一种含薄荷基的手性单体及其聚合物的合成与液晶性能

制备了一种含薄荷基的手性单体及其对应的液晶聚合物,其化学结构、纯度及旋光性质采用红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振（1H-NMR）及旋光仪进行表征,采用差示扫描量热（DSC）与偏光显微镜（POM）等研究了单体与聚合物的介晶性能和相行为,并用热重分析（TGA）表征了聚合物的热稳定性。结果表明,手性单体呈现胆甾相的油丝织构与...     

高透紫外线高分子材料的研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

随着光学、生物、电子、军事等领域对材料的透紫外性要求越来越高,高透紫外高分子材料的应用范围也越来越广。文中综述了含氟聚酰亚胺、无定型含氟聚合物、丙烯酸酯类聚合物、环氧树脂类聚合物、有机硅聚合物等5种高透紫外线材料的制备方法,聚合物结构对紫外透过率的影响以及在光学行业,电子工业上的应用,并展望了高透紫外线高分子材料的研究方向和应用前景。     

高透紫外线高分子材料的研究进展

随着光学、生物、电子、军事等领域对材料的透紫外性要求越来越高,高透紫外高分子材料的应用范围也越来越广。文中综述了含氟聚酰亚胺、无定型含氟聚合物、丙烯酸酯类聚合物、环氧树脂类聚合物、有机硅聚合物等5种高透紫外线材料的制备方法,聚合物结构对紫外透过率的影响以及在光学行业,电子工业上的应用,并展望了高透紫外线高分子材料的研究方向和应用前景。     

含苯并硒二唑组分的聚对苯撑乙炔类共轭聚合物的合成及性能研究

通过钯催化的Sonagashira偶合反应合成出了3种带有不同链长烷氧基侧链,主链中含有2,1,3-苯并硒二唑纽分的聚苯乙炔类共轭聚合物并对其化学结构进行了表征确认.此类聚合物在常用的有机溶剂中具有较好的溶解性和成膜性.通过紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱、循环伏安等对所得聚合物的基本性能进行了探讨.聚合物P7、P9和P12在溶液状态下的紫外吸收分别为421、450和450nm,相对应最大发射分别位于475、482和481nm;固态下聚合物的吸收分别为433、486和486nm,相对应最大发射为575、583和590nm.聚合物的循环伏安测试表明聚合物P7、P9、P12的起始电位为1.19、1.19、1.18V.聚合物非线性光学性能研究表明取代基为十二碳烷氧基的聚合物显示出了良好的三阶非线性光学性能,其三阶非线性光学系数为3.54×10-12esu.     

有机三阶非线性光学材料的研究进展

非线性光学材料在图像处理、全光开关、光学存储和记忆系统等领域有着较大的应用潜力,近年来对三阶非线性光学聚合物材料的研究成为研究工作中的热点.分类介绍了各种有机三阶非线性光学聚合物的合成、结构与性能的最新研究进展,评述了三阶非线性光学性能表征技术的研究状况,展望了有机三阶非线性光学材料的前景和存在的问题.     

N-炔丙基酰胺共聚物组成对其光学活性的影响

通过与手性单体共聚,可调控基于非手性单体所制备的螺旋聚合物的光学活性。文中利用[Rh]金属有机催化剂,进行了手性(M1)和非手性(M2)N-炔丙基酰胺单体的共聚反应,聚合物产率高于97%。利用圆二色光谱技术及旋光仪对共聚物的光学活性进行了表征,发现共聚物组成对其光学活性有显著影响,不仅影响共聚物光学活性的大小,甚至还决定着聚合物主链所形成螺旋结构的手性。     

新的透明材料Фторлон400

近年来在光学中越来越广泛地使用有机聚合物。这是因为有机聚合物比较轻,破裂时无锋利的碎片,且可以用比较简便的方法制取各种形状的光学另件。在光学中用得比较普遍的聚合物有:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯与α-甲基苯乙烯的共聚物、聚碳酸酯等。然而,它们的耐热性低,可燃,对腐蚀介质的作用不稳定。这些都限制了它们的使用。近来出现了一些以有机氟聚合物为基础的光学材料,它们具有很好的化学和热稳定     

高折射率钛-二苯醚-硅氧烷聚合物的合成表征和性能

通过非水解溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同钛含量的乙烯基二苯醚硅氧烷低聚物(O0,O1,O3和O5),进一步与甲基苯基含氢硅油进行铂催化的硅氢加成交联反应,制得相应的聚合物(P0,P1,P3和P5)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对低聚物和聚合物进行了表征,并研究了钛元素对聚合物交联行为、热稳定性、折射率、光学透明性等的影响。与不含钛聚合物P0相比,钛-二苯醚-硅氧烷聚合物(P1,P3和P5)的折射率和热稳定性得到显著提高,后者具有高折射率(n=1.581～1.587)和优异的热稳定性(T_(5d)450℃@氮气,T_(5d)390℃@空气)。在热老化过程中,聚合物表现出优异的光学和热稳定性,具有高的光学透明度(90%@450 nm)和高的热稳定性(150℃热老化120 h后光学透明度为87%@450 nm),在LED封装胶中具有潜在的应用价值。     

非线性光学聚合物材料的研究进展

非线性光学聚合物是新型的具有很高实用价值的功能材料，在光电子信息领域具有广阔的应用前景。文中简要介绍了非线性光学理论和极化原理，综述了非线性光学聚合物材料的研究现状及进展，首重阐述了掺杂型、侧主链型、交联型及共轭型等非线性光学聚合物的结构与性能，展望了今后的研究方向。     

离子注入聚合物表面改性的研究

离子注入聚合物材料表面改性有着独特的优越性。综述了离子注入技术对聚合物表面的机械性能、电学性能、光学性能和磁学性能等方面改性的最新研究与应用进展。     

含1,3,5-三嗪结构聚芳醚高性能聚合物的合成

1,3,5-三嗪基聚合物具有优异综合性能,但传统1,3,5-三嗪基聚合物难溶解、难熔融,通常在高温高压下才能制得高分子量聚合物,限制了其在分离膜、绝缘漆和粘合剂等领域的应用。文中基于分子设计理论,分别在聚合物分子链中引入柔性侧基、非对称性结构、扭曲或扭曲非共平面结构等,合成了系列既耐高温又可溶解的含1,3,5-三嗪结构新型聚芳醚高性能聚合物,探讨了分子结构等对聚合物溶解性、热性能和力学性能间影响规律。     

具有光学活性的3,5-二(烷基羰基-胆固醇)苯乙烯螺旋聚合物的奇偶效应

根据胆固醇含多个手性中心,将其引入到聚苯乙烯的侧链中,合成了一系列侧基含有手性链胆固醇基团的螺旋聚合物。这些无定形聚合物都有良好的热稳定性,随着柔性链上碳原子个数的增加,玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低。表征发现所有聚合物都为手性的螺旋结构聚合物,且随着柔性链的增长,所有的CD图上的科顿效应转变为同时含有正负科顿效应,最后转变为几乎只含有负科顿效应的现象,证明了手性胆固醇上的柔性链对聚合物分子的螺旋排列有着较大的影响。     

Azo dye based poly(alkyloxymethacrylate)s and their spacer effect on optical data storage

Two series of new sudan dye based poly(alkyloxymethacrylate)s were synthesized with varying even number of methylene spacers. The structure of the polymers was confirmed by FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability, glass transition and melting temperatures of the polymers were investigated with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry respectively. Thermal stability of the polymers decrease with the increasing chain length of the methylene chain. The substituent on the azo moiety in the pendant side chain polymers has less thermal stability than the unsubstituted counterpart. The optical characterization of the polymers was done by formation of the holographic grating using 514.5 nm line of the Ar ion laser as source. The diffraction efficiency of the grating on the polymeric film was studied by varying the length of the methylene spacer, concentration and writing beam power.     

Flexible inorganic nanowire light-emitting diode

We report a highly flexible light-emitting device in which inorganic nanowires are the optically active components. The single-crystalline ZnO nanowires are grown at 80 degrees C on flexible polymer-based indium-tin-oxide-coated substrates and subsequently encapsulated in a minimal-thickness, void-filling polystyrene film. A reflective top contact serving as the anode in the diode structure is provided by a strongly doped p-type polymer and an evaporated Au film. The emission through the polymer side of this arrangement covers most of the visual region. Electrical and optical properties as well as performance limitations of the device structure are discussed.     

Molecular design and synthesis of branched bichromophore-attached linear fluorinated polyimides for nonlinear optical applications

A branched structure bichromophore was developed to increase the nonlinearity of optical polymers. The branched bichromophore was incorporated into the polymer backbone to prepare a novel nonlinear optical (NLO) side-chain fluorinated polyimide with high optical nonlinearity and good thermal stability. The novel nonlinear optical side-chain fluorinated polyimide exhibits a large electro-optic (E-O) coefficient (γ₃₃) (34 pm/V at 1550 nm) which is larger than that of the conventional side-chain optical polyimide. This is mainly attributable to an increased chromophore concentration and high polarizing efficiency derived from the branched structure. The branched structure of the bichromophore is incorporated into a polymer backbone to result in a high chromophore concentration. Moreover, the three-dimensional (3D) architecture and large molecular size of the branched bichromophore can spatially shield from strong interchromophore electrostatic interactions to enhance the poling efficiency. The side-chain fluorinated polyimide exhibits excellent solubility in common organic solvents, good film-forming property, high glass-transition temperature (T _g) (190 °C) and thermal stability up to 235 °C.     

Optical second harmonic generation in a low-bandgap polymer

Recently, much research has been performed on developing low-bandgap polymers for e.g. harvesting solar energy. In the quest to improve these properties, little attention has been paid to their nonlinear optical properties, despite their interesting linear optical spectra and structural similarities to certain nonlinear optically active compounds. We characterized the optical second harmonic generation of corona poled films of poly(cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′] dithiophen-4-ylidenedioctylmalonate). The unexpectedly large nonlinear optical susceptibilities and the thermal and temporal stability of the material compare favorably to other novel nonlinear optical materials despite the lack of a donor-acceptor dye. Additionally, the polymer displays a very low absorption in the relevant wavelength region. These results demonstrate the promise of these materials for nonlinear optical devices.     

可溶性浅色透明聚酰亚胺的研究进展

芳香族聚酰亚胺由于带有一定的颜色且加工困难限制了其在微电子和光学领域中的应用.通过分析聚酰亚胺易带色和溶解性差的原因,从分子设计角度归纳总结了可溶性浅色透明聚酰亚胺的制备方法,一是在聚酰亚胺主链中引入柔性结构;二是在聚酰亚胺中引入大的取代基;三是在聚酰亚胺中引入三氟甲基;四是在聚酰亚胺主链上引入脂环结构;五是在聚酰亚胺主链上引入非共平面或不对称结构.展望了其应用前景.     

Preparation of optically active substituted polyacetylene@CdSe quantum dots composites and their application for low infrared emissivity

Optically active substituted polyacetylene@CdSe quantum dots (SPA@CdSe QDs) nanocomposites were fabricated by grafting helical SPA polymers onto the surface of semiconductor QDs through ester linkage. Optically active SPA polymer derived from chiral amino acids was copolymerized by a rhodium zwitterion catalyst and was evidently proved to adopt a predominately single-handed helical conformation. The SPA@QDs nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicated that the organic SPA matrix exhibited an enhancement in thermal stability after the hybridization with CdSe QDs, while the blended QDs maintained their original crystalline structure during grafting. The infrared emissivity properties of the SPA@QDs nanocomposites at 8–14 μm were further investigated. The data demonstrated that the SPA@QDs-15 composite film possessed an infrared emissivity value of 0.501, which was much lower than pristine SPA and QDs. This might be attributed to the incorporation of optically active helical SPA and semiconductor QDs in a hybrid phase, which had great effect in enhancing their interfacial interactions.     

含柔性酯基的N-取代马来酰亚胺的合成及溶液聚合

以马来酸酐(MA)、氨基丙酸(Aln)、直链醇为原料,选择合适的溶剂、催化剂,通过三步两釜法合成了侧链含柔性酯基的N-取代马来酰亚胺单体(RAM);以自由基溶液聚合法进行了均聚和共聚;利用IR、TG、DTA对产物(PRAM)进行了表征;并讨论了侧链长度对均聚物溶解性能、热性能的影响,结果表明柔性链长度对溶解性、起始热分解温度影响不大,但玻璃化温度(Tg)随柔性链增长而明显下降。     

有机电致发光材料的能隙计算

有机电致发光材料具有可进行分子结构设计而改变其溶解性及光电性能等特点,以此为功能层、将电能转换为光能的有机电致发光二极管更是具备轻薄、高效、自发光、低能耗以及低成本可实现柔性器件等潜在优势。因此,研究合成高性能的有机电致发光材料并应用于制备可实用化的显示器及照明产品成了业界研究的热点。文中综述了以能带理论为基础,对有机电致发光材料进行结构设计改进发光性能时对将合成的材料的能隙计算的理论模型与计算方法及其应用进展,可望为聚合物发光材料的合成设计提供理论支持。