无卤膨胀阻燃PP/PA6合金性能研究

研究了以聚磷酸铵（APP）、三聚氰胺（MA）和层状复合金属氢氧化物（LDH）复配得到的膨胀阻燃剂（IFR）对聚丙烯／尼龙6（PP／PA6）合金性能的影响，分析了不同阻燃体系对PP／PA6合金的阻燃性能、力学性能、热性能和微观形态的影响。结果表明，当APP／MA／LDH为21．0／7．5／1．5（质量比）时，PP／PA6合金具有较好的阻燃性能并能保持较高的力学性能。LDH可以提高阻燃材料的热稳定性和残炭量，而且SEM照片显示炭层微观形态为“面包”状的膨松状。     

PET/PBT共混导电复合材料的研究

采用DSC（差示扫描量热法）对PET／PBT合金的相容性进行了研究，探讨了导电炭黑加入量对PET／PBT合金的导电性能与力学性能的影响。结果表明，PET／PBT共混物在非晶区相容而在晶区不相容或部分相容，导电炭黑填充PET／PBT合金的渗流阈值为15％，导电炭黑的填充对合金的力学性能有负面的影响。     

聚芳醚腈/聚苯硫醚合金的制备及性能研究

将聚芳醚腈(PEN)与商用聚苯硫醚(PPS)按不同比例通过熔融共混制备系列合金材料。研究结果显示PEN与PPS有较好的相容性,共混合金的力学性能处于纯聚合物力学性能区间。通过流变研究表明PPS与PEN的共混物在剪切条件下,黏度较纯PEN树脂有明显降低,有效改善了后者的加工性能,合金的耐热性能较PPS树脂有大幅提高。     

PP/PA6/EPDM-g-GMA合金性能的研究

在聚丙烯（PP）中加入10％～40％（质量分数）的PA6及反应增容剂EPDM—g—GMA对PP进行共混改性．观察和分析了共混合金的形貌及等温结晶形态，测试了合金的力学性能。结果表明：PP／PA6体系中加入EPDM—g—GMA后相容性改善；PP球晶尺寸随PA6的混入而减小，且PA6结晶相分布PP晶区内和PP晶区之问，加入EPDM—g—GMA后PA6结晶相尺寸减小；PP／队6体系中加入EPDM—g—GMA可起到反应增容和橡胶增韧的协同效应，使材料的韧性比纯PP明显提高；PP／PA6体系的杨氏模量高于PP，加入EPDM-g-GMA后杨氏模量比未增容体系提高不显著；PP／PA6体系的屈服强度随PA6用量的增加而下降，加入EPDM—g-GMA后屈服强度高于未增容体系但略低于PP。     

PET/MFMB复合材料的力学性能、热性能的研究

用力学性能测定、DSC和熔体流动速率（MFR）测定法研究聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯／多功能母料（PET／MFMB）复合材料的力学性能和热性能。结果表明，当MFMB的含量为22％时，PET／MFMB复合材料的冲击强度、断裂伸长率分别出现极大值；复合材料中PET、PP的熔点比纯PET、纯PP的稍有降低，当PET／MFMB＝78／22时降低的幅度稍大；复合材料的MFR在PET／MFMB＝78／22时出现转变点。     

PPS/PA6合金的研究

为了改善聚苯硫醚(PPS)的性能,降低应用成本,制备了一系列不同组成的PPS／尼龙6(PA6)合金,通过热失重分析,拉伸性能、冲击性能测试及扫描电子显微镜观察等研究了合金的热行为、力学性能及微观形态：结果表明,PPS／PA6合金具有良好的耐热性能,PPS和PA6有较好的相容性,PA6的加入可以改善PPS的力学性能。     

PPS/PA1010合金的制备及其力学性能研究

选用丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-AA）和自制的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）嵌段共聚苯乙烯（St）接枝聚丙烯[PP—g-（GMA—CO—St）]为增容剂,采用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出法制备了PPS／PA1010／PP—g—AA合金和PPS／PA1010／PP-g-（GMA—CO-St）合金,并分别对两种合金的力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,在保持合金其它力学性能不下降的情况下,随着PP—g—AA含量的增加,共混合金的冲击强度先提高后降低,当PP-g—AA含量为7份时,冲击强度比原合金提高了86．7％,比纯PPS提高了39．3％;而随着PP—g-（GMA—CO—St）含量的增加,冲击强度也有明显提高。     

PTW反应性增容PP/PET热致形状记忆共混合金的性能研究

以乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(PTW)作为反应性增容剂,采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/PTW(PP/PET/PTW)共混合金。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、万能试验机考察了PTW对PP/PET共混合金相容性、力学性能和热致形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明:少量PTW即可明显改善PP与PET之间的相容性,提高PP/PET共混合金的力学性能和热致形状记忆性能。     

GMA/St双组分单体熔融接枝聚丙烯的研究

分别以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）和马来酸酐（MAH）为接枝单体，苯乙烯（St）为接枝共单体，过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂对聚丙烯（PP）进行熔融接枝，研究了接枝单体的种类、组分配比等因素对PP的接枝率和熔体流动速率等的影响，并研究了接枝PP的力学性能和耐热变形性能。实验结果表明：作为接枝单体，GMA比MAH更具有优越性；双组分单体熔融接枝PP的接枝率和性能优于单组分单体熔融接枝；接枝PP的结晶参数受其接枝率的影响；当PP／GMA／St／DCP=100／6／3／0、3时，PP—g^-（GMA—CO—St）的接枝率最高，力学性能和耐热变形性能最好。     

双酚A型聚芳醚腈共聚物的合成与性能

以双酚A(BP-A),间苯二酚(RS)和2,6-二氯苯甲腈(DCBN)为原料,在常压下通过溶液缩聚合成了一种无定形双酚-A型聚芳醚腈及其共聚物[PEN(BP-A/RS)]。用IR、DSC、TG等对PEN(BP-A/RS)共聚物结构、热性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,其聚合物为无定形高分子,并且具有较高的热稳定性和力学性能,玻璃化转变温度Tg随共聚物的组成不同而变化(158～174℃),5%热失重温度为484～505℃,拉伸强度为88～92 MPa。     

Compatibility,rheological, and thermal properties of the melt blends of PEN (HQ/PP) with PEN (HQ/RS)

Two kinds of polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) copolymers PEN (HQ/PP) and PEN (HQ/RS) were synthesized using 2,6-dicholorobenzonitrile (DCBN) with equal molar of phenolphthalein (PP) and hydroquinone (HQ), DCBN with equal molar of HQ and resorcin (RS), respectively. The melt-mixed blends of two PENs over the complete composition range were characterized by dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA), tensile testing, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and capillary rheometer test for their compatibility, thermal, mechanical, and melt flow properties study. DMA show a considerable compatibility between the two PENs. Morphology examinations reveal good component dispersion and strong interface adhesion. The capillary rheometer test found that the blending of PEN (HQ/RS) enhanced the fluidity of the PEN (HQ/PP)/PEN (HQ/RS) blends by reducing its viscosity, which is beneficial to the processability of PEN (HQ/PP). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

长纤维增强PP复合材料的制备与性能研究

通过开炼–模压成型工艺方法,制备了长玻璃纤维(LGF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,首先研究了β成核剂对纯PP力学性能和结晶性能的影响,在此基础上研究了LGF对PP/LGF复合材料力学、结晶性能及热稳定性的影响,最后探讨了增容剂马来酸酐接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM-g-MAH)对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,β成核剂可以改善PP的冲击韧性,但降低了PP的拉伸和弯曲强度,当β成核剂质量分数为0.2%时,PP的综合性能最好;随LGF含量增加,PP/LGF复合材料的拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度及结晶度总体上呈先增大后减小的趋势,不同LGF含量下的复合材料起始热分解温度均在390℃以上,当LGF质量分数为20%时,复合材料的综合性能最好;少量的EPDM-g-MAH能改善LGF与PP基体的界面相容性,大幅增强了复合材料的韧性,其最适宜的质量分数为10%。     

Crystallinity of poly(arylene ether nitrile) copolymers containing hydroquinone and bisphenol A segments

The hydroquinone (HQ) and bisphenol A (BPA) type poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN) (HQ/BPA‐PEN) were synthesized through nucleophilic aromatic substitution polymerization from HQ, BPA, and 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile (DCBN). The prepared copolymers were characterized by intrinsic viscosity, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and dynamic rheological analysis. The properties of resultant copolymers were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical testing. The results showed that the PEN copolymers exhibited crystallization performance with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. HQ/BPA‐PEN10 was made into films by solution‐casting process and then were treated at different temperatures (200, 260, 280, 300, 310, and 320 °C) for different times (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h) to investigate the crystallinity. Results showed that when isothermal treatment temperature is 310 °C and isothermal treating time is 4 h, HQ/BPA‐PEN10 showed best properties. At this condition, the melting enthalpy, crystallinity, tensile strength, and elongation at break of the sample is 17.7 J/g, 14.11%, 132.9 MPa, and 6.1%, respectively. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46412.     

Synthesis of phenolphthalein/bisphenol A-based poly(arylene ether nitrile) copolymers: Preparation and properties of films

Poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN) is a class of high-performance engineering plastics of poly(arylene ether) with cyano groups as side groups, which can get improved thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties through simple molecular structure design. In this work, a series of PEN (BPA/PP based PEN) copolymers were synthesized with varying amounts of phenolphthalein and bisphenol A. The influence of the copolymer molecular structure variations on the thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of PEN copolymer films was investigated. The results demonstrated that the BPA/PP based PEN copolymer films have great mechanical properties and low dielectric constant, as well as enhanced thermal properties. The highest 5% weight loss temperature of 494.9°C was obtained by PEN-B7P3, while the highest glass transition temperature of 238.6°C was obtained by PEN-B3P7. Porous BPA/PP based PEN films prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) exhibited satisfactory mechanical properties and the highest tensile strength of 9.4 MPa was achieved. Moreover, the introduction of the phenolphthalein structure into the PEN molecular chain can improve the heat resistance of the PEN copolymers without deteriorating the dielectric properties, which gives the copolymers great potential as candidates for applications in flexible electronics and wireless communication.     

有机蒙脱土/丁基橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶的制备与性能

采用动态硫化法制备了有机蒙脱土（OMMT）/丁基橡胶（IIR）/聚丙烯（PP）热塑性硫化胶（TPV）,考察了OMMT的用量和IIR/PP的质量比对TPV的物理机械性能、动态力学性能及热性能的影响。结果表明,当OMMT的用量为20份时,TPV的物理机械性能较佳,Payne效应最弱,OMMT均匀地分布在基体中,阻尼性能较好,有效阻尼温域较大。OMMT对PP的结晶行为有促进作用,OMMT加入量越多,复合体系的结晶温度越高。当IIR/PP的质量比为60/40时,Payne效应较弱,体系中IIR、PP及OMMT之间的相容性较好。     

超支化聚合物对聚丙烯/剑麻纤维复合材料性能影响

为改善剑麻纤维(SF)与聚丙烯(PP)之间的相容性,在PP/SF复合材料中添加超支化聚酯(H101)、超支化环氧树脂(E102),研究了两种超支化聚合物(HBP)的热稳定性及对PP/SF复合材力学性能、熔体流动性和微观形貌的影响。热重分析表明,所使用的HBP均具有较好的热稳定性;扫描电子显微镜分析发现,HBP的加入使基体与纤维结合得更加紧密;力学性能测试表明,H101可不同程度地提高复合材料的拉伸、弯曲及冲击强度;E102可提高复合材料的拉伸及冲击强度,当E102含量为10%时,与PP/SF复合材料相比,冲击强度提高了72.24%。尽管HBP含量较高时复合材料的力学性能提高,但HBP会降低复合材料的熔体流动速率,选择HBP含量时需要综合考虑。     

Thermoplastic rubber/PP elastomers toward extremely low thermal expansion

Fine regulation of the microstructure of rubber/polypropylene (PP) alloys could remarkably reduce the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) while retaining the mechanical properties similar to those of thermoplastic elastomers. Rubber/PP elastomers with different morphologies were successfully prepared by controlling the appropriate rubber type, viscosity ratio, and processing method. The CLTE of the polymer alloy parallel to the microlayer directions was considerably reduced when the rubber domains were deformed into microlayers and co‐continuous with plastic domains. The thickness of the PP layers played a crucial role on CLTE reduction. The CLTE considerably decreased with reduced thickness of the PP layer. The sample with a co‐continuous microlayer structure exhibited good flexibility, high elongation, low hardness, and permanent deformation. Thus, low‐thermal‐expansion elastomer materials may have wide applications. Stress relaxation and strain recovery of the ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer/PP (70/30 wt %) blend were investigated to further clarify the influence of co‐continuous microlayer structure on mechanical properties. Anisotropic mechanical properties were consistent with the morphology. Results of the stress relaxation behavior test would provide further support to the mechanism of the low thermal expansion of blends with co‐continuous microlayer structure. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43902.     

聚丙烯/稀土氧化物复合材料性能与微观结构

以稀土氧化镧(La2O3)和氧化铈(CeO2)为改性剂,聚丙烯(PP)为基体,通过熔融混合挤出制得PP/稀土氧化物复合材料。对该复合材料的力学性能、耐热性、流动性进行了测试和分析,采用扫描电镜对其微观结构进行观察,对稀土氧化物改性PP机理进行了讨论。结果表明,La2O3改性PP比PP基体力学性能、耐热性、流动性均有提升,CeO2对PP基体增韧效果明显。稀土氧化物粒子在复合材料中分散均匀、与PP相容性良好,稀土氧化物使PP得到有效增强增韧。