基于Modet小波的滚动轴承故障信号奇异性分析

针对滚动轴承故障信号分析中单一频域表征的问题，提出了将Morlet连续小波变换应用于故障信号奇异性提取和分析的新方法。在分析了滚动轴承故障信号的奇异性特征和奇异性信号小波检测机理的基础上，将Morlet连续小波用于对滚动轴承故障信息的提取与分析。试验证明，该方案能有效地对滚动轴承故障信号在时间和尺度平面进行分析，可以同时表征奇异性信号的时间和频率信息。     

基于自适应最优Morlet小波的滚动轴承故障诊断

滚动轴承早期故障信号中故障信息比较微弱常常被强噪声所掩盖,增加了对滚动轴承故障诊断的难度。针对这一问题,笔者提出了基于自适应最优Morlet小波变换的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先,利用粒子群优化算法对Morlet小波变换的核心参数进行自适应寻优,在获得最优Morlet小波的同时保证了良好的带通滤波性能;然后,将最优Morlet小波对滚动轴承早期故障信号进行滤波去噪,提高信号的信噪比;最后,对最优Morlet小波滤波信号进行包络谱分析,通过包络谱中的主导频率成分与滚动轴承各元件的故障特征频率对比从而判断轴承的故障位置。仿真数据和实测数据分析结果证明,笔者所提方法能够有效提取故障信号中的特征信息,具有一定的有效性。     

基于最优Morlet小波的滚动轴承故障诊断

将最优Morlet小波和阈值降噪法相结合,进行强噪声背景下滚动轴承故障诊断.依据峭度最大准则确定最优Morlet小波基.利用连续小波变换和软阈值法对振动信号降噪.试验表明,该方法具有良好的去噪性能,并能更好地提取滚动轴承振动信号中的故障特征.     

Morlet小波对于压缩机故障信号的研究

针对目前压缩机故障信号分析中存在的问题,提出了用Morlet连续小波对故障信号进行提取和识别。在停车情况下,对压缩机故障进行检查,验证了Morlet连续小波在故障信号提取和识别中的可行性和正确性。     

时频等高图在旋转机械振动故障信号检测中的应用

提出用基于Morlet小波变换的时频等高图检测信号中奇异性的方法。旋转机械某些故障发生时将产生具有奇异性的非平稳信号，检没出振动信号中的奇异性对于设备状态监测和故障早期诊断很有意义。小波变换在时域和频域内同时具有局部化能力，是分析故障信号奇异性的有利工具，为旋转机械故障检测提供了新思路。文中通过对仿真的旋转机械转子各类振动突变信号进行分析，说明Morlet小波时频等高图能直观表示信号中的微弱奇异成分，可以有效提取信号中的微弱奇异特征。     

BSS与Morlet小波变换在轴承声学故障诊断中的研究

声音信号的测试与分析是滚动轴承故障检测与诊断的一种新方法,但其信噪比较低,因此提出了基于盲源分离技术和自适应Morlet小波变换诊断轴承声学信号故障的新方法。首先利用小波包将单通道的声音信号分离成2个虚拟通道的声音信号,再用盲源分离技术将信号进行源信号的提取,然后利用最小Shannon熵对Morlet小波的形状参数进行优化,找到与所测声音信号特征成份最匹配的小波,再对小波系数矩阵进行奇异值分解,通过奇异值与变化尺度的关系曲线得到最佳小波变换尺度,最后对滚动轴承故障信号进行Morlet小波变换进行故障特征提取。结果表明:该方法能有效地从强噪声背景下提取出轴承声学信号的故障。     

自适应Morlet小波降噪方法及在轴承故障特征提取中的应用

分析了Morlet小波变换的滤波特性及其时频分辨率,利用Morlet小波良好的时域和频域特性及奇异值分解技术,提出了一种基于自适应Morlet小波和SVD的降噪方法。针对滚动轴承故障在振动信号中表现为冲击衰减波形的特点,采用修正的Shannon熵方法同时优化Morlet小波的中心频率与带宽参数,实现其与冲击特征成分的最优匹配;针对根据小波系数矩阵奇异值曲线的过渡阶段求取最佳变换尺度的方法存在着不够快捷方便的不足,将其与小波系数奇异值比方法相结合来快速方便地求得最佳变换尺度;最后对信号进行降噪处理提取故障特征。对仿真信号和实际轴承内外圈故障信号的应用分析表明,该方法具有良好的降噪性能,能有效地提取出滚动轴承的微弱故障特征。     

基于余弦调频小波变换的滚动轴承故障研究

针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的特点，构造余玄调频小波，采用连续小波变换的方法来提取滚动轴承故障振动信号的特征，在此基础上提出了一种滚动轴承故障诊断方法：时间一小波能量谱自相关分析法。通过对滚动轴承具有缺陷的情况下振动信号的分析，说明时间一小波能量谱自相关分析法不仅能检测到滚动轴承故障的存在，而且能有效地识别滚动轴承的故障模式。     

连续小波变换在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用

针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的特点，构造脉冲响应小波，采用连续小波变换的方法来提取滚动轴承故障振动信号的特征，在此基础上提出了两种滚动轴承故障诊断方法：尺度——小波能量谱比较法和时间——小波能量谱自相关分析法。通过对滚动轴承外圈和内圈故障振动信号的分析，说明两种方法不仅能检测到滚动轴承故障的存在，而且能有效识别滚动轴承的故障模式，从而为滚动轴承故障诊断提供了一种新途径。     

基于小波原理的滚动轴承振动信号包络提取法

小波分析是获得广泛应用的信号处理新技术。这里根据小波能对信号包络提取的原理对滚动轴承的振动信号进行了研究，应用基于小波原理的自信息包络提取法，同时把该方法应用于分析滚动轴承故障，证明该方法能更有效地提取滚动轴承的信号包络，适用于分析滚动轴承故障。     

基于改进消失矩复小波的输电线路故障测距

针对输电线路故障测距时所使用实小波变换结果是实数、缺乏相位信息以及频带混叠等缺陷,提出利用改进消失矩的高斯复小波处理故障信号。首先,分析消失矩对小波时频域的影响;然后,从故障信号的奇异性出发,分析辨识奇异性的Lipschitz指数与消失矩的关系,提出消失矩的改进判据;最后,利用高斯复小波对输电线路故障信号进行处理,根据变换结果中的邻幅比和相位畸变率而选取最优消失矩。仿真和实验表明,笔者提出的改进消失矩高斯复小波增强了信号奇异性检测能力,有效地抑制了干扰,使其减少17.84%,并稳定了相位信息,使相位畸变率减小4.12%。同时,改进消失矩复小波测距结果的误差比普通消失矩的高斯复小波的测距结果误差减少6.06%,比实小波测距结果误差减少5.82%。     

Application of Hermitian wavelet to crack fault detection in gearbox

The continuous wavelet transform enables one to look at the evolution in the time scale joint representation plane. This advantage makes it very suitable for the detection of singularity generated by localized defects in the mechanical system. However, most of the applications of the continuous wavelet transform have widely focused on the use of Morlet wavelet transform. The complex Hermitian wavelet is constructed based on the first and the second derivatives of the Gaussian function to detect signal singularities. The Fourier spectrum of Hermitian wavelet is real; therefore, Hermitian wavelet does not affect the phase of a signal in the complex domain. This gives a desirable ability to extract the singularity characteristic of a signal precisely. In this study, Hermitian wavelet is used to diagnose the gear localized crack fault. The simulative and experimental results show that Hermitian wavelet can extract the transients from strong noise signals and can effectively diagnose the localized gear fault.     

SINGULARITY ANALYSIS USING CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORM FOR BEARING FAULT DIAGNOSIS

In this paper, wavelet transform is applied to detect abrupt changes in the vibration signals obtained from operating bearings being monitored. In particular, singularity analysis across all scales of the continuous wavelet transform is performed to identify the location (in time) of defect-induced bursts in the vibration signals. Through modifying the intensity of the wavelet transform modulus maxima, defect-related vibration signature is highlighted and can be easily associated with the bearing defect characteristic frequencies for diagnosis. Due to the fact that vibration characteristics of faulty bearings are complex and defect-related vibration signature is normally buried in the wideband noise and high frequency structural resonance, simple signal processing cannot be used to detect bearing fault. We show, through experimental results, that the proposed method has the ability to discriminate noise from the signal significantly and is robust to bearing operating conditions, such as load and speed, and severity of the bearing damage. These properties are desirable for automatic detection of machine faults.     

Time–frequency analysis for bearing fault diagnosis using multiple Q-factor Gabor wavelets

Rolling element bearings are key and also vulnerable machine elements in rotating machinery. Fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings is significant for guaranteeing machinery safety and functionality. To accurately extract bearing diagnostic information, a time–frequency analysis method based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and multiple Q-factor Gabor wavelets (MQGWs) (termed CMQGWT) is introduced in this paper. In the CMQGWT method, Gabor wavelets with multiple Q-factors are adopted and sets of the continuous wavelet coefficients for each Q-factor are combined to generate time–frequency map. By this way, the resolution of the CWT time–frequency map can be greatly increased and the diagnostic information can be accurately identified. Numerical simulation is carried out and verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. Case studies and comparisons with the continuous Morlet wavelet transform (CMWT) and the tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT) demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the CMQGWT for bearing diagnostic information extraction and fault identification.     

基于小波变换和ICA的滚动轴承早期故障诊断

滚动轴承早期故障诊断的关键在于如何从低信噪比混合信号中检测出显著的轴承故障特征频率。提出以连续小波变换(CWT)和独立分量分析(ICA)相结合的方法来诊断单通道信号的滚动轴承早期故障,提出按频谱等间隔选取伪中心频率的小波分解尺度,并对ICA处理后的信号进行包络频谱分析以确定故障类型。最后,利用实际的滚动轴承实验数据对该方法进行了验证。     

复小波分解联合SVD提取振动信号非平稳特征

针对齿轮箱故障信号的多分量多频调制特点,提出了一种基于奇异值分解的最优小波解调技术。首先,采用小波变换的最小Shannon熵作为时间尺度分辨率的度量指标,将其应用到Morlet分析小波的参数优化选择中;其次,对常规小波参数选择方法进行了改进,利用奇异值分解技术对最优小波变化尺度进行了迭代搜索。该方法可以很好地降低噪声信号,有效提取信号中的周期成分,具有较好的瞬态信息提取能力。试验结果也表明了该方法在齿轮箱故障特征提取中的重要性以及降噪方法的有效性。