 M) had psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures only and group III (N= 36 : 18 F and 8 M) had epileptic seizures only and was treated as the control group. All three groups were given the MMPI. Comparison of the averaged personality profiles of the three groups revealed significant differences (P< 0.0001) in hypochondriasis (Hs) and hysteria (Hy), similarity of the profiles of groups I and II, and significantly higher Hs and Hy scores than D (Depression) scores (P< 0.001). Unlike groups I and II, group III (the epileptic group) had significantly higher D scores than Hs and Hy scores (P< 0.01). Our findings suggest that conversion, manifested in the typically elevated Hs and Hy scores as compared to D scores, is present in both groups of patients demonstrating pseudoepileptic seizures but absent in the patients with epilepsy where the Hs and Hy to D ratio is reversed. Patients with mixed seizures and patients with psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures only have similarly shaped profiles.     

Study of psychopathology in patients with chronic non-lesional epilepsy: a Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory profile controlled study

OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric morbidity and psychopathology have been widely assessed in patients with epilepsy. However, the issue of whether people with epilepsy are at increased risk for psychopathology remains highly controversial. These disorders are not evaluated in a systematic manner in patients with non-lesional epilepsy, so they could be underestimated. The objective is to evaluate personality disorders in patients with non-lesional epilepsy. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the presence of personality disorders in 63 patients with chronic non-lesional (idiopathic and cryptogenic) epilepsy and in 40 unrelated and randomly selected controls by means of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and DSM-IV criteria for the different personality disorders. RESULTS: The overall scores were significantly higher in the patients in the subscales of schizophrenia, depression, hysteria, mania, paranoia, psychasthenia and psychopathic deviate. However, the differences in the proportion of patients with clinically significant scores occurred only for schizophrenia (57 vs. 20%), depression (55 vs. 15%), psychasthenia (28 vs. 10%) and paranoia (14 vs. 0%). According to DSM-IV criteria, only 11 patients met the criteria of schizotypal personality. We found excellent concordance for paranoid personality and depression between the two instruments of diagnosis. However, we did not find cases with either antisocial or avoidant personality. We also found a significant link between poor control of epilepsy and high scores in both paranoia and psychopathic deviate. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with the DSM-IV criteria for such personality disorders, the MMPI was oversensitive in detecting schizotypal features. However, the MMPI correctly classified the remaining personality disorders, especially depression and paranoid personality. On the basis of these results, we conclude that psychopathology is overrepresented in patients with chronic non-lesional epilepsy and that, in determined variables, this is due to the severity of the condition rather than to the type and duration of epilepsy. The approach to patients with chronic epilepsy should include neurobehavioural scales.     

Somatic Malingering on the MMPI and MMPI-2 in Personal Injury Litigants

Elevations on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI/MMPI-2) scales 1 (Hs) and 3 (Hy) frequently occur in neuropsychological settings, due to symptoms of pain, paresthesias, and malaise. The presence of only one F scale item on Hs and Hy complicates detection of exaggerated somatic complaints. Of 12 medically and neurologically normal litigants claiming brain damage, with objective evidence of malingering, only 3 had elevated F scales, despite elevations on Hs and Hy exceeding those reported for chronic pain samples and for noninjured dissimulators in malingering research. By contrast, 11 of 12 had elevations on the Lees-Haley Fake Bad Scale (FBS). Somatic malingering should be considered when elevations on Hs and Hy exceed T80, and FBS is significantly elevated.     

酒精依赖与MMPI相关因子分析

目的探讨酒精依赖与明尼苏达多相人格测验(MMPI)临床基本量表各因子的相关性。方法研究组系2008年6月-2010年6月在临沂市精神卫生中心就诊的酒精依赖患者。采用MMPI计算机测试软件,对酒精依赖组(n=162)和正常对照组(n=99)进行测试,对两组MMPI的疑病、抑郁、癔症、人格偏离、男子气、偏执、精神衰弱、精神分裂、躁狂、社会内向10个因子标准分进行统计分析,并进行logistic回归分析。结果除男子气因子外,酒精依赖组MMPI临床基本量表各因子标准分均高于对照组(P0.01);多因素logistic回归分析发现酒精依赖与抑郁、癔症呈正相关,与精神分裂呈负相关(P均0.05)。结论酒精依赖患者可能存在心理及躯体症状,尤其与抑郁、癔症关系密切。