高大厂房通风装置的价值工程评价

概括性地回顾了有余热的高大厂房、车间的通风方式 在对通风装置进行全面的功能分析并合理确定权数的基础上 ,利用价值工程有关原理建立了高大厂房通风装置评价新模型 ,并对该模型进行了分析和评价 ,同时通过工程实例验证了模型的有效性 运用该模型对几种通风装置进行了分析评价 ,发现屋顶通风器对高大厂房全面自然排风效果好 ,消除余热十分有效 ,符合可持续发展原理 ,为通风工程优化设计提供了依据 ,并指出了通风装置发展的方向     

某高能束加速器CT检测厂房暖通空调系统设计

针对某工业高能束加速器CT检测厂房的供暖、通风、空调系统的设计要点及辐射防护措施进行了详细探讨，介绍了直线加速器室臭氧防护通风换气量、补风方式、进排风系统的设置及厂房其他区域的通风要求。     

某绿色工业建筑室内环境控制的实践

从室内温度、颗粒物和噪声3个方面介绍了该项目对室内环境的要求。详细分析了采用的措施及控制效果。结果表明,通过采用燃气辐射供暖设备、高性能保温围护结构、设计合理的通风系统,保证了生产车间在冬、夏、过渡季适宜的室内温度;通过设置粉尘捕集设备及阻断室内污染源,室内污染物的控制效果良好;通过工艺降噪、厂房围护结构降噪及个人防护装备,减少了噪声对室内人员健康的影响。     

火力发电厂供暖通风空调系统的现状及发展趋势

回顾了我国火力发电行业及供暖通风空调系统的发展历程,分析了火力发电厂供暖通风空调系统功能、特点,介绍了火力发电厂的全厂供暖、车间供暖、主厂房全面通风、电气设备间通风、集中空调系统、除尘系统现状。认为应不断采用新技术、新设备,选择适合当地条件的通风方式,采取粉尘综合治理措施,开展节能研究。     

油田联合站利用污水余热供暖的可行性分析

本文介绍了油田余热资源状况和利用情况以及联合站办公厂房供暖现状．给出了直接用电脱水器分离出污水余热供暖方案和热泵系统利用一次沉降罐分离出污水余热供暖方案．并对两个技术方案进行了技术经济性分析．结果表明，油田联合站利用污水余热供暖从技术上和经济上是可行的，它能够带来良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

污水处理厂中某些典型厂房的通风设计

对多个污水处理厂的调研发现,鼓风机房、空压机房及变配电室等散热型厂房和污泥浓缩脱水机房、粗格栅及细格栅等臭气集中散发的厂房通风系统问题较为突出。针对运行中出现的问题,总结分析某些典型厂房内通风设计的要点,包括通风系统形式、通风量及气流组织等,为工程设计提供一定的指导。结果表明,不同类型厂房通风设计方法各异。散热型厂房以排除室内余热为主,且通风换气量受地域影响较大;臭气散发厂房应密切结合除臭系统设计,与工艺处理方式密切相关;其余以排除余热、余湿为主的厂房,通风量一般较小,应充分考虑厂房的建筑布置。     

油漆车间厂房通风设计要点

通过对油漆车间厂房通风系统的实例分析，提供了合理选取正压送风量的一种方法。提出控制内部污染和维护厂房正压对保证空气洁净度同等重要，设计中应特别注意厂房内部的气流组织。     

工业厂房内变配电室通风设计

分析了变配电室通风的必要性,介绍了变配电室通风量的计算方法,并结合某工业厂房二层楼面变配电室通风系统的设计实例,针对一层厂房热空气浮力上升现象,提出了厂房二楼平面变配电室需正压送风的方法,并作了阐述,以达到消除余热效果。     

地下水电站主厂房通风空调系统设计风量的确定

归纳了地下水电站厂房的布置及其通风空调系统的通风流程特点,并分析了地下水电站厂房的通风与其他建筑的区别。总结了目前空气处理方案的8种类型,并阐述了系统设计风量的影响因素,推导出各种空气处理方案与通风流程所对应的系统设计风量及空气处理设备冷量的确定方法。建议实际工程中应根据室外进风参数、室内设计参数及厂内不同场所的余热比例等因素,合理选择空气处理方案和确定系统设计风量。     

邢台利用隧道窑余热供暖

本刊讯近日,河北省邢台市新兴墙材有限公司利用耐火材料烧成燃气隧道窑余热供暖改造工程竣工,并开始向职工宿舍、生产车间及办公楼供暖。经测试,各系统设施运行正常,室温稳定在20℃左右。     

Primary energy implications of ventilation heat recovery in residential buildings

In this study, we analyze the impact of ventilation heat recovery (VHR) on the operation primary energy use in residential buildings. We calculate the operation primary energy use of a case-study apartment building built to conventional and passive house standard, both with and without VHR, and using different end-use heating systems including electric resistance heating, bedrock heat pump and district heating based on combined heat and power (CHP) production. VHR increases the electrical energy used for ventilation and reduces the heat energy used for space heating. Significantly greater primary energy savings is achieved when VHR is used in resistance heated buildings than in district heated buildings. For district heated buildings the primary energy savings are small. VHR systems can give substantial final energy reduction, but the primary energy benefit depends strongly on the type of heat supply system, and also on the amount of electricity used for VHR and the airtightness of buildings. This study shows the importance of considering the interactions between heat supply systems and VHR systems to reduce primary energy use in buildings.     

LCA-based environmental assessment of the use and maintenance of heating and ventilation systems in Dutch dwellings

Buildings contribute significantly to the human-induced environmental burden. This comes not only from construction and demolition but also from activities throughout the operational phase – building maintenance and energy use for climate control. This paper describes how life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology can be applied to quantitatively assess the environmental performance of the use and maintenance of heating and ventilation systems. The studied climate systems include individual non-condensing boilers, condensing boilers and heat pumps on exhaust air for heating and hot tap water combined with either collective mechanical exhaust ventilation or individual balanced ventilation with heat recovery. This study shows that a heat pump causes the highest environmental burden of all the assessed climate systems due to the electricity needed for operation, high material content of the system and the refrigerant used. If the electricity used by the heat pump is generated fully by local photovoltaic cells, environmental performance will improve, but not for all environmental impact categories. Climate systems that reduce energy demand for heating, such as ventilation with heat recovery, will reduce the environmental impact related to energy use for space heating. However, if the electricity used to operate the system increases, along with the material content of the systems and distribution networks, other environmental impact categories than those related to space heating will also increase. Finally, maintenance frequency and related transportation of maintenance workers have a marginal effect on total environmental impact.     

卷烟厂空调系统全年负荷特性与理想热湿处理系统分析

空调系统节能是烟草行业节能的重点之一.本文以某卷烟厂为模型、以杭州为例,进行了负荷计算,总结得出了卷烟厂不同车间空调系统的全年负荷特性,主要包括全年供冷需求时间长、联合工房同时存在冷热需求、不同车间末端需求多样化、同一车间不同季节的负荷特性存在差异等.在此基础上,对其理想的热湿处理过程进行了简单分析,这一过程应尽量避免冷热抵消和额外的再热能耗、末端应调节灵活、同时应可以充分利用自然冷源以及实现建筑冷热回收等.     

Conversion of electric heating in buildings: An unconventional alternative

To decrease the electric energy used for heating buildings it has become desirable to convert direct electrical heating to other heat sources. This paper reports on a study of the possibility of using an unconventional method for conversion to avoid installing an expensive hydronic system. The conversion method combines the ventilation and heating systems and uses air instead of water for distribution of heat within the building, taking advantage of thermal forces and the special properties of gravity currents. Full-scale tests have been carried out in a test apartment inside a laboratory hall where the conditions could be controlled. Temperatures and efficiency of ventilation have been measured to ensure that the demands with respect to thermal climate and air exchange were fulfilled. The results show that it is possible to use the method for heating and ventilation when converting the heating system, but further work has to be done to develop a detailed solution that works in practice.     

公共建筑暖通节能设备的研制及应用

目前,我国北方分户热计量节能改造迫在眉睫,对于集中供暖的公共建筑节能改造仍处于探索阶段.初步估算这部分公共建筑能耗浪费高迭40%以上.针对公共建筑采暖能耗浪费严重的现象,提出并研制公共建筑暖通节能改造装置,适用于既有公共建筑多种形式的集中供热采暖系统.可依据楼层设置阀门开度,实现层间平衡,解决热力失调,可依据作息时间(包括节假日)设定阀门调节时间,从而实现节能.初步测试节能效果显著的,可节约能源20%以上.     

中小型游泳馆无送热风暖通系统节能设计

以天津市某小型室内游泳馆为研究对象,计算了冬季带送热风的供暖通风系统的通风热负荷及其占总热负荷的比例。提出无送热风供暖通风系统方案,对室内空气设计参数的确定,围护结构、供暖通风系统的节能设计进行了探讨。为保证距地面2m以下空间内人员活动区的舒适度和防止围护结构结露,应采用散热器＋地板辐射供暖系统。围护结构结露可通过对金属构件施镀防腐层,设置墙体的保温、隔气层及涂抹防结露、防霉变的特种涂料等方法解决,设置通风系统仅是为了保证馆内空气品质。     

湖南平和堂商厦的空调设计

该商厦是一座功能齐全的商留建筑，中日合资兴建，简述了该工程的通风，空调，防排烟设计，重点介绍冷热源设计特点，根据环境和工程特点，选用2台水冷式离心机，另选4台风冷热泵式冷热水机组用于冬季供暖及夏季部分负荷时的调节，工程投入运行后效果良好，达到了设计要求。     

某办公写字楼暖通空调设计经验

结合工程实例,从集中冷源及空调水系统、空调冷冻水系统、空调自控系统、热源及采暖系统、通风系统、防火排烟系统等方面对该办公写字楼暖通空调方面的设计过程进行了阐述,同时指出了设计中的不足之处,以供其他工程参考。     

Energy saving in buildings by using the exhaust and ventilation air for cooling of photovoltaic panels

A building integrated photovoltaic-thermal (BIPVT) setup has been developed for using the cooling potential of ventilation and exhaust airs in buildings for cooling the photovoltaic (PV) panels and also heating the ventilation air by heat rejection of PV panels. The setup has been tested numerically for the Kerman city located in Kerman province in the south of Iran. Results showed that, the exhaust and ventilation airs in heating ventilating air conditioning systems can be used as the cooling fluid of the PV panels and increase their efficiency. On the other hand, the heat rejection of the PV panels could provide some part of the ventilation air heating load.     

Modeling of a solar-assisted HVAC system with thermal storage

A numerical model of the solar-thermal-assisted heating, ventilation and air conditioning system in a 7000 m² educational building, situated in a high-desert climate, is used to predict performance and optimize control parameters. Heating, cooling and shoulder seasons are considered in the study. It is found that the solar assist can account for over 90% of the total heating requirements if certain energy conservation strategies are adopted. The solar cooling assist can reduce the total external cooling energy requirement by between 33% and 43%, the latter result achieved, surprisingly, at lower solar array operating temperatures. In the shoulder season, it is possible to operate the building without any external contribution, by heating the building in the coldest hours of the day, and using any excess heat to produce chilled water, to be stored and used when required. Operation of the solar-assisted system within a much larger district energy system makes it possible to achieve maximum performance.