聚氯乙烯行业盐酸深度解吸技术的应用

介绍了聚氯乙烯行业含汞废酸的来源,阐述了一种含汞废酸深度解吸工艺,并对废酸解吸运行效果进行了评估。     

盐酸零解吸装置的运行及优化

介绍了盐酸零解吸工艺流程,对盐酸零解吸装置实际运行过程中出现的问题进行了技术改造。结果表明:云南南磷集团集团电化有限公司两套氯乙烯装置运行负荷为80%时,含汞废酸可以得到充分解吸,废水得到回收利用。     

采用双效蒸发工艺处理PVC含汞废水

中泰化学阜康能源有限公司含汞废水处理装置采用双效蒸发工艺,自开车以来,装置运行稳定,处理后废水中氯根质量浓度<1 000 mg/L。采用泡沫脱酸塔、浓盐酸常规解吸、稀盐酸深度解吸工艺解决了含汞废酸外排的问题;采用双效蒸发处理含汞废水工艺解决了含汞废碱外排的问题。电石法氯乙烯合成工序含汞废水经处理后得到全部回用。     

盐酸脱吸系统在电石法氯乙烯生产中的应用

阐述了盐酸脱吸的原理及工艺流程,并对盐酸脱吸系统的材质要求进行了分析。含汞废酸经过盐酸脱吸系统处理后,基本上不产生含汞废酸。     

电石法合成氯乙烯工序废水废酸废碱的综合治理新技术

通过增加盐酸深脱析装置和含汞废水深度处理装置,使含汞废酸经过常规脱析和稀酸深度脱析后,达到含汞废酸零出售,合成氯乙烯工序废水,碱洗塔循环废碱进入含汞废水处理装置,处理后水质符合国家排放标准,用于乙炔车间,实现废水,废酸,废碱的零排放。     

通过解吸装置实现含汞废酸的循环利用

通过解吸装置实现了含汞废酸的循环利用。介绍了组合塔和解吸装置的工艺流程,计算了含汞废酸的理论产量和解吸装置的理论流量,总结了运行过程中存在的问题以及处理措施和操作经验。该工艺回收氯化氢产生的经济效益约1 304万元/a,而且减少了含汞废酸的转移处置费用,减少了酸性污水的排放,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

组合塔在电石法氯乙烯生产中的应用

在电石法氯乙烯合成过程中,以组合塔代替水洗塔和泡沫塔。改造后经济效益显著,提高了盐酸的浓度,减少了含汞废酸的排放量,使含汞废酸实现最大自循环。     

电石法聚氯乙烯汞减排路线的探讨与实践

介绍了电石法聚氯乙烯生产过程中汞的流向及聚氯乙烯发展面临的巨大挑战。探讨和分析了汞减排路线：①使用高品质低汞催化剂;②发挥除汞器的作用,力争将汞污染控制在最短流程;③应用组合吸收一常规解吸一深度解吸工艺,杜绝含汞废酸污染;④采用硫化钠类沉降剂处理含汞废水。阐述了无汞催化剂的研发现状。     

VCM合成中副产盐酸深度脱析研究

介绍了电石法聚氯乙烯生产中产生含汞废酸的回收利用情况,研究了盐酸脱析系统产生的经济效益及运行中存在的不足,并提出改进措施。     

电石法PVC生产过程中废酸深解吸系统运行总结

介绍了CaCl2法盐酸深解吸工艺流程,阐述了新疆天业(集团)有限公司采用此工艺在废酸回收过程中出现的问题、注意事项以及对该工艺进行的技术改进,并指出了CaCl2法盐酸深解吸工艺存在的不足。     

盐酸生产装置技术改造

介绍了盐酸生产装置系统在冷却降温过程中出现的问题,并提出了解决方案。     

盐酸零解吸技术在氯乙烯合成中的应用

介绍了新疆中发化工有限责任公司盐酸零解吸小试结果,总结了盐酸零解吸工业化研究与生产情况,20万t/a聚氯乙烯装置盐酸零解吸氯化氢气体产生的经济效益共计1 246.24万元/a。     

A two-step acid mercury removal process for pulverized coal

A correlation predicting the effectiveness of a two-step acid wash coal cleaning protocol using sequential leaching of mercury from the coal was developed and the effectiveness of the two-step wash procedure was then determined for two bituminous coals. Increasing the hydrochloric acid concentration and temperature in the USGS four stage sequential leaching protocol increased the amount of mercury leached during the HCl step. Using these revised conditions, sequential leaching was then shown to correspond to the mercury removals achieved in the two-step wash method. Mercury removal rates of 50-70% were realized for the bituminous coals by pre-treating the coal prior to a wash with hot concentrated HCl.     

电石法PVC生产中除汞制酸工序的技术改造

对电石法PVC生产中除汞制酸工序进行技术改造，改造后降低了一次水用量和烧碱消耗量，副产的稀盐酸可全部回收，彻底地杜绝了环境污染。     

盐酸生产装置中的几点改进措施

对合成盐酸生产装置中存在的几种不安全因素提出了改进措施。     

离子交换法回收PVC含汞废盐酸的试验研究

研究了采用离子交换法处理含汞废盐酸中汞的工艺技术,实现了含汞废盐酸的回收利用,并从树脂类型、树脂再生、再生液处理3个方面进行了全过程工艺条件考察。     

1万t/a高纯盐酸装置改进小结

n the form of a national examination,through which the rulers realized the control of the装置配套的1万t/a高纯盐酸装置开车一次成功,安全平稳运行,产品质量稳定,产能达到设计目标。对改进情况进行了总结。     

Influence of hydrochloric acid concentration on the demineralization of cortical bone

Although demineralized bone matrix has been considered a successful grafting material, combining both osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, conflicting results have been published in the literature regarding its bone-inducing abilities. This may be a consequence of following different demineralization procedures that naturally result in products with different properties.The present work examines the evaluation of the demineralization process of similar samples of human cortical bone using three different concentrations of hydrochloric acid solutions (0.6 M, 1.2 M and 2.4 M). Sample calcium content was determined (by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy) at various immersion times, allowing the construction of the corresponding kinetic profiles. Phase and chemical composition were enabled by X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis, respectively. Structural modifications were followed by Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy and quantified by mercury porosimetry (in terms of porosity and pore size distribution).As expected, increasing the acid concentration led to an increase in the demineralization rate, but not in a proportional way. However, one of the most significant effects of the acid concentration was found on the sample structural features. In fact, a considerable increment in porosity was detected for the sample subjected to the highest hydrochloric acid concentration. Microscopic observations demonstrated that despite the structural deformation resultant from demineralization, the basic microstructure was preserved.     

电石法VCM清洁生产措施及应用

介绍了电石法VCM清洁生产的工艺方案。3项举措中,组合式吸收制酸工艺,流程简化、自动控制;浓酸解析工艺,氯化氢可回收再用,稀酸循环节能;稀酸除汞工艺,环保、减排、清洁生产。     

水浴消解-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中总砷和总汞

随着人类社会的发展,人为因素造成土壤重金属污染是当今世界越来越不容忽视的环境问题,其中以砷、汞最为突出。采用硝酸和盐酸混合液水浴消解土壤,硫脲和抗坏血酸作为还原剂,采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定总砷和总汞的含量。通过实验,砷、汞元素校正曲线相关系数分别为0.9996和0.9997,砷、汞方法检出限分别为0.010mg/kg和0.003mg/kg,相对标准偏差范围为1.52%～3.05%和1.21%～4.47%,表明该方法具有较好的准确性和稳定性,同时通过加标实验,砷、汞的加标回收率分别为95.5%～106.1%和93.4%～103.5%,进一步确认了该方法准确可靠。