基于Lex和Yacc的多数控代码解释器研究与应用

数控代码解释的水平和效率是影响数控加工效率的重要因素之一.介绍了Lex和Yacc在数控代码解释方面的运用及其优越性,为了提高数控代码解释效率和准确度,降低开发成本,基于Lex和Yacc开发了支持多种数控代码的线切割数控代码解释器.在此基础上利用Qt设计了Linux下用于电火花线切割系统的多数控代码解释器用户应用程序.     

一种数控程序编译方法的研究

介绍了如何在数控程序编译器中应用Lex和Yacc两个工具，对数控程序的编译给出了一种良好的解决方法，举例说明了实现过程，是程序解析一种很好的解决方法。     

Lex和Yacc在软PLC开发系统中的应用

实现对PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）编程语言的编译是软PLC开发系统的主要功能和重要组成部分．文中待编译的PLC编程语言为符合国际标准的IEC1131-3规定的指令表（IL）语言。基于Linux操作系统，文章首先讨论了对指令表进行编译的步骤，分析了如何利用扫描程序生成软件Lex开发词法分析器，以及利用分析程序生成软件Yacc（Yet another compiler-compiler）开发语法分析器的方法，然后将二者结合起来，完成了对指令表的词法分析和语法分析，并给出了关键部分的程序片段，最后通过实例验证了方法的正确性及可行性。     

基于小功率SLS系统的EDM电极快速制备实验研究

快速工具技术是当今快速成形技术的重要研究内容之一，在介绍EDM电极快速制备工艺的基础上，研究了基于小功率激光烧结系统的EDM电极快速制备工艺，并深入分析了工艺过程的影响因素，同时探讨了该种工艺所制备EDM电极的损耗机理。     

电火花成型辅助设计与加工仿真系统的开发

研究了电火花成型（EDM）中因电极平动所造成的加工误差，提出了其于二维及三维的电极平动补偿方法，开发了以UG系统为平台的电极平动补偿及加工仿真系统，并进行了仿真对比实验。实验表明，该系统可以有效提高EDM电极设计的效率。     

EDM1190A液晶显示器及应用

单片机应用系统中，通常都要有人机对话的功能，显示部分是必不可少的。EDM1190A 4位段码液晶显示器模块采用串行的工作方式，其电路结构简单、同时带有显示驱动电路，而且功耗低，适用于便携式智能仪器仪表系统。本文介绍了EDM1190A显示器模块的原理及具体应用，并给出了相应的软件程序。     

一种微细EDM电极的制造方法

针对微细EDM异形电极的加工难题，提出了利用同步辐射深度光刻和电铸技术相结合制造EDM电极的方法，可望较好地解决异形电极的制造问题。     

EDM电极平动补偿系统的开发

研究了电火花成型加工中因电极平动所造成的加工误差 ,提出了基于NC技术的电极平动补偿方法 ,开发出EDM电极平动补偿软件系统 ,并进行了对比实验验证。实验表明 ,该系统可以有效提高EDM的加工精度     

用于PCD刀具成形的EDM线切割加工系统

Methods Machine Tools公司的Methods EDM分公司开发的PCD Edge加工系统能在Fanuci C系列线切割机床上对各种PCD刀具进行快速、精密成形加工。该系统由编程，探测／切削软件、为切削PCD而优化设计的microfinish电源／发生器、Hirschmann回转轴、Renishaw测头（安装在EDM机床上）和刀具夹紧系统组成，可用于PCD新刀具初始刃形的成形加工以及对已使用磨损的PCD刀尖进行刃磨（恢复刃形）。     

基于RP的电铸成形机的开发与应用

提出了基于RP技术的电铸EDM电极的工艺路线，详细介绍了电铸过程中的电化学原理及电铸制造EDM电极的工艺过程，针对电铸工艺特点。开发了DZ-400电铸成形机，重点解决了电铸工艺中的几项关键技术。     

Multifunctional biocompatible nanostructured coatings for load-bearing implants

To take advantage of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique, magnetron sputtering (MS), and ion implantation assisted magnetron sputtering (IIAMS), a new type of biocompatible nanostructured film was developed and studied. Films of Ti-Ca-C-O-(N), Ti-Ca-P-C-O-(N), Ti-Si-Zr-O-(N), and Ti-Zr-C-O-(N) were deposited by DC MS or IIAMS of SHS composite targets TiC_0.5 + CaO, TiC_0.5 + CaO + TiO₂, TiC_0.5 + Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, Ti₅Si₃ + ZrO₂, and TiC_0.5 + ZrO₂ in an Ar atmosphere or reactively in a gaseous mixture of Ar + 14% N₂. The films were characterized in terms of their structure, chemical, mechanical, and tribological properties. The biocompatibility of the films was evaluated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro studies involved the investigation of adhesion, spreading and proliferation of Rat-1 fibroblasts, MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, and IAR-2 epithelial cells, morphometric analysis, actin cytoskeleton and focal contacts staining of the cells cultivated on the films. Alkaline phosphatase activity and von Kossa staining of osteoblastic culture were investigated. Three groups of the in vivo investigations were fulfilled. Teflon plates coated with the tested films were inserted subcutaneous in mice and analysis of the population of cells on the surfaces was performed. Implantation studies of Ti rings and Ti rods coated with tested films using rat calvarian and hip defect models were also fulfilled. The results obtained show that Ti-based multicomponent films possess a combination of high hardness and adhesion strength, reduced Young's modulus, low wear and friction, high corrosion resistance with bioactivity, biocompatibility and non-toxicity that makes the films promising candidates as tribological coatings to be used for various medical applications like orthopedic prostheses, materials for connective surgery and dental implants.     

Microstructural characterization of liquid nitrogen cooled Alloy 718 fusion zone

The interdendritic Laves phase and the microsegregation have been investigated in Alloy 718 fusion zone cooled with liquid nitrogen during welding. Conventional GTA welding process was employed with modified waveform and two types of shielding gas and filler metal (solid solution and age hardenable). The weld cooling rate was enhanced using liquid nitrogen cooling during Gas Tungsten Arc welding process. The resultant fusion zone microstructures were characterized using the metallurgical tools. Dendrite remelting phenomenon was observed from the optical micrographs. It was found that the enhanced cooling rate with liquid nitrogen reduced the interdendritic phases which were confirmed in both the electron microscopic and the X-ray diffraction analysis. The elemental mapping in scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectral analysis also confirmed the reduced microsegregation. The dendrite arm spacing was reduced from the range of 15–54 μm (CCPHE–CCAR, conventional) to 3–17 μm (CCPHE–CCAR, liquid nitrogen cooled) for the employed process variables. The computed weld cooling rate was found to be enhanced from seven to fifteen times than the conventional welding process.     

Ga含量对Al-Mg-Ga-Sn合金组织和降解性的影响

采用电炉熔炼制备了不同Ga含量的Al-Mg-Ga-Sn合金。通过光学显微镜(OM) 、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其显微组织的形貌和成分进行了表征;在30℃、40℃、70℃、90℃的纯水中进行降解速率的测定;采用电化学工作站测试了室温电化学性能。结果表明：Al-Mg-Ga-Sn合金在Mg+Sn为定值10wt.%的情况下,Ga含量分别为0 wt.%、4 wt.%、8 wt.%、12 wt.%、16 wt.%时,合金组织均有铝基体相和Mg<sub>2</sub>Sn相,且随着Ga含量的增加合金组织中出现了Ga<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>2</sub>相。Al-Mg-Ga-Sn合金的降解性特点是主要由铝基体相中点蚀开启,由Mg<sub>2</sub>Sn和Ga<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>2</sub>化合物相的晶间腐蚀加速;不同Ga含量合金的起始降解温度由固溶于铝基体中的低熔点元素(Ga+Sn)的含量决定;相同Ga含量的合金随温度升高降解速率加快,降解反应动力学遵从阿伦尼乌斯公式。室温电化学分析表明：Al-Mg-Ga-Sn合金随Ga含量增加,腐蚀电位不同程度地负移,腐蚀电流逐渐增大。     

Solidification behaviour and phase formation during pre-placed laser cladding of Ti45Nb on mild steel

Scanning electron microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction and microhardness analysis were employed to study the solidification behavior and phase transformations occurring during the laser cladding a Ti45Nb coating on mild steel. A premixed powder of 55 wt.% Ti and 45 wt.% Nb was used and the processing parameters were set to ensure a laser power density of ∼ 970 W/mm² and an interaction time range of 0.022-0.080 s between the laser beam and the substrate. It was shown that at a constant power density, the interaction time controls the solidification behaviour during the process. For extremely short interaction (ESI) time range, 0.024 ≤ τ ≤ 0.027 s, crack and pore-free coatings of excellent hardness (up to ∼ 1000 HV_0.05) containing β and α″ Ti-Nb based solid solutions and a β + Fe-Ti solid solution eutectic matrix can be made. However, processing at higher interaction times, i.e. at short interaction (SI) time range 0.030 ≤ τ ≤ 0.048 s, results in the formation of additional brittle intermetallics, including an FeNb μ compound and an Fe₂(Nb,Ti) ε compound, while only ε forms at the highest interaction times, i.e. long interaction (LI) time range 0.060 ≤ τ ≤ 0.080 s.     

Quantitative analysis of the effect of heat treatment on microstructural evolution and microhardness of an isothermally forged Ti–22Al–25Nb (at.%) orthorhombic alloy

The microstructural features of the 980 °C isothermally forged Ti–22Al–25Nb (at.%) orthorhombic alloy during heat treatment were quantitatively investigated. The volume fraction of the O phase precipitates, the width and length of the lath O phase, and the diameter of equiaxed grains at different heat treatment temperatures were measured using an image analysis software. Quantitative relationships among heat treatment temperature, microstructure parameters, and microhardness were established. The relationship between microstructure parameters and microhardness was analyzed with a multiple regression analysis technique. The results indicate that the microstructure of this alloy is mainly depended on the heat treatment schedule. Only equiaxed O/α₂ grains and B2 matrix existed when the samples were solution-treated above 980 °C, while equiaxed α₂ grains, rim O around α₂, and equiaxed/lath O could be obtained after the samples were solution treated below 980 °C. The width of lath and acicular O phases, and volume fraction of total precipitates could be controlled in the range of 0.37–0.88 μm, 0.09–0.48 μm and 10.91–60.18%, respectively. Experimental and statistical analysis showed a linear relationship between the microstructure parameters and microhardness.     

日本开发无铬表面处理钢板的进展

随着环保要求的日益严格，传统的含铬表面处理钢板的应用将受到限制，国内外钢铁公司纷纷开展无铬表面处理钢板的开发。为此翔实地介绍日本钢铁业在开发无铬表面处理钢板领域的进展。     

FMS递阶分布式控制系统建模方法

为了使FMS控制软件系统具有简单性、可维护性、可重用性和开放性等特点,本文建立了递阶分布式控制体系结构;在此基础上,提出了FMS递阶分布式控制系统的分析和建模方法。为了使控制系统中各功能实体具有局部自治能力,同时具有统一的报文传输接口,提出了CORBA基础的FMS递阶分布式控制软件结构模型。为了证实本文提出的控制系统模型的正确性,在遵循CORBA规范的Orbix2.3e平台和VC＋＋6．0的编程环境下开发了FMS控制软件,并在无锡职业学院的FMS中得到验证。