水处理除盐系统出力不足的原因分析及处理措施

针对郑州热电厂五期补给水处理一级除盐系统酸碱耗大、自用水率高、出力严重不足等问题，对现场进行了调查研究，分析了主要原因，并提出了相应的处理措施，最终使问题得以解决。     

耐硫变换催化剂失活原因综述

自Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ系耐硫变换催化剂问世以来，人们对其制备工艺、反应机理、动力学等进行了常任主细致的研究。随充变换催化剂的广泛应用，催化剂失活的原因引起了人们的普遍关注。对国内外Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ纱耐硫变换催化剂失活的原因进行了综述。     

冷凝液泵机封泄漏原因分析及改造

对冷凝液泵机封实施国产化后的泄漏原因进行了分析，采取相应的技术改造措施后，取得了满意的效果。     

苯加氢合成环己烷系统有效能分析

对５０ｋｔ／ａ己内酰胺装置液相苯加氢合成环己烷系统进行有效能分析;查清其中有效能损失的部位、数量及损失的原因,并作出分析和评价;提出了初步的改进意见     

超高压蒸汽管线的强度核算及异径管小端裂纹的成因

对某厂超高压蒸汽（ＳＳ）管线的裂纹进行了强度校核。分别用等值刚度法ＦＡＯＰ及三维有限元法ＳＡＰ５Ｐ计算程序，对该管线进行了应力计算。结果表明，此管线的静强度足够。又用ＳＡＰ５Ｐ程序中８～２１节点等参单元，对在环焊缝处产生长裂纹的异径管进行了详细应力分析。给出了裂纹所在截面的轴向应力数值。并探讨了裂纹形成原因     

大型渣油气化炉激冷室热质传递过程模拟

对现行８．５３ＭＰａ德士古渣油气化炉激冷室中热质传递过程进行了分析、研究，从数学模型着手，进行模拟计算，模拟结果与工业数据吻合良好。通过模拟揭示了激冷过程本质特征，探讨了现行激冷环损坏的主要原因。     

测定水中总氮时高空白吸光度的原因查找

根据国家标准GB 11894—1989测定地表水中的总氮时,发现了空白实验的吸光度异常偏高的现象。由于实验过程中．氧化剂的纯度、氧化溶液的放置时间、氧化时间的长短、蒸馏水的纯度、检测仪器的稳定性及实验环境等因素都会对空白实验的吸光度产生影响,因此,通过一系列对比实验,系统地检查了实验用水、试剂、器皿、全自动高压灭菌器和紫外可见分光光度计．对可能的影响因素逐一进行了分析和排除,找到了实验出现问题的原因．并进行了校正。     

Post yield phenomena in tensile tests on poly(vinyl chloride)

Tensile tests have been made on poly(vinyl chloride) to find the conditions under which uniform extension, diffuse necking, localized necking or thermal fracture occur. These observations have been compared with the predictions of a finite element model of the tensile test specimen to ascertain the causes of the changes in post-yield behaviour with increased crosshead speed. The major effect of increased crosshead speed is to reduce the dissipation of heat generated by plastic deformation. The effect of thermal pre-treatment of the PVC is to change the extent of strain softening after yield, and thereby control the range of post-yield phenomena that are possible.     

SOME SPECIAL TYPES OF CRAZING*

Little progress has been made in the past to prevent crazing on porous ceramic ware because many of the fundamental causes of this defect were not known. Three sources of crazing are described which have not generally been recognized as causes of this defect. It was found that a type of crazing may be caused by firing ware under a reducing kiln atmosphere. This defect may also be caused by small changes in volume of the body produced by frost action. A special type of crazing may be caused by mechanical pressure on the ware during service. The defects can be prevented by more careful manufacture and selection of raw materials.     

Ageing and the diffusion process at the nickel hydroxide electrode

The ageing of α-Ni(OH)₂ causes changes in the characteristics of the electrode due to the formation of different oxyhydroxides on charging. The discharge process has been studied by potential step technique, and diffusion coefficients refined by extrapolation have shown little variation with ageing for measurements made at room temperature. An unusual temperature function has been recorded and its mechanistic implications are discussed.     

冷轧薄钢板磷化发蓝问题的原因及对策

冷轧薄钢板在使用时出现三种形态的磷化发蓝缺陷；点状，条状及整个磷化面蓝色，其原因主要有以下几种，钢板的化学活性高，催化剂的浓度高以及磷化段入口处磷化液流量小等，通过作相应的调整，获得了合格的磷化膜。     

Rheology of short glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastics and its application to injection molding I. Fiber motion and viscosity measurement

A study has been made of the fiber orientation in short glass fiber-filled thermoplastics resulting from convergent, divergent and shear flows. Convergent flow results in high fiber alignment along the flow direction, whereas diverging flow causes the fibers to align at 90° to the major flow direction. Shear flow produces a decrease in alignment parallel to the flow direction and the effect is pronounced at low flow rates. Non-linear Bagley plots have been observed, under some conditions, during rheological measurements. The data are consistent with a pressure dependent viscosity.     

磁处理循环冷却水防垢机理的显微观察及探讨

磁处理替代投药法处理后，对水体系中的沉积物进行长期观察，发现水垢的变化踪迹。通过对水垢的Ｘ衍射和扫描电镜的分析测试，初步找到磁处理水在换热表面不结垢的原因，为诠释磁处理水垢机理提供真凭实据。     

低温甲醇洗装置试车总结

兖州煤业榆林能化有限责任公司年产60万吨甲醇项目低温甲醇洗装置试车过程中,发现了导致系统指标不合格和甲醇损耗量较大等原因,并进行了针对性的整改,成功解决了低温甲醇洗装置开车过程中的困难。     

Reaction of nitron fibre with nickel during the chemical metallization process

Conclusions The structure and properties of metallized Nitron fibre have been studied by the methods of measuring electrical conductivity, polymer extraction, sorption of water vapor, IR spectroscopy, and thermomechanical investigation.It has been shown that metallization causes a significant change in the electrophysical, sorptive, and thermomechanical properties of Nitron fibre.The suggestion has been made that the change in the set of properties of Nitron fibre upon metallization is caused by interactions of various types between the polymer and the metal.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 24–26, September–October, 1987.     

Pressure drop and mixing behaviour of non‐Newtonian fluids in a static mixing unit

Static or motionless mixers have received wide application in chemical and allied industries due to their low cost and high efficiency. The pressure drop and mixing behaviour of such mixers have been widely studied. However, the available information for non‐Newtonian fluids is scanty. The results of pressure drop and mixing studies conducted with a locally made motionless mixer (MALAVIYA mixer) and four non‐Newtonian fluids—aq. CMC, PVA, and PEG solutions are reported in this article. The new mixer causes less pressure drop compared to some of the commercial mixers. Mixing behaviour of the unit is more closer to plug flow and a two‐parameter model correlates the dispersion data.     

Einfluß der herstellungsbedingungen auf E-modul und dichte von HD-polyethylen. II. Variation der kristallisationsgeschwindigkeit

Young's modulus and density of samples, made from high density polyethylene, have been measured. The samples were processed under pressure of 1 500 bar by means of nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization varying the rates of crystallization. All measurements have been carried out at ambient pressure and room temperature. Density is shown to decrease linearly with increasing logarithm of the rate of crystallization. Young's modulus is falling towards a minimal value with increasing rate of crystallization, but rising again at even higher rates. This rise being at variance with the wellknown decrease of the modulus with lower density (crystallinity) is explained by means of internal stresses of the samples. Consequences of thermodynamical and structural causes of the internal stresses are discussed.     

Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒疫苗的研究进展

Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV-2)是一种主要引起人类生殖器疱疹的病原体,在世界范围内广泛流行,不发达国家和地区尤为严重。HSV-2感染不仅严重威胁人类健康,同时也造成大量的经济损失。对HSV-2疫苗的研究已开展多年,历经了灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、重组亚单位疫苗、肽疫苗、DNA疫苗等多个阶段,并取得了一定进展,然而到目前为止,全球仍无一种HSV-2疫苗被批准上市。本文对近年来HSV-2疫苗的研究进展作一综述。     

某电厂凝结水精处理混床下布水板损坏分析

某电厂2×1 000 MW新建机组,凝结水100%通过精处理,精处理再生方式为高塔法。在调试过程中发现,1#机组凝结水精处理系统1#混床下布水板损坏,针对该问题,进行了原因分析及比较,并最终予以解决。诱发该问题的原因相对较隐蔽,因此问题的分析及解决具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Initial activation of platinum-rhodium gauzes for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia

Studies have been made of the activation of platinum-rhodium gauze catalysts for the oxidation of ammonia, using optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and electron spectroscopy to characterize the surfaces. The initial washing procedure is found to remove calcium and to reduce carbon residues on the surface, as a result of which the catalyst is active at lower temperatures. Subsequent activation in a hydrogen flame or in oxygen causes surface rearrangements and results in rhodium enrichment at the surface: this latter trend is partially reversed in the early stages of the oxidation of ammonia. Water vapor is found to deactivate the activated gauze.