it的平衡作用

It作形式主语,本身没有词汇意义,是用来改变句子结构,使原来用不定式动名词或从句充当的较长的主语移到句子后面。为什么要这样变化呢?这就要从英语句子的平衡说起。 人们在交际中传递的信息片断通常是由已知信息和新信息组成的。已知信息是说话人认为或假定对方     

Globalisation: what is it and how does it affect health?

The term "globalisation" tends to be misused and overused. We need greater clarity in our understanding of the globalisation process, including the distinct changes involved and their relation to human health. The health impacts of globalisation are simultaneously positive and negative, varying according to factors such as geographical location, sex, age, ethnic origin, education level, and socioeconomic status. Globalisation is not an unstoppable force. Our key challenge is to create socially and environmentally sustainable forms of globalisation that provide the greatest benefits and least costs, shared more equitably than is currently the case. The health community must engage more directly in current research and policy debates on globalisation and encourage values that promote human health. At the same time, those at the helm of globalisation processes must recognise that attending to health impacts will strengthen the long-term sustainability of globalisation.     

Research--what is it all about?

Research is an evolutionary process and being complicated, time-consuming and costly one whose end result is never known at the outset. Discovering a new drug has been likened to searching for the proverbial needle in a haystack. In test tube experiments called assays, compounds are added one at a time to enzymes, cell cultures or cellular substances grown in a laboratory. In the search for a new cholesterol drug, scientists found a fungus that inhibited the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme in a test tube. Chemists then had to identify which of the fungus' dozens of chemical by-products was actually inhibiting the enzyme. Once that was done, the chemical's structure was analysed and improved on to enhance its effects. Research has aimed at discovering what a drug does to the body. If a drug's active ingredients don't get into the blood, it won't work. In research one has to know when to cut losses if one goes down a wrong way. The role of FDA in the early stages of drug research is little. FDA first becomes involved when a drug company has completed its testing in animals and is ready to test a drug on humans. Drug research is a long, difficult and costly road certainly.