Der neue S‐Bahn‐Haltepunkt “Gottesacker” in Dortmund

The new suburban line stop Gottesacker in Dortmund. The new suburban line stop Gottesacker in Dortmund is an example for infrastructure‐planning where aesthetic qualities are determined by the exceptional form of the loadbearing structure. Transpareny, elegance and dynamic characterize the appearance of the steel structure. This article describes the conceptual design for the station, the structural design of the roof as well as its structural behaviour.     

Neubau von zwei Fuß‐ und Radwegbrücken in Dortmund

Construction of two urban pedestrian bridges in Dortmund. The construction of two urban pedestrian bridges in Dortmund was part of the project catalogue traffic for the world championship in 2006. Form as well as aesthetic qualities of both bridge structures are derived from pedestrian routes. The bridges form a sustainable investment into infrastructure and urban spaces. This article describes the conceptual design as well as the structural design including the structural behaviour of both bridges.     

德国多特蒙德凤凰旧工业区空间转型

介绍了德国鲁尔区多特蒙德市的凤凰旧工业区的转型案例——其转型前的背景、转型中从总体规划到建筑设计的各方面特点,及这些特点反映出多特蒙德对新产业引导政策、土地开发、土壤治理、自然环境修复、工业文化保护等各方面的考虑.     

Natural ventilation in high-rise buildings with double facades,saving or waste of energy

Double facades are built to allow natural ventilation in high-rise buildings and buildings with high outside noise levels. To evaluate the energetic performance, three buildings with double facades were monitored for at least 1 year (Siemens building in Dortmund, Victoria Insurance Company in Düsseldorf and RWE Tower in Essen). In one building all the air conditioning facilities had been removed and the facade replaced by a double façade, one building had cooling equipment without mechanical ventilation (concrete core tempered ceiling) and one building had cooling equipment combined with mechanical ventilation. The results document the indoor climate, the boundary conditions for further planning and the possibilities for high-rise buildings with no or only limited cooling facilities. The research was carried out at the University of Dortmund and founded by the state of Nordrhein–Westfahlen (AG-Solar).     

The ‘distinctiveness of cities’ and distinctions in cities: boundaries of belonging in comparative perspective

It is in cities where people are most strongly confronted with diversity in an ‘age of migration’. However, comparisons of local integration contexts usually take ethnic boundaries as given or assume that they are constituted by the nation state. Our analysis of local discourses challenges this methodological nationalism. Departing from the ‘distinctiveness of cities’ approach, we scrutinise how Frankfurt, Dortmund, Birmingham and Glasgow differ in how diversity is discursively constructed. We maintain that the discourses not only reflect different frames in dealing with diversity but also serve as a proxy for debating the self-image of the city.     

多特蒙德计划与多特蒙德城市转型

德国鲁尔区的经济振兴是资源型城市转型的成功案例,高科技产业已经取代煤炭开采、钢铁和啤酒生产成为城市的主导产业。多特蒙德计划对地方经济振兴起到了关键作用,其主要目标在强化多特蒙德作为德国IT,MEMS和电子物流产业中心的地位,并且通过高新技术的运用支持传统企业的改造和重组。通过对多特蒙德的实地考察,并在分析多特蒙德计划制定和实施过程的基础上,重点介绍了多特蒙德计划的核心部分科技园和科技中心在促进产业结构调整方面的经验,对上海市老工业基地改造具有一定的借鉴意义。     

城市转型规划与机制：国际经验思考

本文从城市转型的背景出发,将转型城市分为全球城市和工业城市两类。通过梳理作为全球城市代表案例的东京、伦敦和纽约,作为工业城市代表案例的曼彻斯特、匹兹堡、多特蒙德和埃森,文章剖析了两类城市经济结构、社会结构和空间结构的转型特点。文章进而分析了案例城市在转型中的功能定位、空间规划和实施策略,并总结了规划在城市转型中的作用。     

Nachträglicher Einbau von Stoßschutzanlagen an Binnenschiffsschleusen – Beispiele Schleusen Varloh und Bollingerfähr

Retrofitting impact protection systems in inland shipping locks examples Varloh and Bollingerfähr locks, Germany. Impact protection systems are a key element of the structural steel and mechanical engineering equipment of inland shipping locks. By avoiding collisions with the gates, they make a significant contribution to operational reliability and safety. These devices are mandatory for new locks. Retrofitting such equipment poses problems since they have to be integrated into the existing structure in a compatible manner. This paper explains the special problems involved on the basis of the Varloh and Bollingerfähr locks in the Dortmund‐Ems Canal as examples.     

供热采暖的多元化发展与节能设计

随着国民经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高,同时受环保和节能要求的制约,以及适应供热采暖收费制度改革的需要,建筑供热采暖正朝着多元化的方向发展。本文就常用的一些供热采暖方式进行分析对比,客观地评价各种供热采暖方式的优劣,为人们选择供热采暖方式,提出参考意见。     

Thermal and economical analysis of an underground seasonal storage heating system in Thrace

Economical analysis of the solar heating system with seasonal storage, which was established in Edirne (41°39′54″N) in order to provide the heat requirement of buildings, has been fulfilled. Optimum collector area for the heating system has been determined. Total heat requirement of 69% has been met by means of heating system concerning the space heating and domestic water heating. In the accordance with the results of the economical analysis, the payback time of the heating system has been determined as 19-20 years.     

鲁尔区的城市转型：多特蒙德和埃森的经验

鲁尔区是历史上著名的工业区，多特蒙德（Dortmund）和埃森（Essen）是鲁尔区城市群中的重要城市，其转型发展具有共性和各自特色。本文分析两个城市的转型路径、规划和重点项目，总结工业城市转型发展的规划策略。     

Exergoeconomic evaluation on the optimum heating circuit system of Simav geothermal district heating system

Simav is one of the most important 15 geothermal areas in Turkey. It has several geothermal resources with the mass flow rate ranging from 35 to 72 kg/s and temperature from 88 to 148 °C. Hence, these geothermal resources are available to use for several purposes, such as electricity generation, district heating, greenhouse heating, and balneological purposes. In Simav, the 5000 residences are heated by a district heating system in which these geothermal resources are used. Beside this, a greenhouse area of 225,000 m² is also heated by geothermal. In this study, the working conditions of the Simav geothermal district heating system have been optimized. In this paper, the main characteristics of the system have been presented and the impact of the parameters of heating circuit on the system are investigated by the means of energy, exergy, and life cycle cost (LCC) concepts. As a result, the optimum heating circuit has been determined as 60/49 °C.     

燃气热水器为热源的地板辐射供暖系统

介绍了壁挂式燃气热水器的结构及特点,对以壁挂式燃气热水器为热源的地板辐射供暖系统的结构、特点、经济性进行了分析。与燃油锅炉单体建筑物供暖系统、天然气锅炉单体建筑物供暖系统、电供暖系统相比,以壁挂式燃气热水器为热源的地板辐射供暖系统的工程造价最高、年运行费用最低。     

District heating system design for a university campus

İzmir Institute of Technology campus is in use since 2000 and still under development. At present, heating is provided by individual fuel boilers. On the other hand, the campus has a geothermal resource in its borders with a temperature of 33 °C. Because of this low geothermal fluid temperature; heat pump district heating system is considered for the campus. As an alternative, fuel boiler district heating system is studied. Each heating system is simulated using hourly outdoor temperature data. For the simulations, a control system with constant flow rate and variable return water temperature is used and the main control parameter is the indoor temperature. Various heating regime alternatives have been studied for heat pump district heating system for the various condenser outlet temperature and geothermal fluid flow rate, and two of these alternatives are given in this study. Furthermore, economic analysis has also been done for each heating system alternative based on investment and operational costs. Results indicate that heat pump district heating system has the highest investment but lowest operational cost.The alternatives are evaluated according to internal rate of return method, which shows the profit of the investment and resulted that, the heat pump district heating system has minimum 3.02% profit comparing with the fuel boiler district heating system at the end of the 20-year period.     

A simulation appraisal of performance of different HVAC systems in an office building

The article reports on a simulation appraisal of energy consumption, energy costs and environment impact of three systems used for space heating, and space cooling of an office building in Kragujevac, Serbia. Three investigated systems are (1) a system with a natural gas boiler and convective baseboard heaters for water space heating and window air conditioners for air space cooling; (2) a system with a natural gas boiler and individual air reheaters for air space heating and a chiller plant for air space cooling; and (3) an air-to-air heat pump for air space heating, and cooling. The systems are modeled and simulated by using EnergyPlus software. After simulations, it is found that the first investigated system has the highest energy efficiency, the best economy, and the lowest environmental impact. That is because of the fact that the first system has water as a heating medium and uses predominantly natural gas as fuel. However, in future, when for generation the grid electrical energy requires less primary energy, and becomes decarbonized, the third system would be best to conserve energy resources and environment.     

下送上回通风方式供冷与供暖运行性能比较

下送上回通风方式目前得到了广泛的研究应用,其供冷运行时就是置换通风,但同样一套通风系统在一些地区的寒冷季节则有可能需要作供暖运行.为了获得下送上回通风系统在分别作供冷与供暖运行时的具体性能参数,本文应用实验测试与计算流体力学(CFD)模拟的方法研究了置于环境实验室内的某办公环境.研究中分析比较了该办公环境内的空气速度、温度以及追踪气体污染物的浓度分布.研究结果表明,下送上回通风方式作供冷运行时空气温度及污染物浓度分层现象明显,空气处于半混合状态,置换效果较好;作供暖运行时,温度及污染物浓度趋于均匀,通风系统性能接近于混合送风系统,不具备良好的抑制交叉污染的能力.     

Experimental investigation and theoretical analysis of solar heating and humidification system with desiccant rotor

In this paper, a solar heating system, which combines the technologies of evacuated tube solar air collector and rotary desiccant humidification together, has been configured, tested and modeled. The system mainly includes 15 m² solar air collectors and a desiccant air-conditioning unit. Two operation modes are designed, namely, direct solar heating mode and solar heating with desiccant humidification mode. Performance model of the system has been created in TRNSYS. The objective of this paper is to check the applicability of solar heating and evaluate the feasibility and potential of desiccant humidification for improving indoor thermal comfort. Experimental results show that the solar heating system can convert about 50% of the received solar radiation for space heating on a sunny day in winter and increases indoor temperature by about 10 °C. Compared with direct solar heating mode, solar heating with desiccant humidification can increase the fraction of the time within comfort region from about 10% to 20% for standalone solar heating and from about 30% to 60% for solar heating with auxiliary heater according to seasonal analysis. It is confirmed that solar heating with desiccant humidification is promising and worthwhile being applied to improving indoor thermal comfort in heating season.     

Optimisation of a heat pump space heating system

Because the heat pump has a very high capital cost compared with other forms of space heating, and also because the peak space heating demand in the U.K. only occurs for a few hours in the year, it has become recognised practice to install low capital cost supplementary electric heating to meet peak demands. A technique is described which optimizes the mix of heat pump and supplementary capacity to minimize the total cost of operation. A simulation model is employed which uses a weather tape containing hourly outside air temperatures to generate a space heating demand profile for a building of known thermal characteristics. The technique specifically allows the examination of intermittent heating, and in this paper is applied to a small factory operating on a variety of shift patterns. This application is of particular interest because it considers the effect of maximum demand charges on the economics of heat pump space heating systems. It is concluded that the optimum heat pump capacity depends strongly upon the length of shift, and that optimum oversizing of the heat pump system for intermittent heating appears to be lower than for conventional heating systems as a result of maximum demand pricing.     

两种采暖方式的比较

通过对低温热水地板辐射采暖和风机盘管采暖两种采暖方式经济性和优劣性的比较,对石景山区图书馆工程采暖方式决定采用低温地板辐射供暖系统,此系统成本低、舒适感好,值得推广使用。     

URBAN PROBLEM DISCOURSES: UNDERSTANDING THE DISTINCTIVENESS OF CITIES

Despite the insistence in interpretive policy analysis that the discursive construction of problems must be understood in terms of their historical and spatial context, it remains an open question how cities provide such a context. We argue that cities as a distinct form of sociation enable certain (discursive) actions, while restricting others. Taking both the interest of interpretive policy analysis in the social construction of political reality and holistic concepts of approaching the distinctiveness of cities as starting points, we scrutinize how the cities of Frankfurt/Main, Dortmund, Birmingham, and Glasgow provide distinct contexts for the construction of local policy problems. Based on an inquiry into urban discourses we ask, first, how problematizations involve locally specific attributions of problem causes and responsibilities for problem solving and, second, how this is related to a locally distinct understanding of the city's past, present, and future.