可溶性转铁蛋白受体评价中国育龄期妇女缺铁性贫血临界值的研究

目的比较中国居民育龄期妇女缺铁性贫血人群与铁营养状况正常人群血浆可溶性转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)水平,并确定sTfR在评价缺铁性贫血时的适宜临界值。方法从2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查采集的静脉血液样本中随机抽取251名铁营养状况正常的育龄期妇女作为正常对照组,224名缺铁性贫血的育龄期妇女作为病例组,采用酶联免疫法检测两组人群sTfR水平,并采用ROC曲线法探讨其评估缺铁性贫血的最佳临界值。结果缺铁性贫血组与正常对照组血浆sTfR浓度分别为(42.67±20.29)nmol/L和(21.08±6.70)nmol/L,缺铁性贫血组sTfR水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。采用ROC曲线法确定sTfR判断缺铁性贫血的最佳临界点为25nmol/L。结论中国育龄期妇女缺铁性贫血人群血浆sTfR水平高于铁营养状况正常人群。     

HFE基因突变在我国成年男性人群的分布

目的:了解遗传性血色素沉积症(HFE)基因突变在铁过量人群和铁营养状况正常人群的分布,探讨HFE基因突变对我国成年男性铁过量状况的影响。方法:从2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查采集的静脉血液样本中随机抽取226名铁营养状况正常的成年男性作为正常对照组,331名铁过量的成年男性作为铁过量组,比较两组人群HFE基因C282Y突变、H63D突变和S65C突变的分布。结果:在铁过量组,正常基因型占90.03%,H63D突变纯合子占0.60%,H63D突变杂合子占9.07%,S65C突变杂合子占0.30%,未检测到C282Y突变杂合和纯合基因型。在正常对照组,正常基因型占94.25%,H63D突变杂合子占5.75%,未检测到S65C突变和C282Y突变。结论:HFE基因突变不是造成我国成年男性铁过量的主要原因。     

抗苗勒氏管激素在PCOS、POF、正常人群之间的差异

目的:探讨抗苗勒氏管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)、卵巢早衰(POF)、正常人群中的表达差异。方法:收集PCOS患者124例、POF患者30例和正常人群(对照组)30例,测定入选对象的血清AMH水平及性激素水平,同时登记月经史、身高、体重进行比较。结果:AMH水平在PCOS组(13.23±5.20)ng/ml是正常对照组(6.27±2.79)ng/ml的2.11倍,正常对照组AMH水平是POF组(2.98±1.98)ng/ml的2.10倍;3组AMH水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:AMH水平能反映卵巢储备状态。     

铁缺乏儿童血清转铁蛋白受体的变化及对铁干预的反应

目的观察血清转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)在铁状况正常和不同程度缺铁儿童体内的水平和铁干预后的变化,评价sTfR在筛检人群铁缺乏和补铁效果中的价值.方法初筛北京房山区6～14岁儿童1006名,检测其铁生化指标,从中筛选铁正常、贮存铁减少(ID)、红细胞生成缺铁(IDE)和缺铁性贫血(IDA)儿童239名,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定sTfR含量,计算sTfR/log血清铁蛋白(SF).对铁缺乏儿童给予口服乙二胺四乙酸钠铁胶囊(60mg元素铁/粒),每次1粒,ID与IDE儿童,每周1次,IDA儿童每周3次,连续9周.补铁后重复测定铁生化指标与sTfR,比较补铁前后sTfR的变化.结果ID、IDE、IDA期儿童sTfR含量分别为(20.03±2.33)nmol/L、(24.52±1.07)nmol/L和(33.28±6.09)nmol/L,sTfR/logSF值分别为18.15±5.31、20.98±8.88和29.08±8.57,均显著高于正常对照组的sTfR(18.74±3.06)nmol/L与sTfR/logSF值9.89±1.74.sTfR与红细胞游离原卟啉(FEP)、血红蛋白(Hb)显著相关.正常儿童sTfR为12.5～23.5nmol/L.补铁后,ID、IDE与IDA期儿童sTfR含量为(16.37±3.10)nmol/L,明显低于补铁前水平,但在IDE与IDA期没有变化;ID期儿童sTfR/logSF值分别为11.42±3.12、16.54±4.70和23.59±9.93,与补铁前相比均显著降低.结论sTfR为鉴定铁缺乏IDE与IDA期的特异指标,sTfR/logSF为观察补铁效果的敏感指标.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血浆内脂素水平的变化及意义

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血浆内脂素水平的变化及意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法测定50例PCOS患者和45例健康体检者血浆内脂素水平,采用化学发光法测定空腹胰岛素(FINS)和血清性激素水平,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定空腹血糖(FPG)水平,并分析血浆内脂素水平与体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和血清性激素的关系。结果:①PCOS组血浆内脂素水平为(21.18±4.31)ng/ml,对照组为(12.47±3.38)ng/ml,两组相比有统计学差异(P<0.01);肥胖PCOS组血浆内脂素水平为(22.10±5.20)ng/ml,非肥胖P-COS组为(20.39±3.27)ng/ml,分别高于肥胖对照组(14.68±3.02)ng/ml及非肥胖对照组(10.71±2.53)ng/mL(P<0.01)。②相关性分析显示,PCOS组血浆内脂素水平与WHR(r=0.43,P<0.01)、HOMA-IR(r=0.55,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论:PCOS患者血浆内脂素水平升高;血浆内脂素水平与胰岛素抵抗、肥胖呈正相关。     

重度子痫前期患者血浆凝血、纤溶相关因子水平变化的意义

目的:探讨凝血相关因子在重度子痫前期患者外周血病理性高凝状态发病机制中的作用。方法:采用ELISA方法测定30例重度子痫前期孕妇(子痫前期组)及42例正常晚期妊娠孕妇(正常妊娠组)外周血凝血相关因子的浓度,包括TF、TFPI、t-PA、PAI-1和PAI-2,并进行对比分析。结果:两组孕妇的年龄、孕周无显著性差异;重度子痫前期组患者的D-二聚体浓度及FDP阳性率均显著高于对照组而血小板计数则显著低于对照组。子痫前期组的血浆TF浓度为(53.02±8.64)pg/ml显著高于对照组的(30.84±9.04)pg/ml,TFPI浓度为(3.04±1.08)ng/ml则显著低于对照组的(5.13±0.93)ng/ml(P<0.01);子痫前期组的t-PA浓度为(42.03±16.08)ng/ml显著低于对照组的(67.12±18.91)ng/ml(P<0.01);子痫前期组PAI-1、PAI-2的浓度分别为(81.37±14.87)ng/ml、(469.14±29.20)ng/ml均显著高于对照组的(63.15±8.88)ng/ml和(122.56±17.67)ng/ml。结论:重度子痫前期患者的病理性高凝血状态和凝血相关因子的平衡失调有关,内皮细胞的损伤或激活、胎盘表达凝血相关因子异常可能是重要原因。     

sTfR和SI对诊断妊娠妇女早期贫血的意义

目的:比较可溶性血清转铁蛋白受体(soluble transferrin receptor,sTfR)和血清铁(serumiron,SI)诊断妊娠期缺铁性贫血的灵敏度和特异度。方法:应用Orion Diagnostica IDeA sTfRIT试剂盒,采用可溶性转铁蛋白受体微粒子增强投射免疫分析法测定其血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)及血清铁值(SI)。结果:50例贫血孕妇的sTfR平均值是(3.011±2.026)mg/L,高于临界值2.3mg/L(P<0.05),属于贫血范围;SI的平均值是(10.704±3.462)μmol/L,属于正常范围。50例正常孕妇的sTfR平均值是(2.047±0.803)mg/L,小于2.3mg/L(P<0.05),属于正常范围;SI的平均值是(18.542±4.835)μmol/L,属于正常范围。贫血孕妇的sTfR水平明显高于正常孕妇(P<0.01),SI水平明显低于正常孕妇(P<0.01)。sTfR及SI测定妊娠妇女缺铁性贫血的灵敏度分别是80%和30%,特异度分别是84%和94%。结论:在诊断孕妇缺铁性贫血中,sTfR和SI的特异度都比较高,但sTfR测定比SI测定灵敏度高且能对孕妇是否缺铁作出正确判断,特别是在亚临床贫血期,sTfR可作为诊断妊娠期早期缺铁性贫血的敏感指标。     

铁缺乏育龄妇女血清转铁蛋白受体的变化及其诊断铁缺乏效率分析

目的:探讨血清转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)与血清转铁蛋白受体/血清铁蛋白(sTfR/SF)筛检铁缺乏的特异性和灵敏性及其鉴定铁缺乏的效率。方法:初筛北京郊区与河北地区18-45岁非孕育龄妇女941名,检测血清铁蛋白(SF)、锌原卟啉(ZPP)、血红蛋白(Hb),依评价标准,分为铁正常、贮存铁减少(IDS)、红细胞生成缺铁(IDE)与缺铁性贫血(IDA)四组,测定其sTfR值并计算sTfR/SF即sTfR/LogSF、Log(sTfR/SF),观察不同铁状况育龄妇女sTfR、sTfR/SF水平及变化,并采用ROC曲线分析其诊断铁缺乏效率。结果:IDS、IDE、IDA各期sTfR水平随铁缺乏程度显著增加,sTfR/SF在各期增加幅度均较大。sTfR与SF、Hb显著负相关,与ZPP显著正相关。经ROC曲线分析,sTfR鉴定功能铁缺乏的效率可达83%,Log(sTfR/SF)鉴定贮存铁缺乏的效率可达99%。结论:sTfR与sTfR/SF可灵敏反映人体铁状况,可作为筛检育龄妇女铁缺乏的可靠指标。     

E-选择素与子痫前期

目的:探讨E-选择素在子痫前期中的作用。方法:抽取2004年6月～2005年6月分娩的25例子痫前期患者为子痫前期组(轻度11例,重度14例);15例妊娠期高血压患者为妊高征组;分别取不同孕龄的45例正常孕妇,分为早孕组、中孕组及晚孕组各15例;另取正常育龄非妊娠妇女15例为对照组。空腹抽取肘静脉血,用ELISA法测定血浆可溶性E-选择素(sE-selectin)浓度。结果:子痫前期组血浆sE-选择素浓度(21.90±8.17)ng/ml,显著高于妊高征组(11.85±3.45)ng/ml,P<0.05;子痫前期组中重度子痫前期患者的sE-选择素浓度(25.50±7.12)ng/ml明显高于轻度子痫前期患者sE-选择素(17.32±3.96)ng/ml,P<0.05;子痫前期组的血浆sE-选择素浓度明显高于晚孕组(9.52+3.01)ng/ml,P<0.05;亦明显高于对照组(9.72±2.00)ng/ml,P<0.05。妊高征组sE-选择素浓度与晚孕组和对照组相比,无显著差异(P>0.05)。晚孕组与对照组比较,亦无差异,正常妊娠不同孕龄组之间的sE-选择素浓度相比,亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:血浆sE-选择素浓度与子痫前期的发展及病情严重程度呈正相关,子痫前期的发生、发展可能与内皮细胞活化、损伤和功能异常有关,sE-选择素是反应血管内皮活化的指标之一。     

盆腔封闭式循环化疗治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的实验研究

目的:探讨盆腔封闭式循环化疗的可行性及药代动力学变化。方法:将10只犬随机分为2组,对照组4只,行常规髂内动脉灌注化疗;实验组6只,行经皮盆腔封闭式循环化疗(化疗药物选用卡铂)结合血液灌流。定时检测两组髂内静脉、外周血液的血药浓度及实验组血液灌流后的血药浓度。结果:对照组和实验组髂内静脉血药浓度均在10 min达峰值,分别为(5 497.71±601.80)ng/ml、(5 151.19±558.60)ng/ml,两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。对照组20 min、30 min、40min、50 min、60 min血药浓度迅速下降,分别为(2 887.44±259.50)ng/ml、(1 512.56±147.90)ng/ml、(889.87±92.40)ng/ml、(733.76±72.80)ng/ml、(571.46±47.60)ng/ml;而实验组仍保持较高浓度,分别为(5 121.31±530.20)ng/ml、(4998.57±511.40)ng/ml、(4 018.30±378.90)ng/ml、(2 894.47±285.00)ng/ml、(2 114.18±189.70)ng/ml,两组各时段血药浓度比较有统计学差异(P<0.01)。两组药时曲线下面积(AUC)分别为(110 943.02±9 056.78)(ng/ml.min)、(229430.11±2 154.07)(ng/m.min),有统计学差异(P<0.01)。对照组10 min、20 min、30 min、40 min、50 min、60 min外周血药浓度分别为(4 984.94±468.80)ng/ml、(3 387.83±325.70)ng/ml、(1 312.48±126.60)ng/ml、(1 089.59±97.70)ng/ml、(771.07±73.50)ng/ml、(521.33±48.30)ng/ml,实验组分别为(20.54±2.40)ng/ml、(37.01±3.50)ng/ml、(50.99±4.80)ng/ml、(88.63±9.10)ng/ml、(125.72±12.80)ng/ml、(134.88±12.30)ng/ml,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.01)。实验组血液灌流后的血药清除率为(92.71±7.70)%。结论:盆腔封闭式循环化疗是一种可行的技术,与常规髂内动脉灌注化疗相比,不仅可以在较长时间内增加局部血药浓度,还可以降低外周的血药浓度,减少毒副作用。     

Ferritin and Soluble Transferrin Receptors in Type 2 Diabetic and Non-diabetic Post-menopausal Women in Dhaka, Bangladesh

This cross-sectional comparative study was aimed at investigating the iron status of a group of post-menopausal women with and without diabetes. Thirty-five post-menopausal women in each group were selected purposively from among patients attending the out-patient department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), a specialist hospital, and two of its satellite clinics, all in Dhaka. Patients were enrolled based on their existing records. The subjects were matched on age, menstrual status and fasting status at blood draw. Ferritin, serum soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR) and fasting plasma glucose were measured by standard methods. Dietary information was collected by a specific food frequency questionnaire. No significant difference in plasma ferritin [62.02 ng/ml, (range: 4.68-288.89) vs 54.25 ng/ml (range: 4.58-137.17); p=0.28] was observed between the groups. But a higher level of plasma sTfR was found in diabetic women [(21.12 nmol/l (range: 7.91-39.79) vs 17.63 nmol/l (range: 10.30-110.00); p<0.01]. TFR-F index showed no difference between diabetic and control (p=0.25). Significantly a lower hemoglobin level [10.58±0.67 g/dl vs11.76±1.5 g/dl; p<0.01] was detected in diabetic women. Plasma sTfR (log) did not show any significant association with the dietary parameters and iron indices. No significant association between fasting glucose, ferritin and sTfR was seen except for haemoglobin (r=0.39, p=0.05). Total iron intake recorded was more than the requirement, and was significantly higher in control group [38.11mg/day (range: 19.83-105.63) vs 56.65 mg/day (range: 29.75-109.54); p<0.01)]. More than 97 % of total iron was of plant origin. No differences in heme iron [0.85 mg/day (range: 0.09-4.07) vs. 0.96 mg/day (range: 0.04-4.34), p= 0.17] and vitamin C intake was observed between the groups. Iron indices of non-diabetic women were within the normal range. A higher level of sTfR and a lower level of hemoglobin in diabetic cases is suggestive of iron deficiency anaemia rather than iron overload.     

Iron status of pregnant Indian women from an area of active iron supplementation

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the iron status of pregnant tribal women from Ramtek, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India using a combination of indices.MethodsA community-based observational study was conducted to assess iron status using a convenience sample of pregnant Indian tribal women from Ramtek. Pregnant women were recruited at 13 to 22 wk gestation (first visit; n = 211) and followed to 29 to 42 wk gestation (second visit; n = 177) of pregnancy. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data; iron supplement intake; and blood samples for estimating hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were obtained.ResultsThe mean (SD) Hb concentration at recruitment was 106 (15) g/L and 106 (14) g/L at the second visit; 41% of the women at recruitment and 55% at second visit were anemic (14% higher, P < 0.001). No women at recruitment and 3.7% at second visit had SF concentration < 15 ng/mL; and 3.3% at recruitment and 3.9% at the second visit had sTfR > 4.4 ng/mL (0.6% higher, P = 0.179). Almost 62% and 71% of pregnant women used iron supplements at both visits, respectively. Iron supplement intake > 7 d in the preceding month improved the Hb concentration by 3.23 g/L and reduced sTfR concentration by 13%; women who were breastfeeding at the time of recruitment had 11% higher SF concentration.ConclusionsThe iron indices suggest that pregnant tribal women of central India, although anemic, had good iron status. Use of iron supplements > 7 d in the preceding month improved iron status; however, non–iron-deficiency anemia persisted in this group.     

Inappropriate iron intake in children on long-term parenteral nutrition: outcome after iron withdrawal

Inappropriate parenteral iron intake in children on long-term parenteral nutrition can be responsible for iron overload. This study was carried out to monitor iron status changes when iron parenteral intake was stopped in case of iron overload. Seven children with serum ferritin concentrations above 800 ng/ml (6 with documented liver iron overload) were prospectively studied after total discontinuation of parenteral iron intake and without chelation therapy. Iron status was assessed, by means of ferritin and iron plasma concentrations, 8-15 months (T(1)) and 24-30 months (T(2)) after withdrawal of parenteral iron. Ferritin and iron concentrations declined at T(1), or T(2) in all but two children. At T(2) ferritin and iron concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than before iron parenteral discontinuation with a yearly reduction of 22 +/- 15% and 15 +/- 16%, respectively, for ferritin concentration and iron concentration. This fall in serum ferritin concentration is comparable to thalassemic subjects after bone marrow transplantation. The total withdrawal of parenteral iron intake improves iron status in children with iron overload. Nevertheless, iron overload related parenteral nutrition should be avoided by lowering iron intake in case of long-term total parenteral nutrition and by careful monitoring.     

儿童肥胖与瘦素及神经肽Y的相关性研究

目的:探讨儿童肥胖与血清瘦素和神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)浓度的关系。方法:采用放射免疫分析法,测定193例儿童肥胖患者和122例正常儿童对照组血清瘦素和NPY的浓度。并对其结果进行t检验。结果:儿童肥胖组血清瘦素浓度(21.7±9.9)ng/ml明显高于正常组(7.1±1.6)ng/ml(P<0.001)。重度肥胖组血清瘦素浓度(32.7±7.9)ng/ml明显高于轻度肥胖组(19.9±7.2)ng/ml(P<0.001)和中度肥胖组(23.5±6.5)ng/ml(P<0.001);中度肥胖组血清瘦素浓度明显高于轻度肥胖组(P<0.001);肥胖组血清NPY浓度(111.4±17.6)ng/L明显高于正常组(81.7±11.1)ng/L(P<0.01)。重度肥胖组血清NPY浓度(134.7±15.9)ng/L明显高于中度肥胖组(109.3±14.2)ng/L(P<0.001)和轻度肥胖组(97.8±15.7)ng/L(P<0.001);中度肥胖组血清NPY浓度明显高于轻度肥胖组(P<0.001)。结论:儿童肥胖可能与血清瘦素和NPY浓度有关。     

血清孕酮、肌酸激酶、甲胎蛋白在异位妊娠诊断中的意义

目的探讨血清孕酮、肌酸激酶及甲胎蛋白对异位妊娠早期诊断的意义。方法随机选择住院的异位妊娠患者56例,同期门诊的正常宫内妊娠者50例。检测比较两组血清孕酮、肌酸激酶及甲胎蛋白值。结果异位妊娠组的血清孕酮值(3·82±2·98ng/ml)显著低于正常早孕组(18·74±6·74ng/ml)(P(0·05);两组血清肌酸激酶值存在着明显的交叉;血清AFP值异位妊娠组(1·92±1·31ng/ml)与正常妊娠组(2·35±2·90ng/ml)无统计学显著性差异(P>0·05)。结论血清孕酮的测定可以协助异位妊娠与正常宫内妊娠的鉴别诊断。     

瘦素与新生儿体重的关系

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者和正常孕妇血清中的瘦素浓度与胎儿体重的关系。方法采用放射免疫分析法,分别检测177例孕妇血清中的瘦素水平,并对其结果进行t检验。结果妊高征患者血清中的瘦素水平〔(31.2±10.4)ng/ml〕明显高于正常孕妇〔(18.2±7.3)ng/ml〕,P<0.01;重度妊高征组血清中的瘦素水平〔(39.6±10.1)ng/ml〕明显高于轻度妊高征组〔(24.4±8.6)ng/ml〕,P<0.01,亦高于中度妊高征组〔(33.8±8.5)ng/ml〕,P<0.05;妊高征组的新生儿体重〔(3088±364)g〕明显低于正常孕妇组〔(3437±649)g〕,P<0.01,重度妊高征组的新生儿体重〔(2478±353)g〕明显低于轻度妊高征组〔(3434±342)g〕,P<0.01,亦低于中度妊高征组〔(3058±378)g〕,P<0.01。结论检测孕妇血清中的瘦素水平对于评估胎儿的发育和体重具有重要意义,对妊高征的治疗和预后评估也有指导价值。