右江盆地海相泥盆系-中三叠统层序界面成因类型与盆地演化

在右江地区海相层序地层学研究的基础上,将层序界面区分为升隆侵蚀层序不整合界面、海侵上超层序不整合界面、暴露层序不整合界面和造山侵蚀层序不整合界面四个成因类型,并且相同成因类型的层序界面,在盆内不同地域的具体表现形式不尽相同,它们与盆地的成生、发展有紧密的联系,这些界面类型依次反映了盆地的新生、演化和盆山转换过程。     

层序地层作为沉积盆地识别标志的研究

论文以盆地充填动力学为指导，从层序界面与盆山转换、层序级别与盆地规模、层序格架与盆地类型、层序充填与盆地演化四方面，对层序与盆地的关系进行了初步研究，结果表明层序作为盆地的识别标志主要包括：1）不同成因类型和规模级别的界面作为划分相应成因级别层序的重要标志，他们反映地壳演化过程中的动力转换事件，其中超级、I级、Ⅱ级界面分别反映盆地域之间、盆地之间、盆山之间的应力转换机制，Ⅲ-Ⅳ级界面揭示了构造、海平面、气候、物源联合引起的盆地容纳空间和沉积机制的转变过程；2）作为板间、板缘、板内过程的沉积记录，层序与盆地之间存在特定的耦合关系：超级层序相当于沉积盆地域，I级层序相当于沉积盆地，Ⅱ级层序对应于盆地构造沉积幕，Ⅲ级层序对应于盆地充填幕，Ⅳ-Ⅴ级层序相当于盆地充填韵律；3）不同成因沉积盆地，层序成因格架及内部构型各异，因而根据层序特征研究，可判识盆地成因属性；4）在盆地演化的不同阶段，盆地性质、构造特征、沉积格局存在差异，所形成的层序构型、界面属性及组合特征等亦不同，因而通过层序充填序列的研究，可揭示盆地演化过程。     

右江盆地层序充填序列与古特提斯海再造

首次识别出5个级别的层序界面及相应的沉积层序,以不同级别的层序界面作为划分相应级别层序的重要标志,不同级别的层序反映不同地质事件和动力转化过程。将5个级别的沉积层序作为板间、板缘、板内构造过程的地层记录,反映了沉积盆地类型、性质及演化过程,并与沉积盆地之间存在不同级别的耦合效应:超级层序相当于沉积盆地域的地层记录;Ⅰ级层序对应于一个成因盆地的地层记录;Ⅱ级层序反映沉积盆地的构造阶段或构造沉积幕;准Ⅱ级层序揭示盆地构造期或沉积幕;Ⅲ级层序相当于盆地充填韵律;Ⅳ级、Ⅴ级层序分别相当于盆地充填体系域和冲填体系。研究表明,右江古特提斯海演化经历了陆内裂陷海、陆缘裂谷海、孤后裂谷海和残余海前陆盆地4个发展阶段。     

层序成因动力学参数类型及意义

层序地层学为沉积盆地分析的一个重要手段和方法。层序地层学在沉积盆地分析中的参数包括宏观参数和微观参数。宏观参数特指沉积盆地中同一成因类型或成因相关的层序构成的层序组合体的总体特征,主要包括物质组成、宏观轮廓及叠置序列等。微观参数系指单个层序本身的识别标志,分为层序内部标志和层序界面标志。前者包括层序的几何形态、规模级别、内部构型、成因格架和充填序列等;后者包括界面的物理标识、剖面特征、成因属性和级别类型等。不同的层序参数类型揭示不同的成因背景,反映不同的动态过程和成因动力学意义。通过这些参数类型及其成因意义的研究,可分析层序形成与沉积盆地及板块构造的关系,进而研究层序的形成背景和成因动力学,最终为盆地动力学研究提供基础。     

层序地层学应用于陆相湖盆中隐蔽油气藏的成因解释

研究表明 ,赋存于沉积地层中的油气藏与各种级别的层序地层界面存在着密切的联系。陆相盆地中油气受层序界面、初次湖泛面、最大湖泛面以及更次级的层序地层界面的影响与控制 ,形成不同类型的隐蔽型油气藏。因此 ,从层序地层和沉积过程的角度解剖含油气盆地中不同构造和古地理单元岩性—地层油气藏形成的机理和油气藏类型 ,分析主要层序地层界面对沉积地层中油气藏形成和分布的控制作用 ,具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文从层序地层和沉积过程的角度解剖陆相盆地中不同古地理、古地貌单元隐蔽油气藏形成的机理和油气藏类型 ,阐述主要层序地层界面对油气藏形成过程和分布规律的影响与控制作用 ,并进一步对不同成因类型的油气藏提出简要的分类方案。     

右江盆地层序格架中的生储盖组合特征及勘探意义

在层序地层研究基础上,结合右江盆地油气勘探成果,建立了右江盆地层序地层格架与油气生储盖组合之间的关系模型。具体是以南盘江凹陷及十万大山地区为重点,通过泥盆纪-中三叠世层序地层中生储盖组合的研究,阐述相应的不同级别层序格架 (二级及三级 )中储集体的成因类型及时空分布规律,进而探讨不同成因层序中有利储集体的发育模式。     

鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系-二叠系层序界面类型特征及油气地质意义

在鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系—二叠系地层中识别出不整合面、渣状层、古喀斯特作用面、冲刷侵蚀面、岩性与岩相转换面、超覆面、最大海泛面等层序界面。在详细讨论各类型界面特征的基础上,将其成因划分为构造运动造山侵蚀不整合界面、升隆侵蚀不整合界面、海侵上超层序不整合界面、暴露不整合界面4种类型。层序界面不仅是层序划分的关键,同时也具有重要的油气地质意义。层序界面是盆地盆地构造演化的物质响应,同时也是形成优质储集空间和油气运聚通道的重要地质条件。     

米级旋回层序的成因类型及其相序组构特征

与米兰柯维奇旋回存在成因联系的幕式地层堆积作用的结果 ,是在地层记录中形成各种类型的米级旋回层序。在不同的古地理背景中 ,受物质来源及沉积动力学背景的控制 ,故发育具有不同相序组构的不同类型的米级旋回层序。因此 ,相序组构特征就成为米级旋回层序类型划分的基本准则。地层记录中米级旋回层序的广泛发育 ,以及它们在长周期层序中的有序垂直叠加形式和地史演化特征 ,由不同相序组构所反映的成因类型以及由不同类型所指示的沉积动力背景等等 ,不但表明了米级旋回层序是描述地层结构的基本工作单元 ,而且是对“准层序”的延展和补充。在海相地层中 ,不管是碳酸盐岩还是陆源碎屑岩地层 ,这种厚几厘米至几米的米级旋回层序 ,大致都可以划分为正粒序和反粒序两种相序组构 ,正粒序组构主要是潮汐作用的结果 ,而反粒序主要是以波浪作用为主的浅海环境的产物 ;不管是正粒序还是反粒序序列 ,均构成总体向上变浅序列。由此 ,碳酸盐岩米级旋回层序可划分为L—M型、深水非对称型、潮下型及环潮坪型 ;碎屑岩米级旋回层序可划分为潮汐动力型及波浪动力型。米级旋回层序的界面是由高频率海平面变化所产生的非沉积作用面 ,包括瞬时暴露间断面和瞬时加深淹没间断面乃至它们的相关面 ,这些在区域上延伸较远 ,甚至     

米级旋回层序的成因类型及其相序组构特征

与米兰柯维奇旋回存在成因联系的幕式地层堆积作用的结果,是在地层记录中形成各种类型的米级旋回层序。在不同的古地理背景中,受物质来源及沉积动力学背景的控制,故发育具有不同相序组构的不同类型的米级旋回层序。因此,相序组构特征就成为米级旋回层序类型划分的基本准则。地层记录中米级旋回层序的广泛发育,以及它们在长周期层序中的有序垂直叠加形式和地史演化特征,由不同相序组构所反映的成因类型以及由不同类型所指示的沉积动力背景等等,不但表明了米级旋回层序是描述地层结构的基本工作单元,而且是对“准层序”的延展和补充。在海相地层中,不管是碳酸盐岩还是陆源碎屑岩地层,这种厚几厘米至几米的米级旋回层序,大致都可以划分为正粒序和反粒序两种相序组构,正粒序组构主要是潮汐作用的结果,而反粒序主要是以波浪作用为主的浅海环境的产物 不管是正粒序还是反粒序序列,均构成总体向上变浅序列。由此,碳酸盐岩米级旋回层序可划分为L-M型、深水非对称型、潮下型及环潮坪型 碎屑岩米级旋回层序可划分为潮汐动力型及波浪动力型。米级旋回层序的界面是由高频率海平面变化所产生的非沉积作用面,包括瞬时暴露间断面和瞬时加深淹没间断面乃至它们的相关面,这些在区域上延伸较远,甚至。     

辽宁省复州西南部张夏组上段高频率旋回地层及复合海平面变化

该区张夏组沉积地层记录旋回性明显，反映高频旋回的特点，共划分１个三级旋回层序、４个四级旋回层序、１４个五级旋回层序和５８个六级（米级）旋回层序。各级别旋回层序均由相应的次一级旋回层序向上变浅、变粗、变厚的序列组成，其底部均以相应级别的加深—间断面为界。四级旋回层序具有区域地层对比意义。该时期的海平面具有高频率振荡特点，为一个复合海平面变化旋回。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an