太湖大气气溶胶中硫稳定同位素组成分析

用 MAT-253同位素质谱仪对太湖大气气溶胶中的硫稳定同位素组成特征进行了分析.结果显示,太湖大气气溶胶中δ34S 数值变化范围为4.46‰~9.87‰,表明该地区大气气溶胶的主要硫源与当地燃煤排放直接相关.Δ33S 绝对值普遍大于0.1‰,说明太湖大气气溶胶中存在显著的硫稳定同位素非质量分馏效应;基于正Δ33S 和负Δ36S 的关联,揭示太湖气溶胶中硫稳定同位素的分馏异常主要与平流层 SO2发生的光化学反应有关,该科学问题迫切需要做进一步系统深入的研究.     

辽宁太古代红透山铜矿的稳定同位素地球化学特征及矿床成因

文章分析了辽宁太古代红透山铜矿中硫化物的多硫同位素组成和石英的硅氧同位素组成。δ³⁴S在-0.7‰~+3.1‰，极差为3.8‰，平均值为0.21‰，与深部幔源硫相似。δ³³S≈0.52δ³⁴S，即δ³³S=0(δ³³S =δ³³S-1000[(1+ δ³⁴S/1000)0.515-1]，不具有硫同位素非质量分馏效应，表明该矿床中的硫没有经历大气循环过程。矿石中石英的δ30Si分布在-0.8‰~+0.4‰之间，δ¹⁸O分布在+8.5‰~+9.5‰之间，与海底黑烟囱及热水喷气成因硅质岩的硅氧同位素组成相似。提出红透山铜矿为海底热液喷气沉积变质成因。     

非质量硫同位素分馏效应研究进展

非质量硫同位素分馏效应是目前国际上最前沿的稳定同位素地球化学研究领域之一。在简要介绍非质量分馏理论的基础上,对近几年非质量硫同位素分馏效应的最新研究成果进行总结和分析。关于非质量硫同位素分馏的微观来源机制存在较多争议,有待于进一步探索;采用SF6为工作气体是现有硫同位素高精度测定的主要制样技术;非质量硫同位素分馏效应研究为火星大气演化及火星生命痕迹探询、古代大气氧化条件、地球早期硫循环、火山活动对气候的影响等重大地质科学问题的解释开辟了一条独特的新途径。最后对非质量硫同位素分馏领域研究趋势进行了探讨。     

四川冕宁稀土矿床硫同位素地球化学

分析了四川冕宁大型稀土矿床硫同位素组成。结果显示成矿期脉石矿物重晶石与矿化期后硫化物（黄铁矿和方铅矿）的硫同位素组成明显不同，前者富集^34S，其δ^34S为＋1．8‰～＋6．7‰，后者富集轮S，其δ^34S在-10．9‰～-2．1‰之间，表明本区成矿流体中的硫和矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫具有不同的来源。矿区各种类型矿石中的重晶石均普遍遭受过风化作用，且δ^34S随风化作用的增强而增加，暗示物理分馏效应是本区重晶石硫同位素组成差异的主要原因，重晶石风化过程实际上是一个贫弛^32、富^34S过程，未风化重晶石的δ34S与典型幔源硫的^δ34S（0‰左右）相近，成矿流体中硫主要来源于地幔。矿石中重晶石风化作用过程中被淋滤的^32S可能是矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫的重要来源，但有待深入研究。     

Algoma型和Superior型硅铁建造地球化学对比研究

前寒武纪条带状硅铁建造(BIFs)是世界上最重要的铁矿资源类型和地球早期特有的化学沉积建造类型,广泛分布于太古代-古元古代(3.2～ 1.8Ga),记录了地球早期岩石圈、水圈、大气圈和生物圈的状态及演化.前人根据BIFs的岩石组合和构造地质环境将其划分为Algoma型和Superior型.本文对比研究了Algoma型和Superior型BIFs的硅、氧、铁和多硫同位素特征.不同时代和不同类型BIFs的硅氧同位素组成非常相似,强烈亏损30Si,δ30SiNBS-28为较大的负值.二者的铁同位素和硫同位素非质量分馏效应明显不同.Algoma型BIF的△33S多为负值,而Superior型BIF的△33S多为正值;Algoma型BIF富集重铁同位素,δ56FeIRMM-144多为高正值,而Superior型BIF相对富集轻铁同位素,δ56FeIRMM.144多为负值或小正值.研究提出无论是Algoma型,还是Superior型BIFs都是由地球早期的海底火山热液喷气作用形成的,二者属于同一成矿系统,相对而言,Algoma型BIF与火山活动关系更密切,距离同期火山活动中心更近,多形成于深水盆地,环境更加还原.     

稳定同位素地球化学及其在矿床研究中的应用

第四讲 硫同位素地球化学(续) (五)硫同位素分镏的动力学效应 前面讲的是硫同位素分馏的热力学效应,它叙述了在达到平衡条件下,各物相间硫同位素的分馏及物理化学环境(温度、氧逸度、酸碱度等等)对硫同位素分馏的影响,本节将讨论在运动过程中,同位素的物理化学性质差异所引起的同位素分馏效应——动力学效应。     

四川冕宁稀土矿床硫同位素地球化学

分析了四川冕宁大型稀土矿床硫同位素组成.结果显示成矿期脉石矿物重晶石与矿化期后硫化物(黄铁矿和方铅矿)的硫同位素组成明显不同,前者富集34S,其δ34S为 1.8‰～ 6.7‰,后者富集32S,其δ34S在-10.9‰～-2.1‰之间,表明本区成矿流体中的硫和矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫具有不同的来源.矿区各种类型矿石中的重晶石均普遍遭受过风化作用,且δ34S随风化作用的增强而增加,暗示物理分馏效应是本区重晶石硫同位素组成差异的主要原因,重晶石风化过程实际上是一个贫32S、富34S过程,未风化重晶石的δ34S与典型幔源硫的δ34S(0‰左右)相近,成矿流体中硫主要来源于地幔.矿石中重晶石风化作用过程中被淋滤的32S可能是矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫的重要来源,但有待深入研究.     

夹皮沟金矿带硫同位素地球化学及找矿评价意义

辽宁地区太古界与元古界的硫同位素背景值有明显差异。金矿床矿石硫同位素组成受矿源层硫同位素背景值制约。与同位素扩散分馏效应有关,张性断裂中的金矿体δS~(34)较低。研究金矿床硫同位素分布规律有助于矿床深部予测。     

大同云冈石窟可溶盐的分布及硫同位素特征

云冈石窟的盐分是促进砂岩风化的重要因素.石窟岩壁上的盐类晶族以硫酸盐沉积为主,主要成分为泻利盐、石膏;其次为碳酸盐沉积物,主要为方解石和碳酸镁.砂岩体中硫含量与石雕表面降尘和当地煤层相比极低.硫同位素分析显示煤矿的硫同位素值最低,煤燃烧产生同位素分馏,进入水体和土壤,引起雨水、滴水和地下水硫同位素值增加,洞窟岩壁的盐类和土壤盐形成时再次发生分馏,其δ34S值进一步升高.同位素证据表明石窟表面盐类中硫的来源主要是大气干湿沉降.     

湘桂粤地区古环境和地层中硫化物δ~(34)S的演化关系初论

湘桂粤地区地层和自源层控矿床中硫化物δ~(34)S研究表明,硫主要来自同期海水。δ~(34)S不仅受海相硫酸盐δ~(34)S控制,而且受生物演化影响,同位素还原分馏效应增大;受海侵旋迥影响,δ~(43)S具周期性变化;受沉积古地理位置、水源、水体环境等因素制约,具区域性变化。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of