化学包覆法制备高性能磁粉芯

本文所采用的包覆液具有良好的润湿性能。在粉末表面形成含Ｃｒ，Ｐ元素的玻璃相结构的均匀薄膜，具有较高的电阻率和良好的耐热性能。讨论了粉末表面的光滑度对包覆效果的影响以及磁粉芯的品质因数Ｑ和导磁率μ及绝缘介质含量之间的关系。     

铁鳞还原铁粉表面置换镀铜的添加剂优化

采用铁鳞还原铁粉制备铜包铁复合粉末时,添加剂的配方对复合粉末综合性能影响较大。在铁鳞还原铁粉表面化学镀铜制备复合粉末,通过正交试验研究了添加剂对铁鳞还原铁粉表面置换镀铜包覆层综合性能的影响;采用扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等对铜包覆层的表面形貌和断面形貌以及成分进行表征,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)检测包覆粉末的物相结构,并利用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)测试其表面的添加剂残留情况;分析了各类添加剂对包覆层质量的影响规律,得到的最优添加剂配方为0.160 0 g/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA·2Na),0.001 0g/L 2-巯基苯并咪唑(M),0.003 5 g/L乙烯硫脲(N),0.450 0 g/L聚乙二醇(PEG),0.120 0 g/L十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)。最优添加剂配方条件下制备的复合粉末的铜包覆层均匀、连续、包覆效果良好,只含有铁和铜两相,包覆层中仅有微量添加剂成分残留。     

莫来石粉末化学镀镍和涂层的高温摩擦学性能

先进行正交试验优化镀液的工艺参数,然后用化学镀对莫来石粉末进行表面包覆并对包覆粉末进行850℃热处理,用等离子喷涂技术在304不锈钢表面分别制备莫来石涂层和包覆粉末涂层。用附带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征了包覆粉末和涂层的微观结构,用HV-1000维氏显微硬度仪测试了涂层硬度,用HT-1000摩擦实验机测试了800℃时涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：镀液的优化工艺参数为：硫酸镍20 g/L,次磷酸钠30 g/L,柠檬酸钠20 g/L,氯化铵20 g/L,pH=5.5,水浴温度80℃,施镀时间1 h。在莫来石粉末表面包覆的Ni-P镀层均匀致密,热处理使包覆镀层由非晶态向晶态转变,生成了Ni和Ni3P相。莫来石涂层主要由莫来石相和γ-Al2O3相组成,包覆粉末涂层主要由Ni、AlNi3、Ni3P和莫来石相组成。在包覆粉末涂层中引入Ni-P镀层使涂层的硬度由417.5 HV0.2提高到500.1 HV0.2。包覆粉末涂层的耐磨性优于莫来石涂层,包覆粉末涂层的摩擦系数比莫来石涂层明显减小,包覆粉末涂层的磨损率为13×10^-4 mm³     

AlPO4包覆对LiVOPO4电化学性能的影响

以LiVOPO4、Al(NO3)3.9H2O、H3PO4为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了AlPO4包覆的LiVOPO4粉末(AlPO4包覆LiVOPO4)。采用热重与差热分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析以及电化学测试等手段对AlPO4包覆LiVOPO4的微观结构、表面形貌和电化学性能进行了研究。结果表明,AlPO4以无定形态包覆于LiVOPO4颗粒表面形成AlPO4包覆LiVOPO4粉末。由于在LiVOPO4颗粒表面包覆了一层无定形的AlPO4后,阻止了电极与电解质溶液之间的副反应,降低了电化学阻抗,因此,与未包覆的LiVOPO4粉末相比,AlPO4包覆LiVOPO4具有更高的可逆容量、更稳定的循环性能和更好的倍率性能。     

化学镀法制备纳米Cu/Al复合粉末

为了改善超细铝粉的表面易氧化问题和微米级铝粉对推进剂的热分解催化作用不明显现象,以对推进剂具有良好催化作用的纳米Cu包覆金属Al表面.采用化学镀铜法对微米级铝粉表面进行镀覆,制备出纳米Cu粒子在超细Al颗粒表面包覆完整的Al-Cu核壳式复合粉末,并利用正交实验优化镀液组分及镀覆工艺条件.利用XRD、SEM、EDX等仪器,对复合粉末的形貌、物相结构及表面成分进行分析,结果表明铝粉表面包覆一层致密的纳米铜层,这种纳米层是由粒度约为18.83nm的晶态析出的纳米铜组成.     

包覆Ni-Co-P的钡铁氧体红外-微波一体化隐身材料制备与性能

为了使钡铁氧体粉末具有红外-微波多波段兼容的隐身性能,采用表面改性的方法在钡铁氧 体表面进行Ni - Co -P复合化学镀.借助XRD、SEM、EDX、IR -2双波段发射率测量仪、矢量网络分析仪对包覆前后样品的结构、表面形貌、红外发射率、微波吸收性能进行了表征.结果表明,在钡铁氧体表面包覆的Ni - Co -P合金...     

二水磷酸氢钙包覆镁粉的组织及其在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

运用液相化学沉积技术制备了二水磷酸氢钙包覆镁粉粉末。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)分析包覆层特征,用比表面积和孔隙度分析仪测定包覆前后粉末的比表面积,并通过浸泡实验研究包覆粉末的腐蚀行为。结果表明,包覆处理后的镁粉颗粒仍保持球形,表面形成了一层厚度2~4μm细片状的二水磷酸氢钙(DCPD),与未包覆粉末相比,其比表面积增加约60倍,在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能提高四个数量级。     

纳米TiO2表面包覆改性及表征

纳米TiO2 的表面处理的好坏直接影响到产品的应用性能及其使用范围。目前的处理措施主要是在其表面上包覆一层无机或有机物膜 ,以避免粉末间的团聚。从表面包覆的原理、影响因素、包覆方法以及表面包覆效果的表征方法等方面概述了纳米TiO2 颗粒包覆的研究进展 ,着重介绍了纳米TiO2 无机、有机包覆的原理及近年来的研究成果 ,并提出今后的研究方向。     

用化学镀法制备Ni包覆ZrO2粉末

研究了在粉末表面包覆金属镍的化学镀液中各种化学成分、温度、pH值对包覆粉末增重的影响，确定了最佳配方及操作条件。该方法不需要对ZrO2粉末进行敏化和活化等预处理，具有操作简单、镀液稳定性好等优点。     

氧化铝包覆石墨复合粉体的制备及性能研究

通过无机铝盐的水解,利用异相成核的方法在天然鳞片石墨表面包覆氧化铝制备了氧化铝包覆石墨复合粉体.对复合粉体进行了形貌观察、结构分析、热分析、表面电位及与水的润湿性测定.研究结果表明,在石墨表面形成了较为均匀的氧化铝包覆层,所包覆的氧化铝为无定形,其与石墨表面结合良好,包覆层厚度约1μm;氧化铝包覆石墨复合粉体与水具有良好的润湿性,其表面特性与氧化铝相似,并且抗氧化性能得到较大的改善.     

Al/SiO2复合粒子制备及其催化性能研究

文章利用溶胶一凝胶法,以超细铝粉为核,SiO2为膜,制备了包覆式超细Al／SiO2复合粒子。采用扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱、红外光谱等方法对包膜的效果进行了表征分析。分析结果表明：制备的Al／SiO2复合粒子表面的SiO2膜均匀致密。运用差热分析法（DTA）研究了制备的肼SiO2复合粒子对高氯酸铵（AP）热分解性能的影响。结果表明：与添加5％纯Al粉的AP相比,添加5％Al／SiO2复合粒子的AP,其高温放热峰温降低了29．73℃,表观分解热增加了616．8J／g。表明Al／SiO2复合粒子比纯Al粉对AP热分解具有更好的催化作用。     

一种新型的水性丙烯酸长余辉发光涂料

以Eu^2 和Dy^3 共掺杂的铝酸锶发光材料为发光体，以水性丙烯酸乳液为成膜介质制备了一种新型的发光涂料。该发光涂料环境友好，而且比相应的发光材料具有更长的余辉发光时间和更高的发光强度。     

Improvement on the first pass transfer efficiency of fine polymer coating powders for corona spraying process

Corona charge spraying has been widely used in the powder coating application, thanks to its outstanding charging performance leading to high coating efficiency. Yet, this spraying technology has not been working very well with fine powders that started to be used by powder industry in recent years. Fine powders are known as the powders that have median sizes smaller than 30 μm. Utilizing fine powders can improve coating quality and reduce film thickness. However, it has been experienced that the fine powders have much lower first pass transfer efficiency (FPTE). This study provided a solution for the problem by humidifying the powder coating particles. The gained moisture on the particle surfaces can reduce the powder resistivity. As a result, the electric field strength inside the deposited particle layer on the target is reduced, allowing more charged particles to be deposited. Therefore the FPTE of the fine powder is increased. Discovered by the experiments, a maximum of 17% increase in the FPTE was achieved with the humidified fine powder. The improved FPTE of the fine powder was comparable to the regular powder. The study also evaluated the influence of the increased humidity on the fine powder flowability. Based on the results obtained from the powder characterization tests, the suggested humidification process would not significantly deteriorate the fine powder flowability.     

Powder characteristics and coating conditions of fresh and reused polyester resins for electrostatic powder coating: powder recycling and loss prevention

Powder characteristics and coating conditions are significant factors in electrostatic powder coating. In this work, powder characteristics of the reused polyester resin or recycled powder particles in terms of shape, size, particle size distribution, moisture content, density, flowability, fluidity and chargeability were compared with those of fresh resin or as-received powder to consider powder recycling. The coating conditions for a metal lantern electrostatic powder coating were studied with fresh polyester resin on a work-piece of 70 × 150 mm using a manual corona spray gun by varying the spray gun voltage, the distance between the spray gun and work-piece, and the gun output. For full utilization of powder particles, the effects of different weight ratios of fresh and reused polyester resins on film thickness were observed using the obtained coating conditions accordingly. The suitable weight ratio of fresh and reused polyester resins was 3:1. In addition, to prevent loss of powder particles in automatic electrostatic powder coating due to over-spraying, the relations between the displacements of the spray guns and conveyor distance were simulated by Microsoft Excel XP on a model metal lantern of 600 × 1216 × 120 mm. No overlapping of the displacements of the spray guns must be considered.     

Preparation of titanium nitride coated powders by rotary powder bed chemical vapour deposition

Titanium nitride coated powders were prepared by rotary powder bed chemical vapour deposition (CVD) in which a powder in a rotary specimen cell was heated by infrared radiation in a reactant gas stream. Titanium powder covered with TiN or Ti₂N thin film was obtained by diffusion coating treatment of titanium particles (grain size 10 to 50 µm) at 900 to 1000°C and 0.5 to 1.0 atm for 60 min in a nitrogen stream. TiN was coated on to the surface of scaly graphite particles (grain size 30 to 100 µm or 100 to 1000 µm) as well as titanium particles by CVD in the reactant system TiCl₄-N₂-H₂ at 900° C and 1 atm for 40 min. The uniformity of the coating (composition and film thickness) and the dispersability of the coated particles were considerably promoted by rotating the powder bed at about 90 r.p.m. compared with nonrotary powder bed CVD.     

Antimony doped tin oxide coating of muscovite clays by the Pechini route

The preparation of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) conductive thin films on mica (muscovite) clays is described. ATO coating solution was prepared from ethylene glycol monomer, citric acid ligand, SbCl₃ and SnCl₂ precursors in alcohol solution. Muscovite thin film coating was prepared by gradual addition of the precursor solution to a water-muscovite clay dispersion. Under appropriate precursor concentrations and temperature, aggregation of the clays and ATO particles was prevented, and the ATO film grew exclusively on the clay substrate. Heat treatment of the coated mica resulted in semi transparent and conductive clays which could be used for composite film formation. Whereas the Pechini route is widely used for dip coating of ATO films, here we extend the approach for coating particulate matter. The films were characterized by electronic microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, powder diffraction, and thermal analysis and the dependence of conductivity on calcination temperature and precursor concentrations are described.     

高岭土/钛白复合粉体的制备与表征

借助粉体表面改性的原理及液相化学沉积的包覆工艺,以高岭士为核,利用四氯化钛水解在其表面包覆－层纳米二氧化钛制成高岭土复合钛白,并用TEM、XRD等手段进行了表征。结果表明：复合粉体包覆效果良好800℃煅烧后包覆层二氧化钛主要为锐钛矿型结构,并开始向金红石型转化。     

Passivation coating on titanium powder surface via SnCl4-Ti gas–solid fluidization reaction

Titanium powder is easily oxidized in the forming and sintering process due to its active chemistry. In this study, a passivation coating is formed on Ti powder surface via SnCl₄-Ti gas–solid fluidization reaction using fluidized bed. It is found that at 200–350 ℃, Ti-Sn-Cl-O passivation layer is formed on Ti powder surface on account of the reaction among SnCl₄, oxide film on powder surface, and Ti matrix. Upon further increasing the temperature to above 500℃, deoxygenation reaction occurs accompanied by the formation of gaseous TiCl_m and TiO_xCl_y escaping from Ti powder matrix, resulting in the decreasing of surface oxygen content. Besides, elemental Sn and Ti-Sn compounds are formed on Ti powder surface, and part of Sn is diffused into titanium matrix. The passivation behavior is mainly consisted of oxygen film destruction and oxygen removal with the fluidization temperature increasing. Overall, the suitable temperature is about 350℃ to form a passivation coating on Ti powder surface, which can achieve oxidation isolation and deoxygenation in subsequent forming and sintering process.     

超音速等离子体喷涂MoSi2涂层工艺研究

涂层技术是C/C复合材料高温抗氧化与抗烧蚀的有效手段,单一的SiC涂层很难为C/C复合材料提供有效的长寿命保护。金属间化合物MoSi2高温时会形成一层致密的SiO2保护膜,具有特别优异的高温抗氧化性能,常作为C/C复合材料的高温抗氧化涂层。本文采用超音速等离子喷涂法在带SiC涂层的C/C复合材料表面制备了MoSi2涂层,主要研究了喷涂功率、主气(Ar)流量对粉料表面温度、飞行速度、沉积率以及对涂层表面微观结构和结合强度的影响。结果表明:喷涂功率在47.5~52.5 kW之间,既能使粒子有较高的速度和温度,还能保证粉末不过熔,在喷涂功率为50 kW时,粉料的沉积率最高,氧化不高,涂层表面致密性好,截面结合紧密,结合强度高;Ar流量为65 L/min时,能够保证MoSi2粉末有较高的表面温度与较快飞行速度,沉积率最高,氧化不高,涂层表面致密,几乎没有孔隙与裂纹。因此,调控超音速等离子体喷涂工艺参数能够在带SiC涂层的C/C复合材料表面得到致密且结合良好的MoSiO2涂层。     

硼硅酸凝胶包覆层对铜粉抗氧化性和导电性的影响

铜电子浆料作为银电子浆料最为理想的替代材料,其越来越受到人们青睐,但铜的性质活泼,极易被氧化.为解决铜电子浆料在高温烧结时铜粉易被氧化的问题,以无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯、硼酸三丁酯为原料制作SiO_2-B_2O_3溶胶,用SiO_2-B_2O_3溶胶对经过盐酸酸洗过的铜粉进行包覆,将包覆后的铜粉制成浆料并印刷到陶瓷模板上,600℃烧结制备得到铜导电膜层.通过四探针测试仪测试铜导电膜层的电导率,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察不同量溶胶包覆的铜粉的表面形貌,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)及热重分析仪(TGA)考察溶胶包覆铜粉700℃烧结后的氧化情况.结果表明,在m(SiO_2-B_2O_3)∶m(Cu)=10%时,硼硅酸溶胶恰好均匀包覆铜粉而无多余溶胶堆积铜粉之间,此时铜导电膜层导电性能最好,其相对电导率为57%;铜粉700℃高温烧结后几乎没有被氧化,铜粉表面仅有极少量的氧化亚铜生成.实验结果证明,在合适的硼硅酸溶胶包覆率下,铜粉在700℃以下具有良好的抗氧化性,铜导电膜层也具有良好的导电性能.