金属间化合物（Fe60Ni40）3（V98Ti2）的蠕变断裂

对有序金属间化合物(Fe_(60)Ni_(40))_3(V_(98)Ti_2)的蠕变断裂行为进行了初步研究。用透射电镜观察了稳态蠕变过程中位错亚结构的变化,发现存在大量的堆垛层错和成对位错以及较高密度的位错网络。对断口及近断口剖面的扫描电镜观察指出,晶界上空洞所形成的沿晶断裂是(Fe_(60)Ni_(40))_3(V_(98)Ti_2)蠕变断裂的主要机制。     

BSTUDY ON Ni_(25)Ti_(50)Cu_(25) SHAPE MEMORY PARTICLE/Al MATRIX COMPOSITE

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＮｉ_（２５）Ｔｉ_（５０）Ｃｕ_（２５）ＳＨＡＰＥＭＥＭＯＲＹＰＡＲＴＩＣＬＥ／ＡｌＭＡＴＲＩＸＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＬ．Ｓ．Ｃｕｉ；Ｍ．Ｑｉ；Ｐ．Ｓｈｉ；Ｆ．Ｘ．ＣｈｅｎａｎｄＤ．Ｚ．Ｙａｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＥ?..     

含Fe和Mn的Ni_(30)Cu_(70)固溶体团簇模型与耐蚀性研究

提出了一个极限田溶体合金的团簇模型,在此基础上优化设计了添加Fe和Mn的Ni_(30)Cu_(70)(原子分数,%)固溶体合金成分.在该模型中,固溶的Fe和Mn以Ni为第一近邻形成12配位立方八面体原子团簇(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)Ni_(12)而分散到Cu基体中,因此极限固溶体合金成分为[M_1/_(13)Ni_(12)/_(13)]30Cu_(70)=[(Fe_(1-x)Mn_xNi_(12)]Cua_(30.3),M=(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x).采用X射线衍射和电化学腐蚀测试等方法,研究了[(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)Ni_(12)]Cu_(30.3)合金的微观组织与耐腐蚀性能的关系.实验结果表明,对应于极限同溶体状念的[(Fe_(0.75)Mn_(0.25))Ni_(12)]Cua_(30.3)合金,在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有相对好的耐腐蚀性能.     

退火温度对纳米晶Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4吸波性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶自燃烧法制备了Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米晶,将其分别在550、800和1050℃下二次退火2h,利用XRD和微波矢量网络分析方法对二次热处理产物及其电磁性质进行了研究.结果表明,自燃烧后已形成完整的结晶尖晶石型Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米晶.在0.1～1.5 GHz的测试频率,纳米晶具有介电损耗和磁损耗,且随着热处理温度的升高,电损耗逐渐减小.在1050℃下退火后获得的Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米晶材料的μ'、μ"以及磁损耗正切tanδ_m明显大于在室温及550、800℃退火后的试样,在所测频率内具有优异的磁吸收性能.     

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(0.05))_(14)B

The site occupancies in permanent magnetic alloy Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(0.05))_(14)B has been studied bymeans of neutron diffraction.The results from profile refinement show that Al enters thetetragonal structure of Nd_2Fe_(14)B and occupies the 4c and 8j_2 sites of the space groupP4_2/mnm preferably.The relation between the site occupancies and the magnetic proper-ties is discussed preliminarily.     

TEM STUDY OF MECHANISM OF STRAIN-AGE HARDENING OF INITIALLY DISORDERED (Co,Fe)_3V ALLOY

TEM study was made to explore the mechanism of the strain-age hardening of initially-dis-ordered (Co_(78)Fe_(22))_3V,which was found to be attributed to the formation of a special disloca-tion-stacking fault configuration in company with disorder-order transformation-disloca-tions extended to stacking faults on{111}planes and got connected with each other throughpartial dislocation reaction at intersections of{111}planes,leading to dense networks withcells bounded by stacking fault tetrahedrons.The results also indicated that ordered(Co_(78)Fe_(22))_3V has very low stacking fault energy on{111}planes and relative high andisotropie antiphase boundary energy,which implies that it is most likely to be Lomer-Cottrelllocks,not Kear-Wilsdof locks,that are responsible for the high strength at high temperaturesof this alloy.     

THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND MOSSBAUER SPECTRA OF Y_2(Fe_(1-x)Ni_x)_(17)

实验发现,三元化合物Y_2(Fe_(1-x)Ni_x)_(17)的居里温度T_c随镍含量x变化,当x=0.3时,居里温度呈现极值,T_c=625K。为了研究镍原子部分地替代铁原子后对磁性的影响,取不同镍含量的样品,用X射线测定了易磁化方向,并在高于70千奥斯特的强磁场下,测量了饱和磁化强度随镍含量x的变化。为了研究镍原子在此种晶体中是否有序分布在特定位置上,观测和对比了Y_2Fe_(17)和Y_2(Fe_(0.9)Ni_(0.1))_(17)的穆斯保尔谱线。根据所得的实验结果,分析了居里温度随镍含量变化的原因。     

Y2（Fe.095Al0.05）14B的中子衍射研究

用中子衍射对永磁合金Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(005))_(14)B进行了测量。结果表明:其仍为Nd_2Fe_(14)B型四角结构,空间群为P42/mnm;Al进入晶体结构之中并择优占据4c及8j_2晶位。对Al的择优占位与磁性的关系进行了初步的讨论。     

非晶(Fe_(80)Ni_(20))_(78)Si_(22-x)B_x合金的磁矩与Curie温度

用液态快淬法制备非晶合金条带时,通过加入15—30％的B与Si等类金属含量是形成非晶状态的必要条件。但是,由于Si与B等类金属元素的加入,使非晶态合金的磁性受到明显的影响。本文实验研究了Si与B含量间的相对变化对(Fe_(80)Ni_(20))_(78)Si_(22-x)B_x合金的饱和磁矩、平均原子磁矩与Curie温度的影响关系。利用电子转移模型与分子场近似理论定性的解释了(Fe_(80)Ni_(20))_(78)-Si_(22-x)B_x合金的磁矩(M_s)与Curie温度(T_c)随     

镍含量对激光熔覆镍-铁基涂层结构与性能的影响

采用侧向同步送粉,激光熔覆+重熔的方式在低碳钢表面制备了两种Ni–Fe–Si–B–Nb合金涂层,化学成分分别为(Ni0.5Fe0.5)62Si18B18Nb2(原子数分数x/%)和(Ni0.6Fe0.4)62Si18B18Nb2(x/%)。探讨Ni含量变化对涂层物相组成、显微组织及其性能的影响。试验结果表明,当Ni和Fe的比为1:1时,涂层重熔层物相分析表现为非晶特征的漫散射峰,微观组织由等轴晶+非晶构成,而当Ni和Fe的比为3:2时,涂层重熔层物相分析无漫散射峰形成,微观组织为树枝晶。同时树枝晶组织的显微硬度值较低,这和涂层内部形成的奥氏体较多,而且无Fe2B相和非晶相生成有关。     

HEAT CAPACITIES OF Fe_（40）Ni_（40）B_（20） GLASSY ALLOY MEASURED BY ENTHALPY METHOD

ＨＥＡＴＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＩＥＳＯＦＦｅ_（４０）Ｎｉ_（４０）Ｂ_（２０）ＧＬＡＳＳＹＡＬＬＯＹＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＤＢＹＥＮＴＨＡＬＰＹＭＥＴＨＯＤ￥ＪＩＡＮＧＱｉｎｇ;ＺＨＡＯＭｉｎｇ;ＬＩＪｉａｎｃｈｅｎ（ＪｉｌｉｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌ?..     

退火方式对La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.44)Co_(0.2)Al_(0.03)Ti_(0.03)合金的电化学性能影响

为了研究不同退火方式对La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.44Co0.2Al0.03Ti0.03铸态合金的电化学性能影响,设计最终退火温度为1223K,并采用不同保温程序对合金进行退火处理。X射线衍射(XRD)与扫描电镜(SEM)分析一段、两段保温法退火后合金的结构与性能结果表明,铸态及退火后合金由LaNi5,(La,Mg)2(Ni,Co,Al)7相以及少量LaNi2、TiNi3相组成,且退火后合金中(La,Mg)(Ni,Co,Al)3相出现。前者微观组织较后者均匀,并且前者的放电容量、放电效率好于后者。一段保温法更有利于改善合金的循环稳定性。     

THE PHENOMENON OF THE LOW TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL IN AMORPHOUS ALLOY (Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.4))_(78)Si_8 B_(14)

利用磁导率减落的自动测量仪,测量了非晶合金(Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.4))_(78)Si_8B_(14)等温时效时退磁不能恢复的减落。以此考查了低温结构弛豫动力学行为,计算了弛豫激活能和弛豫谱。结果表明,低温结构弛豫是平均激活能低的多弛豫过程,在这个过程中发展了化学短程序(CSRO)。     

EVALUATION OF PERMEABILITY STABILITY OF SEVERAL AMORPHOUS FERROMAGNETIC ALLOYS

The evaluation of the relative stability of initial permeability has been made of the pre-an-nealed amorphous ferromagnetic alloys Fe_(76)Si_(10)B_(14),Fe_(40)Ni_(38)Mo_4B_(18) and(Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.35)Co_(0.55))_78Si_8B_(14) by the experimental values of average activation energy and fre-quency factors on the basis of the empirical expression deduced by experimental data of thekinetics of their permeability decay.Calculated results show that the relative stability ofpermeability is sufficient for practical uses in the temperature range within 100℃,althoughthe permeability instability can not be substantially eliminated.In other words,thepermeability decay is considerably small within a period of considerable length.     

APPROACH TO TRANSITION OF NON-CRYSTALLINE METAL GLASSES WITH AID OF METHOD OF POLYMER TRANSITION RESEARCH

对某些金属和类金属按一定比例在高温下熔融混合,并急速冷却,可以得到性能极为特殊的非晶态金属。我们根据高聚物转变理论,用研究高聚物的扭辫仪、线膨胀仪,再结合DSC和X射线衍射仪,对非晶态金属[Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.35)Co_(0.55)]_(78)Si_8B_(14),[Fle_(0.1)Ni_(0.30)Co_(0.55)Mo_(0.05)]_(78)Si_8B_(14)和[Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.30)Co_(0.55)Nb_(0.05)]_(78)Si_8B_(14)的玻璃化转变及晶化转变的自由体积、激活能、内耗与热效应等进行了研究,观测到玻璃化温度及晶化温度、玻璃化转变激活能及晶化激活能均与合金元素原子半径有关,转变时的热效应与内耗峰值有一定的对应关系。讨论了玻璃化转变及晶化转变的机理,可供设计非晶态金属时参考。     

DEVELOPING MULTIPHASE AL_3Ti ALLOYS

ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＩＮＧＭＵＬＴＩＰＨＡＳＥＡＬ_３ＴｉＡＬＬＯＹＳＷＡＮＧＱｉａｎ；ＷＡＮＧＪｉａｎ；ＷＥＮＧＸｉａｏｊｕｎ；ＳＵＮＪｉａｎ；ＣＨＥＮＳｈｉｐｕ；ＨＵＧｅｎｇｘｉａｎｇ（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＪｉａｏｔｏｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｓｈａｎｇｈ?..     

A Comparative Study on the Corrosion Performance of Ni_(47)Ti_(49)Co_4 and Ni_(51)Ti_(49) Shape Memory Alloys in Simulated Saliva Solution for Dental Applications

In this study, the corrosion behavior of Ni_(47)Ti_(49)Co_4 shape memory alloy(SMA) was investigated in simulated saliva solution with the binary alloy Ni_(51)Ti_(49) as a reference. The surface morphology and the chemical composition of the oxide films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after immersion in the test solutions, respectively. The results showed that the ternary alloy was less affected by the test solution,owning to the formation of passive layer composed mainly of the oxides of titanium and cobalt in several oxidation states.Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization measurements affirmed that the passive oxide film significantly improved the corrosion resistance of Ni_(47)Ti_(49)Co_4 SMAs as demonstrated by the smaller corrosion current density, larger resistance and smaller capacitance. Consequently, alloying with cobalt, which has paramount importance in enhancing the passive layer, expands the use of Ni_(47)Ti_(49)Co_4 SMAs in dental work as new nitinol alloys with high corrosion resistances.     

源自Ni-Nb共晶团簇式的Ni-Nb-(Zr,Ta,Ag)三元块体非晶合金成分设计

利用团簇+连接原子模型设计Ni-Nb基三元块体非晶成分.首先,解析出二元共晶点Ni_(59.5)Nb_(40.5)的团簇式[(Ni_(0.5)Nb_(0.5))-Ni_6Nb_6]Ni_3,其中,(Ni_(0.5)Nb_(0.5))Ni_6Nb_6为源自Ni_6Nb_7(Fe_7W_6型)共晶相的以(Ni_(0.5)Nb_(0.5))为心的二十面体团簇.相应的,具有最大非晶形成能力的Ni-Nb二元成分Ni_(62)Nb_(38)可描述成团簇式[Ni-Ni_6Nb_6]Ni_3,此时,二十面体团簇的中心位置完全由Ni占据.以[Ni-Ni_6Nb_6]Ni_3二元非晶团簇式为基础,通过引入第3组元Zr,Ta或Ag,设计出具有更高非晶形成能力的Ni-Nb-(Zr,Ta,Ag)三元合金,利用水冷铜模吸铸方法获得临界直径为3 mm的块体非晶.热分析和力学测试表明这些三元块体非晶具有较高的热稳定性,其中[Ni-Ni_6Nb_5Ta]Ni_3具有最高的玻璃转变温度T_g(935 K)和晶化温度T_x(952 K);这些三元块体非晶具有一定的塑性变形能力(延伸率约为0.3%),[Ni-Ni_6Nb_5Zr]Ni_3和[Ni-...     

Zr对Li1.3 Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3传导材料中Na/Li离子交换反应的影响

Li13Ti17Al0.3(PO4)3是具有Nasicon骨架的锂离子传导材料,其中的Li 很容易被溶液中的Na 置换.研究了在Li1.3Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3结构中掺入Zr来替代Ti,以提高Na/Li离子交换速度.结果表明:增加Zr元素比例可显著提高Li1.3Ti1.7-xZrxAl0.3(PO4)3材料中Na/Li离子交换反应速度.Li1.3Ti1.7-xZrxAl0.3(PO4)3材料中的Na/Li离子交换反应动力学过程可近似由JMAK方程描述.     

Ni20Ti50C30机械合金化过程中的爆炸反应

机械合金化Ｎｉ２０Ｔｉ５０Ｃ３０粉末发生了爆炸式反应，反应产物中粉末和块状样品共存，经Ｘ射线衍射分析和扫描电镜观察表明反应过程中各存在部分熔化。产物组成主要为ＴｉＣ和Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ金属间化合物。作者认为球磨过程中球与球的猛烈撞击引发了初始ＴｉＣ的形成，其巨大的生成热诱发了后续反应。