UV光固化涂料及其研究进展

介绍了UV光固化涂料的特点及固化机理,并对紫外光固化涂料中的光引发剂、活性单体、低聚物等方面进行了综述。详细介绍了紫外光固化涂料的主要品种,包括UV光固化油性涂料、UV光固化水性涂料、UV光固化粉末涂料阐述了紫外光固化涂料的研究进展。     

紫外光固化改性水性聚氨酯树脂的合成与性能研究

以聚乙二醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸、丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯为原料合成了一组紫外光固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂(PUA),考察了不同条件对合成反应的影响,研究改性聚氨酯涂层的光固化性能。结果表明:合成的改性聚氨酯树脂可作为水性紫外光固化涂料,光引发剂用量为3%、活性稀释剂TMPTA30%时光固化效果好。     

UV固化多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的制备与性能研究

以丙烯酸羟乙酯和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体合成了多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)预聚物,并结合紫外光(UV)技术制备了光固化涂料。讨论了PUA预聚物、复合活性稀释剂PET3A和TPGDA的用量、复合光引发剂184和TPO的用量对UV固化材料性能的影响。并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重分析及紫外-可见光谱对UV固化涂膜的结构和性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,当PUA预聚物的质量分数为60%、复合活性稀释剂用量为28%、复合光引发剂为6%时,UV固化涂膜的性能最佳,其固化时间为28 s,硬度达4H,柔韧性为2 mm,附着力为1级;且耐热性较好,在750 nm波长下透光率达95%以上。     

改性光引发剂和优化光固化工艺制备低VOC涂料

为了降低光引发剂固化前后释放的味道,一方面通过多官能团的异氰酸酯预聚物对其进行改性,制备环保型光引发剂;另一方面,研究光引发剂在漆膜中的光解反应动力学,优化光固化工艺来减少漆膜的气味。通过正交试验优化低VOC紫外光固化涂料的配方为:25%的环氧丙烯酸树脂、43%的聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂、22%的二官能团活性稀释剂、7%的三官能团活性稀释剂、3%的改性光引发剂。优化的UV光固化涂装工艺参数为:膜厚50μm,UV灯管功率为1 k W,传送带速率为1 m/min。制备的涂料和漆膜几乎没有气味,漆膜的VOC排放为0.5%,且漆膜性能较佳,适用于环保木器UV涂料及其涂装。     

UV固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的研制及其应用

以丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)、1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)三聚体为主要原料合成低相对分子质量三官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)低聚物,以该低聚物为主体树脂,添加活性稀释剂、丙烯酸共聚体系、光引发剂及其他涂料助剂制成紫外光(UV)固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料。同时对UV固化膜性能进行研究,分别讨论了主体树脂含量、活性稀释剂含量、丙烯酸体系含量及光引发剂含量对UV固化涂膜性能的影响,进而对涂料不同组分的种类及配比进行优化,确定了紫外光(UV)固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的工艺配方,研究结果表明:该涂料的玻璃化温度(Tg)为60.9℃,涂膜具有较好的综合性能。     

环保型木器涂料

介绍水性和紫外光固化两类环保型木器涂料及其研究进展。水性木器涂料主要为丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯两大类，其研究进展集中表现为乳液改性，包括自交联、共混共聚、微乳液等；紫外光固化木器涂料包括其光固化树脂、活性稀释剂和光引发剂的功能及进展；指出研究新型乳液以提高水性木器涂料涂膜的表面性能，开发新型原材料以降低紫外光固化木器涂料的成本、扩大适应范围将成为今后环保型木器涂料的研究重点。     

PET膜用UV固化涂料的配制及涂层性能研究

以聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯(PUA)为主体,进行了PET膜用UV固化涂料配制及涂层性能研究。对PUA低聚物进行了筛选,探讨了低聚物结构对涂层附着力、硬度、柔韧性等性能的影响,以及活性稀释剂、光引发剂的种类、配比、用量等因素对涂层性能的影响。获得了较适宜的PET膜用UV固化涂料配方:低聚物采用5#树脂,其用量为总量的48.0%;活性稀释剂组成为m(TMPTA)∶m(TPGDA)=1∶1,其用量为总量的48.0%;光引发剂组成为m(Darocur1173)∶m(Irgacure 184)=2∶1,其用量为总量的3.2%。经测试,制得的涂膜附着力达100%,硬度3H,柔韧性2 mm,耐酒精擦拭大于150次,可满足PET保护膜硬化处理应用要求。     

UV固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的合成及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、新戊二醇(NPG)和季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)等为主要原料,采用溶液聚合法合成了PUA(聚氨酯丙烯酸酯)低聚物;然后以此为基体树脂,通过探讨低聚物、活性稀释剂、光引发剂和助剂含量等对涂膜性能的影响,优选出制备UV(紫外光)固化PUA涂料的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明:当w(PUA低聚物)=57%、w(活性稀释剂)=35%和w(光引发剂)=6%(均相对于涂料质量而言)时,该涂料具有相对较好的综合性能,其UV辐照50 s后即可固化,相应胶膜的硬度为3H、柔韧性为3 mm、附着力为1级且具有较高的耐热性。     

新型硫杂蒽酮类光引发剂在水性光固化涂料中的应用

采用自行研制的硫杂蒽酮类光引发剂2-羟基-3-(2-硫杂蒽酮氧基)丙基三甲基氯化铵(TX2)引发水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)涂料在紫外光照射条件下固化。分别用FT-IR光谱法和凝胶含量法分析了光固化过程,同时还研究了干燥条件、光引发剂TX2的用量、助引发剂叔胺的类型、叔胺的用量对紫外光固化速度的影响。结果表明:TX2的光固化速度较快,在30 s内基本固化完全;涂料薄膜在光固化前要预先干燥除水,干燥温度为90℃;当TX2的用量为3.0%(质量分数),助引发剂N,N-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯(EDAB)的用量为2.0%时,可以得到较快的光固化速度。采用上述工艺和条件得到的固化膜硬度可达4H,附着力可达1级。     

无机型人造石表面紫外光固化涂膜研究

以KH-550为打底液对无机型人造石表面进行预处理,然后以紫外光固化涂料罩光.讨论了低聚物和活性稀释单体的组成、消泡剂种类和KH-550的用量对人造石表面紫外光固化涂膜性能的影响.结果表明,以质量分数为3%的KH-550对人造石表面进行预处理后,按低聚物55%,活性稀释单体40%,光引发剂和助剂分别为4%和1%的质量分...     

UV-curable hyperbranched urethane acrylate oligomers modified with different fatty acids

The UV-curable hyperbranched urethane acrylate oligomers modified with different fatty acids including undecylenic acid (UCA), myristic acid (MA), and oleic oil (OA) are successfully synthesized in this paper. The prepared oligomers are characterized using FTIR, ¹HNMR, GPC, DSC, and TGA. The properties of the UV-curable films formed by these oligomers are also determined. The effects of the oligomer structures including double bond content, chain length of the modified fatty acids, and content of fatty acid and polyurethane acrylate segment, on the properties of the cured films, which are tack-free time, pencil hardness, impact resistance, adhesion, and boiling water resistance, are discussed in detail. It is observed that the curing film formed by HBPE₂-60%UCA-20%PUA shows the best comprehensive performance among the films prepared in this study.     

Facile synthesis of a castor oil-based hyperbranched acrylate oligomer and its application in UV-curable coatings

Fabrication and performance of the castor oil (CO)-based hyperbranched acrylate (C20AA) UV-curable coatings are highlighted in this work. Herein, C20AA was obtained through a facile reaction of a castor oil-based hyperbranched polyol (C20) with acrylic acid. FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectra confirmed the synthesis of the target C20AA. Subsequently, the as-prepared C20AA was employed for crosslinking a commercialized linear polyurethane acrylate (PUA) UV-curable oligomer. Specifically, by varying the content of C20AA over the range of 0, 20, 40, and 60 wt%, a series of UV-curable coatings were prepared and coded as C20AA-0, C20AA-20, C20AA-40, and C20AA-60, respectively, which were further cured under UV irradiation. The effect of C20AA loadings on the UV-curing efficiency and final polymer performance were investigated. Consequently, the tensile strength, Shore D hardness, pencil hardness, gel content, water resistance, and glass-transition temperature of the UV-cured coatings were greatly improved upon the addition of C20AA. Impressively, with the incorporation of 40 wt% C20AA, the resultant UV-cured coating exhibited highest double bond conversion, superior chemical resistance, and good flexibility. Additionally, all of the coatings showed outstanding transparency and good surface microstructures.     

The utilization of carbon nitride to reinforce the mechanical and thermal properties of UV-curable waterborne polyurethane acrylate coatings

The waterborne polyurethane-acrylate (WPUA and Wsi-PUA) oligomers were prepared by anionic self-emulsifying method, using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), vinyl hydroxyl silicone oil (VHSO) and hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) as raw materials. Then, a series of UV-curable waterborne Wsi-PUA–C₃N₄ composites containing different content of g-C₃N₄ were obtained with oligomer and photoinitiator Darocur 1173. FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM, and TGA were employed to investigate the structure, morphology and thermal property of the Wsi-PUA–C₃N₄ composite films. The effect of g-C₃N₄ content on the performance was also investigated. The mechanical performance, water resistance and gel content of UV-PUA films were measured. It was found that with g-C₃N₄ particle was introduced into Wsi-PUA oligomer, the hardness, tensile strength, gel content, water resistance and thermal stability of composite films were significantly augmented. Moreover, when the content of g-C₃N₄ was 1.0 wt.%, the UV-curable film had the best mechanical property. The obtained composite is promising for a number of applications, e.g., for protecting the surfaces of metal and wood.     

Preparation and properties of novel high performance UV-curable epoxy acrylate/hyperbranched polysiloxane coatings

Novel high performance UV-curable coatings based on epoxy acrylate (EA) oligomer and hyperbranched polysiloxane (HPSi) were prepared, the effect of HPSi on the processing of uncured EA/HPSi system and integrated performance of cured resins is evaluated. Results show that a small addition of HPSi can greatly decrease the viscosity of EA oliogmer, while the viscosity almost does not reduces as the content of HPSi continuously increases owing to the interaction between HPSi and EA oligomer. The integrated performance of cured resins is closely related with the content of HPSi, those resins with suitable contents of HPSi have significantly improved toughness and stiffness as well as thermal and moisture resistance. The origin of all these changes in macro-performance are investigated and proved to be resulted from the variety in the chemical structure and crosslinking density induced by the addition of HPSi. These attractive features of EA/HPSi resins suggest that HPSi is an effective multi-functional diluent for UV-curable EA resin, and the method proposed herein is a new approach to develop high performance UV-curable coatings, solvent-free resins, etc., for cutting-edge industries.     

高固体份水稀释型聚氨酯丙烯酸酯黏度的影响因素

为了进一步提高水性UV光固化树脂的固含量,以甲苯二异氰酸酯为硬段,聚醚二元醇及聚乙二醇为软段,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水性物质,丙烯酸羟丙酯和季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯为封端剂,三乙胺为中和剂等,合成了固含量约为80%的水稀释型聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚物,探讨了软段类型及软段的相对分子质量、-NCO/-OH物质的量比、DMPA的加料顺序及加入量、内交联剂含量、COOH含量等因素对聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的黏度、涂膜性能的影响,同时对制备的产品进行光固化、拉伸强度、红外光谱(FTIR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析。结果表明,COOH含量并不是决定预聚物黏度的唯一因素,小分子量的二醇、n(-NCO):n(-OH)在1.7~1.8、DMPA集中在硬段或软段、15%三羟甲基丙烷更有利于降低黏度,而制备的漆膜性能良好,硬度可达H,柔韧性2 mm,最快固化时间2 s,最大拉伸强度11.88 MPa,最大断裂伸长率达21.4%。制得的水性UV光固化涂料的水分减少了目前市面上同类产品的60%以上,降低了涂装时对湿度和干燥时间的要求。     

Boron-containing UV-curable oligomer-based linseed oil as flame-retardant coatings: synthesis and characterization

A boron-containing UV-curable oligomer was derived from linseed oil, phenylboronic acid and glycidyl methacrylate to use in flame-retardant coating applications. The synthesized UV-curable oligomer was characterized for its structural and physicochemical properties by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ¹H and ¹¹B-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques. The boron-containing UV-curable oligomer (BELO) was added to a conventional polyurethane acrylate (PUA) at varying concentrations ranging from 10 to 40 wt% in the presence of a photoinitiator and a reactive diluent. LOI and UL-94 tests were performed to understand the flame-retardancy behavior of the synthesized BELO oligomer, and the results revealed that the flame retardancy of UV-curable coatings enhanced as the percentage of BELO oligomer in the coating formulations increased. The glass transition temperature (T_g) and thermal stability of cured coatings were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The TGA analysis showed that char yield at 600 °C increased by increasing the BELO oligomer content. The mechanical properties, and stain, solvent, and chemical resistance and thermal behavior of the coatings were investigated. Incorporation of BELO into the PUA coating formulations and the comparison of the properties of BELO-incorporated PUA coatings with those of the conventional PUA coating exhibited interesting results.     

Hydrophilic UV-curable PU resins for PET micro-fiber applications

Hydrophilic UV-curable PU oligomers (UV-PU) were prepared by mixing either the toluene diisocyanates (TDI) with polyethylene glycol-1000, or the isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with polypropylene glycol-1000 and dimethylol propanic acid (DMPA), to produce the desired carboxylic acid bearing or non-ionic PU oligmer (NCO-PU), separately. The 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was then added into the NCO-PU oligomer to form acrylate-terminated (UV-curable) PU oligomer (UV-PU). The reactive diluents, such as 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), trimethylolpropane tricarylate (TMPTA) and others were used to adjust the viscosity of UV-PU and to control the concentration of acrylic group. The hydrophilic UV-curable PU system was formulated and applied on PET micro-fiber and then cured by an UV-radiation at ambient temperature. The physical, thermal, and mechanical properties, in particular, the hydrophilic properties of UV-curable PU treated PET micro-fibers will be discussed.     

UV-curable waterborne polyurethane-acrylate: preparation, characterization and properties

The waterborne polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) oligomer was firstly prepared based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether polyol (NJ-210), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) via in situ and anionic self-emulsifying method. The UV-curable polyurethane-acrylate (UV-PUA) was obtained with oligomer, monomers (BA and TPGDA) and photoinitiator Darocur 1173. FT-IR, DSC and TGA were employed to investigate the structures and thermal properties of the UV-PUA films. The effects of BA/TPGDA (R) value, the content of Darocur 1173 and the UV curing time on the performances were investigated. Some mechanical performances, solvent resistance and the gel content of UV-PUA films were measured. When the ratio of BA/TPGDA was 5/5, the UV-PUA film had the best solvent (water, alkali and ethanol) resistances. Besides, with the ratio of the BA/TPGDA increasing, the surface drying time increased. When the content of Darocur 1173 was 4%, the gel content achieved the maximum while the surface drying time achieved the minimum. The obtained UV-curable polyurethane-acrylates are promising as oligomers for UV-curable coatings, plastics, inks and adhesives.     

具有紫外光固化的氨基丙烯酸酯的合成研究

通过醚交换的方法合成了一种可以在紫外光辐射下固化的丙烯酸酯的氨基低聚物(树脂),研究了在不同的反应温度、催化剂种类和用量、以及醚化程度对合成低聚物成膜性能的影响。研究表明:在强酸A和磷酸的丁醇混合溶液的催化下,在50～100℃的负压下两阶段反应,合成具有六官能团的氨基丙烯酸酯低聚物。