52万t/a尿素装置中低温甲醇洗工艺流程及设计特点

介绍了国电赤峰化工一期工程52万t/a尿素项目配套的低温甲醇洗工艺流程,分析了该工艺流程的设计特点:采用真空鼓风机抽真空,提高了甲醇半贫液的贫度、CO2产品气的纯度;采用CO2吸收塔,可同时处理来自H2S吸收塔的脱硫气和甲烷转化装置来的转化气;变换气冷却器采用缠绕式换热器,可降低能耗等。生产实践表明,采用低温甲醇洗技术能够有效脱除酸性气体,且净化气质量稳定,可满足合成氨工段和生产尿素的需求。     

200kt/a焦炉气制甲醇装置的工艺流程设计概述

河北沧州200 kt/a焦炉气制甲醇项目,利用焦化装置副产的焦炉煤气,通过脱硫、纯氧转化及热回收、压缩、甲醇合成、精馏等工艺制取甲醇,本文简述了该焦炉气制甲醇装置工艺路线和各主要工段的工艺流程,阐述了该装置的设计技术特点和焦炉气制甲醇项目注意的要点。     

煤制合成天然气技术进展

介绍了甲烷合成工艺的发展历程。详细阐述了煤制天然气全流程工艺选择,分析不同煤气化工艺对煤耗、氧耗、后续变换和低温甲醇洗装置等的影响,通过比较,认为固定床气化工艺是制天然气原料气的最佳工艺选择。比较了中温甲烷合成工艺和高温甲烷合成工艺的特点,并对高温甲烷合成工艺流程不同工艺商之间的差别做了深入探讨,可为煤制天然气工程设计提供参考。     

硫回收装置常见问题分析及解决措施

硫回收装置采用三级克劳斯+超级克劳斯工艺处理低温甲醇洗工段的酸性气,将H2S转化为单质S.针对硫回收装置在运行过程中发生的设备腐蚀泄漏、液硫堵塞等问题,提出改造措施及改进操作,保证硫回收装置的正常稳定运行,使尾气达标排放.     

甲醇系统进水引起的事故简析

山西化肥厂合成氨装置是我国目前唯一的以鲁奇气化炉为龙头的制取合成氨的大型合成氨装置。其净化流程采用低温甲醇洗和液氮洗工艺,低温甲醇洗主要脱除硫化物和CO_2,液氮洗脱除CO和CH_4,脱除下来的CH_4再经转化制取合成原料气—H_2。流程     

基于甲烷化反应原理与特点的煤制天然气技术链优化构想

煤制天然气技术链复杂、各工段温度多次升降,造成整体能耗较高。甲烷化是煤制天然气技术链中的关键环节和核心工艺。基于甲烷化反应的原理与特点,以减少冷热交替和简化流程为目标,对煤制天然气技术链提出3个优化组合的构想:耐硫CO变换与耐硫甲烷化一体化、从低温甲醇洗工段向甲烷化工段补CO2、弃风/光制氢与甲烷化结合。耐硫变换与甲烷化一体化能够省去单独的变换工段,甲烷化后,工艺气体体积缩小,再进行脱硫脱碳,能降低设备尺寸;低温甲醇洗补碳至甲烷化工段,有利于更好地控制产品气中氢气的含量,提高产品气品质;弃风/光制氢与甲烷化结合,能省去变换单元和脱碳,使尽量多的碳转化为CH4产品,降低CO2排放。     

HT-L硫回收装置工艺优化及节能改造总结

正安徽晋煤中能化工股份有限公司年设计生产能力150 kt甲醇装置采用国内具有自主知识产权的航天炉(HT-L)粉煤加压气化技术,其硫回收装置采用了与低温甲醇洗脱硫相配套的直接氧化法工艺,该工艺最大特点是反应器的操作弹性大、硫回收效率高。硫回收装置长周期稳定运行是HT-L系统长周期稳定的重要组成部分,更是HT-L项目环保的重点。1装置概述由低温甲醇洗脱硫脱碳工段来的酸性气体及     

新建低温甲醇洗单元与现有装置的衔接

介绍安庆分公司合成氨原料油改煤工程中新建低温甲醇洗装置如何与现有甲烷化炉、二氧化碳压缩机、硫磺回收装置、污水处理装置的衔接,分析现有关装置的运行工况和将来低温甲醇洗装置的工艺工况,以及如何更好地进行衔接.     

低温甲醇洗工艺流程优化

冷量消耗及电耗是衡量低温甲醇洗装置能耗的重要指标。本文应用低温甲醇洗模拟程序对工艺流程进行优化调整。在确保技术可靠、操作稳定的基础上,在满足净化气的工艺指标、克劳斯气体的生产要求和尾气排放标准的前提下,优化后的低温甲醇洗流程具有有效气回收率高、运行费用低、克劳斯气体中H2S浓度高、节能环保等诸多优点,可为今后低温甲醇洗流程优化提供参考。     

低温甲醇洗工艺的技术优化

介绍了低温甲醇洗工艺流程设置及特点,结合项目的实际情况对低温甲醇洗工艺进行了优化调整,在确保技术可靠、操作稳定的基础上,进一步优化装置能耗、降低操作费用、缩减装置投资,并为同等规模低温甲醇洗流程设置提供参考。     

Innovene工艺与Horizone工艺的比较

介绍了Innovene和Hoirzone两种气相法聚丙烯(PP)工艺的概况,对两种工艺进行了对比。Horizone工艺采用的THC系列催化剂经预处理后各项性能优于Innovene工艺所用的CD型催化剂;在Innovene工艺反应器基础上,Horizone工艺的反应器增加了循环气喷嘴数量、搅拌桨叶数量以及内部构件,更有利于平稳生产;Horizone工艺通过简化气锁程序、增加深冷单元、优化工艺流程等方式,使在反应器内直接合成的抗冲击共聚PP的熔体流动速率高达26.00 g/10min;Innovene工艺的控制过程引入了生产负荷和产率比,自动化控制程度较Horizone工艺高;两种工艺的单耗基本持平,但Innovene工艺的循环水、电单耗和蒸汽单耗低于Horizone工艺。     

干法乙炔脱硫

论述了干法乙炔生产中去除乙炔气体中H2S杂质的工艺计算和工艺指标的控制,解决了干法乙炔清净不合格的问题。     

组合式旋流干燥与旋风干燥工艺技术对比

分别从工艺技术方案、设备投资与能耗、生产过程控制及产品质量4个方面对目前世界上最先进的两种聚氯乙烯干燥技术进行对比,组合式旋流干燥在工艺技术方案上具有更大的合理性及优越性,设备投资少,能耗低,操作弹性大,对离心机下料含水及蒸流压力范围要求较宽。     

本体法与悬浮法聚氯乙烯生产工艺和应用的比较

对悬浮法和本体法PVC树脂生产方法进行了分析比较，并对2种方法制得的PVC树脂质量作了剖析，指出了本体法PVC树脂的优点和用途，以及对今后国内市场的作用。     

夹层玻璃及其制造技术

夹层玻璃的概念 夹层玻璃通常是由两片或两片以上玻璃经透明的弹性胶片在一定温度压力条件下牢固黏合而成的多层结构玻璃制品。用于制造夹层玻璃的玻璃原片可以是普通平板玻璃,也可以是钢化玻璃、半钢化破璃、镀膜玻璃、吸热玻璃、热弯玻璃等特种玻璃。玻璃层间的有机胶片材料常用的有PVB（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）、有机硅、聚氨酯等。夹层玻璃具有...     

Statistical process monitoring based on dissimilarity of process data

Multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) has been widely used for monitoring chemical processes with highly correlated variables. In this work, a novel statistical process monitoring method is proposed based on the idea that a change of operating condition can be detected by monitoring a distribution of process data, which reflects the corresponding operating conditions. To quantitatively evaluate the difference between two data sets, a dissimilarity index is introduced. The monitoring performance of the proposed method, referred to as DISSIM, and that of the conventional MSPC method are compared with their applications to simulated data collected from a simple 2 × 2 process and the Tennessee Eastman process. The results clearly show that the monitoring performance of DISSIM, especially dynamic DISSIM, is considerably better than that of the conventional MSPC method when a time-window size is appropriately selected.     

Computer-aided process intensification of natural gas to methanol process

The recent revolution in shale gas has presented opportunities for distributed manufacturing of key commodity chemicals, such as methanol, from methane. However, the conventional methane-to-methanol process is energy intensive which negatively affects the profitability and sustainability. We report an intensified process configuration that is both economically attractive and environmentally sustainable. This flowsheet is systematically discovered using the building block-based representation and optimization methodology. The new process configuration utilizes membrane-assisted reactive separations and can have as much as 190% higher total annual profit compared to a conventional configuration. Additionally, it has 57% less CO₂-equivalent greenhouse gas emission. Such drastic improvement highlights the advantages of building block-based computer-aided process intensification method.     

加氢法制备邻氯苯胺的工艺研究

介绍了加氢法制备邻氯苯胺小试、中试的过程。试验数据表明,加氢法比铁粉还原法的产品质量好,且在环保方面有优势。     

聚酯工艺塔喷淋水喷淋流程改造

介绍本聚合装置的高温酯化蒸气在余热利用中增加溴化锂制冷机后,对原来的工艺塔的喷淋流程有改动,导致溢流出去的酯化废水温度偏高,使汽提塔效率下降;回水泵出现故障后,会迅速影响工艺塔的运行状况,切换到原来流程操作复杂,造成酯化釜压力、液位波动。为此对流程重新改造后,能保证工艺塔、汽提塔的运行正常,减少工艺塔波动对酯化反应的影响。     

Effects of process parameters on the micro molding process

The trend towards miniaturization has brought about strong demand for increasingly smaller precision‐molded plastic components. In order to control metering accuracy and homogeneity of the very small quantities of melt in the micro molding process, new micro molding machines that use an injection system comprising a screw extruder and a plunger injection unit have been developed. By use of such injection systems, standard plastic granules can be handled by the screw extruder and melt accuracy can be achieved by the electrically driven injection plunger. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of the process parameters on the micro molding process and part quality. A series of micro gears were molded using a polyoxymethylene resin in a set of statistically designed experiments. Micro component inspection, characterization, and data analysis work was carried out to study the molded gears. It was found that metering size and holding pressure time are the process parameters that have the most significant effects on part quality, and that the process is also significantly affected by the interaction of these two parameters. There is an optimum metering size range in which the hold pressure can act together with the metering size to properly fill micro mold cavities.