烟用添加剂的安全性研究进展

烟用添加剂,尤其是香精香料的添加对卷烟的吃味起着重要作用,卷烟中使用添加剂会影响一些与吸烟相关疾病的烟气成分,由此卷烟的安全性问题日益受关注,香精香料对卷烟的安全性研究越来越多。从化学和生物两方面,主要针对香精香料的添加对烟气中霍夫曼分析物影响的研究进展进行了综述。     

关于卷烟增香技术的探讨

文章从农业生产、原料搭配、香精香料的选择和加工工艺这几个方面对卷烟增香技术进行了归纳和探讨,为构建卷烟特征香韵及提高卷烟内在品质寻求理论依据。     

中式卷烟香精香料现状与发展

香精香料技术对中式卷烟尤其是对低焦油中式卷烟风格特征的形成具有不可或缺的作用，因此中式卷烟香精香料技术一直被称为核心技术，受到方方面面的高度重视。随着卷烟品牌集中度的大幅提高，这种作用发挥得正常与否将会影响到行业品牌乃至企业的运行安全性。     

日用香精香料的分析研究

阐述了日用香精香料的使用现状和发展趋势,介绍了香精香料的概念和制备方法、香精香料在日用化学品中的选择和添加问题,并着重探究了香精香料的安全性和检测方法,后对香精香料行业的发展进行了展望。     

香精香料技术在中式低焦油卷烟香味补偿中的研究进展

降低烟气焦油量是烟草工业的发展趋势,但降焦必然会对卷烟制品的抽吸品质尤其是香吃味造成很大的影响。从加香加料配方设计、烟用香料开发、特殊加香补偿技术三个方面,综述香精香料技术在中式低焦油卷烟制品香味补偿中的研究进展。     

国内行业简讯

●国务院已正式批复《西部大开发“十一五”规划》,国家发改委、国务院西部开发办领导称,国家鼓励外资和国内优势企业合作,共同发展包括特色农副产品深加工在内的六大特色优势产业。●国家认证认可监督管理委员会制定的《食品安全管理体系认证实施细则》于3月1日起施行。●国家烟草专卖局对全国卷烟工业企业使用的烟用香精香料产品进行了质量监督抽查,共抽查146家烟用香精香料供应企业生产的366个产品,合格342个,合格率93.4%。●吉化集团采用环保工艺新上的甲基香兰素项目,一期工程于2006年末、2007年初投产,项目全部建成后将成为国际最大、…     

红茶提取物挥发性成分GC/MS分析及在卷烟中的应用

为开发和丰富烟用天然香精香料,采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取正山小种红茶提取物挥发性成分,用GC/MS法对挥发性成分进行了分离鉴定,共鉴定出35种挥发性成分,主要有苯乙醛、香叶醇、芳樟醇及氧化物、苯乙醇、苯甲酸苄酯、棕榈酸乙酯、植醇、亚油酸乙酯、亚麻酸乙酯等。将该提取物用于卷烟加香,能够明显丰富烟香,减小刺激性和改善卷烟余味。     

气相色谱条件中固定液的选择

当今色谱技术发展的很快，如有毛细管色谱、高效液相色谱、毛itu管电泳等，但是，填充柱色谱出有它不可取代的地方，因为它经济实用。现在，我国下V的中小企业尚在使用的大都是填充柱色谱。就是设备较先进、经济实力较为雄厚的单位和研究部门、在摸索分析条件时也要先用填充柱色谱进行试验。基于我国色谱分析的现状，发展填充柱色谱技术是大有可为的。填充柱色谱具有经济实用、改变条件较灵活、适用范围广阔的优点，可是对初学者或是经验不丰富的人来说，使用起来就不会那么得心应手，这也就是我写此文章的目的所在，希望对这部分同志能有…     

超高效液相色谱法快速测定烟用香精香料中的甲醛和乙醛

建立了超高效液相色谱（UPLC）法同时测定烟用香精香料中甲醛和乙醛的分析方法。将烟用香精香料用去离子水-质量分数50%乙醇溶剂体系进行超声萃取15 min，在酸性条件下，经2,4-二硝基苯肼（DNPH）衍生化后，采用ACOUITY UPLC BEH C18柱（2.1 mm×100 mm×1.7μm）为分离柱，以乙腈-水为流动相，采用优化后的条件和二极管阵列检测器进行检测，分析时间为6.0 min。结果表明，甲醛、乙醛的回收率分别为104.33%和98.58%，相对标准偏差在2.3%～3.4%之间，该方法分析时间短、流动相消耗量少、结果准确可靠，适合于对香精香料中甲醛、乙醛的快速测定。     

气相色谱法测定甘油氯化反应中产品及中间体含量

使用气相色谱进行甘油制备环氧氯丙烷过程中产品以及中间体的定量分析。色谱柱为Dexsil-300填充柱,色谱分离在程序升温条件下进行。分别采用了面积归一化法、校正因子法与内标法对甘油、二氯丙醇以及一氯丙二醇进行了定量,并进行了比较。结果表明,使用Dexsil-300填充柱与毛细柱相比,分析时间短;内标法与其它两种方法相比,不受其它副产物影响,准确性高,重现性好。甘油、二氯丙醇及一氯丙二醇含量测定的相对标准偏差分别为1.06%,1.17%以及1.18%,回收率分别在98.70%～101.11%,98.17%～102.56%以及97.61%～102.88%之间,能够准确的反映反应进行的程度。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.