Stability of calcium silicate in basic solution

1　INTRODUCTIONInaluminaproductionbysinteringprocess ,themoleratioofCaO/SiO2 isabout 2inordertoform β 2CaO·SiO2 .The β 2CaO·SiO2 existsrelativelystablyintheleachingprocess ,andthendischargestogetherwiththeredmud .Butsomeβ 2CaO·SiO2 istobede composed ,andthenconvertsintohydrategarnetorsodiumhydratealumino silicate .Thisprocessisoftencalledasthesecondaryreaction .Therearetwodiffer entopinionsinthecauseofdecompositionofβ 2CaO·SiO2 ,thefirstisthatβ 2CaO·SiO2 isdecompo…     

基于最小Gibbs自由能原理的CaO-SiO2炉渣和Si-Ca金属两相体系平衡热力学模型

基于封闭平衡体系Gibbs自由能最小原理对精炼Si液中杂质Ca的炉渣金属体系建立热力学模型,由该热力学模型得到Si液中Ca的摩尔分数xCa与CaO-SiO2二元渣系CaO的摩尔分数xCaO的关系和文献报道的实验结果吻合良好,即0.3相似文献   

Recovery of vanadium from vanadium slag by composite roasting with CaO/MgO and leaching

A novel process of composite roasting with CaO/MgO and subsequent acid leaching was proposed to improve the recovery rate of vanadium from Linz–Donawiz (LD) converter vanadium slag. The effects of the MgO/(CaO+MgO) molar ratio and the roasting and leaching parameters on the recovery of vanadium were studied. The results showed that the leaching efficiency of vanadium decreased from 88% to 81% when CaO was replaced completely by MgO; however, it could be improved by roasting with the composite of CaO/MgO. The maximum vanadium leaching efficiency of 94% was achieved under the optimum MgO/(CaO+MgO) mole ratio of 0.5:1. The results from X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM−EDS) confirm that the formation rate of acid-soluble vanadates can be enhanced during roasting with the composite of CaO/MgO and that the leaching kinetics can be accelerated owing to the suppression of calcium sulfate precipitation.     

Synthesis and reaction behavior of calcium silicate hydrate in basic system

1　INTRODUCTIONIt skeytoseparatealuminafromsilicainaluminaproductionbyBayerorsinteringprocess .Whethersilicachangestosodiumaluminosilicatehydrateorhydro garnet(bothtitleddesilicationproduct,DSP) ,bothcontainso daoralumina .IfDSPisdischargedoutdirectly ,alargeamountofsodaandaluminawillbewasted ,meanwhiledischargedDSPwillresultinheavyenvironmentalpollu tion .InpresentitcostsalottorecoveraluminaandsodafromDSPbysinteringprocess[1] .Soitisurgenttodevel opnewhydro processtechnologytorecove…     

温和水热法从循环流化床粉煤灰中回收氧化铝(英文)

开发一种温和水热法从电厂排放的粉煤灰中提取氧化铝。当处理氧化铝和二氧化硅的质量比(A/S)为0.78、氧化铝含量为32.43%的粉煤灰时,在NaOH浓度45%、初始苛性比(铝酸钠溶液中氧化钠和氧化铝的摩尔比)25、氧化钙和粉煤灰中二氧化硅的摩尔比1.1、液固体积质量比9、反应温度280°C、停留时间1 h的条件下,氧化铝的提取率可达到92.31%。此外,通过结构和化学分析,对氧化铝的浸出机理进行了研究。结果表明,经过碱浸后,含硅的主要物相为理论铝硅比为0的NaCaHSiO4。     

Effect of NaF and CaO/SiO2 Mass pct. on the Hydrogen Dissolution Behavior in Calcium-Silicate-Based Molten Fluxes

Metals and Materials International - The effect of NaF and CaO/SiO2 mass pct. ratio (C/S) on the hydrogen solubility in terms of the hydroxyl capacity of the CaO–SiO2–NaF welding flux...     

CaO/SiO_2和Fe/SiO_2比对空气中PbO-ZnO-CaO-SiO_2-“Fe_2O_3”系相平衡的影响(英文)

实验测定了CaO/SiO2和Fe/SiO2质量比分别为1～1.6和1.3～1.7、含40%PbO和8%ZnO的PbO-ZnO-CaO-SiO2-"Fe2O3"渣系的相平衡和液相线温度。将该渣系在1273～1573K达到平衡,然后快速淬火冷却。XRD和SEM-EDS分析结果表明,该渣的成分位于锌铁尖晶石相的初始成相区,在1273～1473K生成硅酸钙/铅,部分硅酸钙/铅和磁铁铅矿相是通过转熔反应生成的。实验结果和热力学计算结果表明,液相线温度随着渣中CaO/SiO2比的增加和Fe/SiO2比的降低而增加。     

六方水合铁酸钙的合成及其脱硅

通过正交实验对六方水合铁酸钙的合成温度、合成时间和合成体系中CaO与Fe2O3的摩尔比及合成体系的搅拌强度等因素对其脱硅效果的影响进行研究,并给出六方水合铁酸钙的最佳合成条件。结合X射线衍射分析讨论水合铁酸钙的脱硅机理,提出水合铁酸钙是一种高度分散的含钙化合物,其晶面间距较大,脱硅活性较高,并可大幅度降低铝损。在最佳条件下添加水合铁酸钙进行深度脱硅时,脱硅后铝酸钠溶液中的SiO2含量可降低到7 mg/L,硅量指数可达14 000,且脱硅产物中SiO2的饱和系数可达0.46。     

硅锌矿在(NH_4)_2SO_4-NH_3-H_2O体系中的浸出机理

对硅锌矿在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中的浸出行为进行了系统研究,揭示浸出反应机理,阐明其难以浸出的内在原因。结果表明:硅锌矿浸出反应方程为Zn2SiO4(s)+(2i-4)NH3(aq)+4NH4+=2[Zn(NH3)i]2++SiO2(s)+2H2O(l),i=1～4。浸出中,硅锌矿中的硅溶解进入溶液,再以无定形SiO2形态从溶液中析出。SiO2在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中的溶解度很低,仅略高于0.3 g/L,而其从溶液中的析出速度非常缓慢,是硅锌矿在该体系中难以浸出的主要原因。当液固质量比从5提高至500时,锌浸出率将从2.72%提高至84.15%。     

采用CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2渣系去除硅中杂质硼

采用CaO-SiO2-10%CaF2渣系,对工业硅进行造渣除硼研究。研究不同工艺条件下,渣系碱性、反应温度T、渣金比和通气搅拌对硼在渣相和硅液中分配系数LB的影响。结果表明,在1873K下,当CaO/SiO2质量比为2时硼的分配系数可达最大值4.61。在1773～1973K下,lgLB与1/T成线性关系。随着渣金比的增大,硼的分配系数也相应增大,但当渣金比大于3时,硼的分配系数并无明显增加。通气可显著提高硼的去除效果,硼的分配系数随气体中H2O含量的增加而增大。     

Technology and mechanism of desilication from roasted diasporic bauxite in atmosphere

The leaching desilication technology of roasted diasporic bauxite in atmosphere by caustic soda solution was investigated. The optimum parameters were: the grinding fineness of the roasted bauxite -0. 076 mm and 80 % -85 %,leaching time 2h, Na2Ok100-150g/L, L/S 4-5, leaching temperature 90-95℃. The desilication rate 55.20% and concentrate A/S (mass ratio of A12O3 to SiO2) 9.90, as good as those obtained at pressure, were obtained respectivdy.Investigation of two-stage leaching shows that it can both improve desilication rate of roasted ore and reduce leaching time.When time of the first stage and the second stage is 30 min and 30 min respectively, desilication rate can reach 59.65 %.X-ray diffraction analysis of the concentrate has proved that desilication procedure is accompanied with the formation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate. X-ray spectra also show that silica removed during leaching is amorphous silica. SiO2 occurrina as ouartz in raw ore or mullite formed during roasting can not dissolve in alkali solution.     

高苛性比铝酸钠溶液中氧化铝的回收

对加入石灰后的高苛性比铝酸钠溶液中氧化铝的回收进行了研究。热力学计算结果表明,氧化钙较氢氧化钙更容易使铝酸钠溶液中的铝酸根离子转化为水合铝酸钙,使铝酸钠溶液的平衡苛性比能达到很高的值;水合铝酸钙随着温度的升高,稳定性降低,因而能在拜尔法高温溶出过程中分解以代替石灰,并回收其中的氧化铝。实验结果表明,影响水合铝酸钙形成因素的大小顺序为：温度≈碱浓度＞ＣａＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞时间。     

中等品位铝土矿强化石灰烧结机理及溶出试验研究

针对我国资源特点,本文提出不同干传统的石灰烧结法的强化石灰烧结法机理,采用铝硅比为3.84的矿石,按照钙铝比为1.2～1.6进行配矿,配料以生成铝酸-钙和钙铝黄长石为目的,在烧结温度1290℃和烧结时间90min条件下进行熟料烧成.实验结果表明,强化石灰烧结法烧姑熟料的溶出性能较好,烧结熟料氧化铝溶出率达到了82.8%.物相分析表明,熟料主要物相为铝酸一钙和钙铝黄长石,赤泥中的主要物相为钙铝黄长石.     

ICP-AES法测定锰矿中多种组分

通过对试样溶解方法、分析元素谱线选择、基体背景干扰消除和仪器工作条件的研究,建立了一种碱熔、酸浸溶解试样,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对锰矿中TFe、SiO2、CaO、MgO、Al2O3、P、TiO2进行检测的方法。本方法准确、快速、成本低。     

熟料烧结过程中氧化铁反应行为的热力学分析

通过对Fe2O3与碳酸钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钙反应的热力学分析,明确Fe2O3在铝土矿炉料烧结过程中的热力学反应规律。热力学计算、分析结果表明:Fe2O3在正常烧结温度范围内能与Na2CO3或CaO发生反应,但更易与CaO反应形成2CaO.Fe2O3或CaO.Fe2O3,Fe2O3和Na2O.Fe2O3能使2CaO.SiO2和3CaO.2SiO2转变为CaO.SiO2,CaO.SiO2进一步与Na2O.Al2O3或Na2O.Fe2O3反应生成不溶的三元化合物而造成烧结法生产氧化铝过程中Na2O和Al2O3的损失。4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3不能由铁酸钙和铝酸钠相互反应产生,而可能是CaO、Al2O3和Fe2O3三者直接反应的产物,且在烧结条件下Na2O.Fe2O3可分解4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3。     

从镍钼矿中提取镍钼的工艺

针对现行镍钼矿处理工艺存在的钼镍需要分别提取的缺陷,提出镍钼矿加钙氧化焙烧-低温硫酸化焙烧-水浸提取镍钼的新工艺。以贵州遵义镍钼矿为原料,对CaO加入量、氧化焙烧温度、氧化焙烧时间、硫酸加入量、硫酸化焙烧温度、硫酸化焙烧时间以及焙砂水浸工艺参数对镍钼浸出率的影响进行研究。结果表明:在最佳工艺条件下,钼的浸出率为97.33%,镍的浸出率为93.16%,且最佳工艺参数为100 g镍钼矿加入35 g CaO,700℃氧化焙烧2 h,得到的焙砂加入70 mL浓硫酸,再经250℃硫酸化焙烧2 h;硫酸化焙烧得到的焙砂按液固比2:1加水搅拌,经98℃浸出2 h。加入CaO不仅能有效减少镍钼矿氧化焙烧烟气对环境造成的污染,而且能显著提高镍的浸出率。     

低硅烧结矿粘结相强度的影响因素

为了探明低硅烧结矿粘结相强度的影响因素,进行了微型烧结试验和矿物组成及显微结构的检测。研究结果表明,影响粘结相强度的主要因素是SFCA与赤铁矿含量之和、玻璃相含量和烧结矿结构,并得出粘结相强度最高的条件：最高烧结温度为1280℃、碱度为2．8、w（MgO）为1．0％、w（CaF2）为0．8％、w（SiO2）为4．4％及w（Al2O3）／w（SiO2）为0．15。     

Extraction of valuable metals from low nickel matte by calcified roasting−acid leaching process

A calcified roasting−acid leaching process was developed as a highly effective method for the extraction of valuable metals from low nickel matte in the presence of CaO additive. The influences of process parameters on the metal extraction were studied, including the roasting temperature, roasting time, addition of CaO, H₂SO₄ concentration and liquid−solid ratio. Under the optimum condition, 94.2% of Ni, 98.1% of Cu, 92.2% of Co and 89.3% of Fe were recovered. Additionally, 99.6% of Fe was removed from the leachate as goethite by a subsequent goethite iron precipitation process. The behavior and mechanism of CaO additive in the roasting process was clarified. The role of CaO is to prevent the formation of nonferrous metal ferrite phases by a preferential reaction with Fe₂O₃ during the roasting process. The metal oxides (CuO and Ni_xCu_1−xO) remained stable during high-temperature roasting and were subsequently efficiently leached using a sulfuric acid solution.     

氟盐对炼镁还原渣中氧化铝浸出率的影响研究

以白云石和菱镁石为原料以铝粉为还原剂真空热还原炼镁过程中添加氟化钙可使镁还原率提高5%以上,还原温度降低50℃,还原后还原渣的主要物相为CaO.2Al2O3,加入的氟化钙在还原过程会参与反应生成氟铝酸钙。在实验室以氢氧化钠和碳酸钠的混合碱液对该含氟盐还原渣中氧化铝的浸出进行了研究,研究结果表明:经碱液浸出后还原渣中的CaO.2Al2O3全部被分解,还原渣中的氧化铝浸出率在70%以上,浸出渣的主要物相为CaCO3。含氟盐炼镁还原中氧化铝的浸出率比不含氟盐的氧化铝浸出率低10%以上,在还原过程中生成的氟铝酸钙和浸出过程中生成的水合铝酸钙是导致氧化铝损失增加的主要原因。     

Magnetic properties and microstructures of SnO2 doped Mn-Zn ferrites

The effects of additive SnO2 (0.4wt.%), with and without SiO2 (0.02wt.%) and/or CaO(0.04wt.%), on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites were reported. The results reveal that SnO2 on its own increases the initial permeability ( μi) slightly, but SnO2 with SiO2 and/or CaO decreases the values of μi. However, ferrites with SnO2 additions have reduced power losses. The separate contributions of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss to the total power loss show that SnO2 (with or without SiO2 and/or CaO) doping increases the hysteresis loss slightly, but SnO2 doping alone reduces the eddy current loss significantly (～14%). The additions of SiO2 or CaO further decrease the eddy current loss, and by interaction of SnO2-CaO-SiO2, the eddy current loss is reduced by more thaN20%. These magnetic and microstructural effects were discussed in terms of the additive-impurity interaction, the existence of grain boundary phases, and the effective bulk and grain boundary resistivities of the ferrites.