水基冷冻干燥工艺制备层状结构多孔SiC陶瓷

以微米级SiC粉体为原料,利用冷冻干燥和原位反应烧结制备了具有层状孔道结构的SiC多孔陶瓷.XRD分析表明多孔陶瓷的主相是α-SiC,结合相是方石英;SEM观察到多孔陶瓷具有相互连通的开孔结构;多孔SiC陶瓷的总孔隙率和开孔隙率随固相含量和烧结温度的增加而下降.多孔陶瓷的孔径分布呈现双峰分布特点,大孔孔径峰值介于20～80 μm,小孔孔径峰值为0.5～0.9 μm.在原位反应烧结过程中,在1100℃以上SiC开始发生氧化形成SiO2结合的多孔SiC陶瓷,显著提高了陶瓷的压缩强度.随着烧结温度从1000℃提高到1500℃,固相含量为30vol%的多孔SiC陶瓷开孔率从68.9%下降到61.8%,压缩强度由5.5 MPa升至25.5 MPa.     

CaCO_3掺杂下原位反应制备SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷的性能研究

以Al2O3粉末、SiC粉末为主要原料通过原位反应烧结技术,添加CaCO3为烧结助剂制备了SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷,研究了不同CaCO3添加量对于SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷的相组成、显微结构、抗弯强度、气孔率的影响,结果表明:通过添加CaCO3这一碱土金属化合物,不仅能够增强SiC颗粒间的颈部连接,同时研究表明当CaCO3含量为4%时,在1400℃下保温3h制备的样品综合性能最佳,其孔隙率为35.3%,抗弯强度达到51.9MPa。     

氟化铝添加量对碳化硅/莫来石复合多孔陶瓷性能的影响

本文以碳化硅(SiC)、气相SiO2、纳米Al2O3和AlF3·H2O为原料,制备出了碳化硅/莫来石复合多孔陶瓷,主要研究了AlFa·H2O添加量、烧结温度对多孔陶瓷抗弯强度、气孔率、孔径分布等性能的影响.用SEM、XRD研究了多孔陶瓷的微观形貌和物相组成.结果表明:AlF3·H2O对莫来石的生成有明显的促进作用,1300℃时,添加AlF3·H2O的样品中检测到莫来石相,多孔陶瓷气孔率随AlF3·H2O加入量增加而升高,而抗弯强度随其增高而先增加后减小,AlF3·H2O添加量为4wt％时,多孔陶瓷气孔率为42.8％,抗弯强度为31.1 MPa.     

SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷气孔率和强度的影响因素

以煅烧高岭土、Al(OH)3粉末、SiC粉末为主要原料,以石墨为造孔剂制备了SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷,研究了造孔剂含量、碳化硅颗粒粒径以及烧结温度对SiC/莫来石复相多孔陶瓷抗弯强度和气孔率的影响,并分别用XRD和SEM分析晶相组成和断面显微结构.结果表明:当SiC粒径为60 μm,造孔剂含量为15％时,在1400℃下保温3h制备的样品综合性能最佳,其孔隙率为30.3％,抗折强度达到58.0 MPa.     

烧结温度对煤矸石多孔材料物相与性能的影响

以煤矸石为原料、硅溶胶为胶凝剂泡沫胶凝法制备煤矸石多孔材料,研究烧结过程中的物相变化和烧结温度对多孔材料抗压强度和线收缩率的影响.研究结果表明,500～800℃烧结时在低衍射角衍射峰强度降低、某些衍射峰消失,煤矸石中高岭石脱水生成偏高岭石;1150℃烧结时发生α-石英向α-鳞石英的相变和Al2O3与SiO2反应生成莫来石而出现鳞石英相与莫来石相.随着烧结温度的升高,多孔材料抗压强度和线收缩率均逐渐增大.密度约0.8 g/cm3的煤矸石多孔材料1000℃烧结后抗压强度3.85 MPa,线收缩率6.89％.     

水基冷冻干燥工艺制备莫来石结合多孔SiC陶瓷

以微米级SiC和纳米级α-Al2O3为原料,经水基冷冻干燥及原位反应烧结工艺制备莫来石结合多孔SiC陶瓷.XRD分析表明多孔陶瓷主相是α-SiC,结合相是莫来石.多孔陶瓷的孔径分布呈现双峰分布特点,大孔孔径峰值介于3 ～20 μm,小孔孔径峰值为0.5 ～1 μm.体系中SiC固相含量及烧结温度对多孔陶瓷显微结构及性能有显著影响.当SiC固相含量由20vol％增至30vol％时,多孔陶瓷的孔结构由间距为20～ 30 μm、且定向排列的层状结构演变为孔径约为4μm的定向通孔结构.当烧结温度由1200℃升至1500℃时,多孔SiC陶瓷开气孔率由66％下降至64％,抗压缩强度由4.5 MPa升至16 MPa.     

硅锭线切割回收料制备SiC多孔陶瓷的研究

以硅锭线切割回收料为主要原料、Al2O3为烧结助剂、石墨粉为造孔剂.用普通烧结工艺制备了SiC多孔陶瓷.着重研究了Al2O3添加量对SiC多孔陶瓷的形貌、热膨胀系数、气孔率以及力学性能的影响.结果表明:当Al2O3和石墨添加量分别为30wt%和10wt%,在1450℃温度下烧成的多孔陶瓷的气孔率高达42.21%、弯强度达到30.5Mpa、热膨胀系数为6.64×10-6K-1,可以满足在熔融金属过滤等方面的应用.     

聚合物模板法制备氧化铝-氧化锆泡沫陶瓷

将发泡聚苯乙烯小球(epispastic polystyrene,EPS)排列成有序的模板,通过离心成型技术制备孔壁致密、孔径均匀的Al2O3-ZrO2泡沫陶瓷.观察了EPS模板的可压缩特性,分析了浆料固相含量对离心成型过程中物质分离现象的影响,研究了不同烧结温度对Al2O3-ZrO2泡沫陶瓷的烧结密度、孔隙率和压缩强度的影响并表征了宏观孔结构和孔壁断面的微观结构.结果表明:用50%(体积分数)固相含量的浆料可制备出孔壁均匀的样品,在样品的不同部位,Al2O3和ZrO2的分布及相对含量基本相同,物质分离现象被很好的抑制.随着烧结温度的从1 450 ℃提高到1 600 ℃,Al2O3-ZrO2泡沫陶瓷的烧结密度增加、孔隙率降低.在1 550 ℃烧结2 h,样品的抗压强度可达2.07 MPa.     

高气孔率及低热导率多孔莫来石陶瓷的制备(英文)

采用叔丁醇基凝胶注模工艺制备多孔莫来石陶瓷,研究了固含量和烧结工艺对多孔莫来石陶瓷显微结构、气孔率、气孔尺寸及分布、压缩强度和室温热导率的影响。结果表明,固含量相同时,随着烧结温度的升高,多孔莫来石陶瓷的气孔率不断降低,而抗压强度则不断增加;当固含量为15%、烧结温度为1 350℃时,多孔莫来石陶瓷的气孔率最高为71.7%,平均气孔孔径为3.49μm,而热导率则低至0.103W/(m·K)。通过改变烧结温度和初始固含量可调整多孔莫来石陶瓷的微观结构和性能。     

稀土La2O3添加对氧化铝多孔陶瓷性能的影响

以煅烧α-Al2O3为原料,稀土氧化镧(La2O3)为添加剂,羧甲基纤维素为成型粘结剂,通过混料、困料、研磨、模压成型、高温烧结等工序制备了氧化铝多孔陶瓷,研究了烧结温度及La2O3添加量对氧化铝多孔陶瓷的线收缩率、体积密度、孔隙率、抗折强度和微观形貌的影响。结果表明:在相同烧结温度下,随稀土添加量的增加,多孔陶瓷的体积密度、线收缩率与抗折强度均降低,而孔隙率则逐渐增加。微观形貌与X衍射分析表明,稀土La2O3的加入,抑制了氧化铝颗粒间的烧结,并在高温下与氧化铝反应生成了片状晶体LaAl11O18,片状晶LaAl11O18阻碍了氧化铝晶粒的长大,进而抑制了坯体的收缩,最终使得氧化铝多孔陶瓷具有较高的孔隙率。     

聚碳硅烷粘结法低温制备碳化硅多孔陶瓷

分别以平均粒径为10μm和20μm的两种规格碳化硅(SiC)粉末为原料、聚碳硅烷(PCS)为粘结剂,通过包混、过筛、模压成型、1000℃热解等工序制备了SiC多孔陶瓷,研究了PCS含量对SiC多孔陶瓷微观形貌、线收缩率、孔隙率与抗弯强度的影响,并对两种规格粉末制备的SiC多孔陶瓷性能进行了对比。结果表明:随着PCS含量的增加,两种规格粉末制备的SiC多孔陶瓷微观形貌都逐渐变得致密,当PCS含量为13%时,两种规格粉末制备的多孔陶瓷都出现了微观裂纹。随着PCS含量的增加,两种规格粉末制备的SiC多孔陶瓷孔隙率都逐渐降低,线收缩率都逐渐增大,抗弯强度先增大后降低,在PCS含量为10%时,平均粒径为10μm与20μm的SiC粉末制备的多孔陶瓷抗弯强度取得最大值,分别为31.6MPa与29.0MPa。     

ρ-Al2O3添加量对原位反应结合碳化硅膜支撑体性能的影响

以黑色碳化硅为骨料,添加不同含量的ρ-Al2O3,在1430℃、无压条件下,用碳化硅表面氧化产生的SiO2与Al2O3反应制备多孔碳化硅膜支撑体,研究了ρ-Al2O3添加量对碳化硅支撑体粘结相组成及性能的影响。结果表明,ρ-Al2O3添加量由3wt%增加到15wt%时,试样烧结后粘结相中莫来石相增多,石英相减少但不能完全消除,支撑体的显气孔率降低,孔径减小,透气度由1127.8 m3?cm/(m2?h?kPa)下降到210.4 m3?cm/(m2?h?kPa);支撑体抗弯强度先增大后降低,ρ-Al2O3添加量为9wt%时,支撑体抗弯强度为25.1 MPa,透气度为372.7 m3?cm/(m2?h?kPa),支撑体的综合性能满足高温含尘气体过滤的要求。     

莫来石结合碳化硅高温吸热陶瓷抗氧化性能的研究

以碳化硅及合成莫来石微粉为主要原料,制备了用于非真空太阳能吸热管的莫来石结合碳化硅高温陶瓷涂层。针对碳化硅基材料高温氧化问题,测定了样品的烧成增重率及亮度并结合XRD、SEM研究了莫来石结合碳化硅陶瓷的抗氧化性能。结果表明,莫来石添加量为20%,经1 380℃烧成样品的抗氧化性最好,其增重率为7.49%,亮度值为46.61。XRD分析烧结体主晶相为碳化硅(α-SiC)和莫来石(3Al2O3.2SiO2),并含有少量的方石英(SiO2),莫来石作为结合相在碳化硅晶粒周围形成"骨架",与SiO2玻璃相形成三围的网状保护层包裹在碳化硅表面,阻止碳化硅氧化。     

不同铝源对SiC/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷的制备及性能影响

以碳化硅、氮化铝、层析氧化铝、氢氧化铝、氟化铝、滑石为主要原料,石墨为造孔剂通过原位反应烧结技术制备碳化硅/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷.研究了含铝化合物种类、烧结温度、石墨含量对SiC/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷相组成、微观结构、气孔率和抗折强度的影响,同时对S0组在1200℃烧结温度下制得的SiC/堇青石复合多孔陶瓷的孔径分布进行了测试分析.结果表明:以AlN为铝源在1200℃下烧结,石墨含量在15％时,堇青石结合SiC多孔陶瓷的抗弯强度和气孔率两项综合性能达到最优,气孔率为31.99％,相应的弯曲强度86.20 MPa.S0组的平均孔径大小在3.0191 μm.     

Recycling of waste red mud for fabrication of SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics

SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics were fabricated from recycled solid red mud (RM) waste. The porous ceramics were formed using a graphite pore forming agent, RM, Al(OH)₃ and SiC in the presence of catalysts. The influence of firing temperature and the pore-forming agent content on the mechanical performance, porosity and the microstructure of the porous SiC ceramics were investigated. Optimal preparation condition were determined by some testing. The results indicated that the flexural strength of specimens increased as a function of firing temperature and a reduction in graphite content, which concomitantly decreased porosity. The ceramic prepared under optimal conditions having 15?wt% graphite and sintered at 1350?°C, demonstrated excellent performance. Under optimal preparation conditions the flexural strength and porosity of the ceramic were 49.4?MPa and 31.4%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observation result showed that rod-shape mullite grains endowed the samples with high flexural strength and porosity. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the main crystallization phases of the porous ceramics were 6H-SiC, mullite, cristobalite and alumina. This work demonstrates that RM can be sucessfully reused as a new raw material for SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics.     

氧化铝料浆预浸料结合PIP工艺制备SiC/Al2O3-SiC陶瓷基复合材料及性能研究

连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料（SiC/SiC）具有低密度、耐高温、低氚渗透率和优异的辐照稳定性的优点，在航空、航天、核能等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文针对PIP工艺制备SiC/SiC复合材料周期长、孔隙率较高及易氧化的问题，通过料浆预浸料工艺在基体中引入氧化铝陶瓷形成SiC/Al2O3-SiC复相基体复合材料，并对复合材料制备工艺过程、微观形貌及力学性能进行系统表征。分析结果表明，SiC/Al2O3-SiC复相基体复合材料制备周期较传统PIP工艺大幅度缩短，且复合材料孔隙率明显降低，从11.6%左右降低至6%，拉伸强度为316.5MPa，提升了12.3%，弯曲强度与SiC/SiC相当，但层间剪切强度较低，仅为16.3MPa，有待进一步提高。     

Low-temperature fabrication and characterization of porous SiC ceramics using silicone resin as binder

Commercially available silicone resin and silicon carbide (SiC) powders were adopted as the starting materials for the fabrication of porous SiC ceramics. During the heat treatment process, silicone resin experienced an organic–inorganic transformation and acted as the bonding material between SiC particles at a low temperature of 1000 °C. The mean particle size of starting SiC powders and silicone resin content can control the pore size, open porosity and fracture strength. The flexural strength of porous SiC ceramics increases with increasing silicone resin content and decreasing mean particle size of SiC powders. Larger pores can be obtained with coarser starting SiC powders and higher silicone resin content. The fracture surface of porous SiC ceramics was observed.     

In-situ growth of mullite whiskers and their effect on the microstructure and properties of porous mullite ceramics with an open/closed pore structure

Porous mullite ceramics with an open/closed pore structure were prepared by protein foaming method combined with fly ash hollow spheres. Both the open porosity and total porosity of samples were enhanced by increasing the hollow sphere content. Mullite whiskers with a diameter of 0.2–4 μm were grown in-situ in the porous mullite ceramics with an AlF₃ catalyst, conforming to a vapor-solid growth mechanism. The pore structure of the porous mullite ceramics was significantly affected by the mullite whiskers which increased the open porosity and total porosity. Moreover, the median pore size was reduced from 65.05 μm to 36.92 μm after the introduction of mullite whiskers. The flexural strength and the thermal conductivity of the samples decreased with increasing total porosity. The porosity dependence of the thermal conductivity was well described by the universal model, providing a reference for the prediction of thermal conductivity of porous ceramics with open/closed pores.     

Fabrication of mullite-bonded porous silicon carbide ceramics by in situ reaction bonding

An in situ reaction bonding technique was developed to fabricate mullite-bonded porous silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics in air from SiC and α-Al₂O₃, using graphite as the pore-former. Graphite is burned out to produce pores and the surface of SiC is oxidized to SiO₂ at high temperature. With further increasing the temperature, the amorphous SiO₂ converts into cristobalite and reacts with α-Al₂O₃ to form mullite (3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂). SiC particles are bonded by the mullite and oxidation-derived SiO₂ to obtain porous SiC ceramics. The reaction bonding behavior, open porosity, pore size distribution and mechanical strength of porous SiC ceramics were investigated as a function of the sintering temperature, forming pressure and graphite content. In addition, the phase composition and microstructure were also studied.     

In situ formation of mullite strengthened SiC porous ceramics via gelcasting with high strength and good alkali resistance

Mullite-bonded porous SiC ceramics sintered in air by gelcasting are still challenges due to the high porosity induced severe oxidation of SiC, which results in the formation of large amount of detrimental cristobalite phase. Here in this work, small amounts of Y₂O₃ and CaF₂ were added in SiC and Al(OH)₃ raw materials as sintering additives for the in situ growth of mullite reinforcement. This additive system promoted the reaction between oxidation-derived SiO₂ from SiC and Al₂O₃ decomposed from Al(OH)₃ to mullite phase. Almost no cristobalite phase was detected when sintered at 1450℃/2 h with CaF₂ addition of more than 2.0 wt%. Mullite whisker reinforcement was in situ formed due to the gas reaction mechanism caused by CaF₂ addition. Thus obtained porous SiC ceramics exhibited a flexural strength of 67.6 MPa at porosity of 41.3%, which maintained exceeding 36 MPa after 8 h corrosion in 10 wt% NaOH 80℃ solution, being the best performance up to now. This high performance of porous SiC was attributed to the additive induces proper phase control and in situ formation of whisker-like mullite reinforcement.