稳定牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位临床分析

目的:分析稳定牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位的疗效。方法:使用稳定牙合垫治疗不可复性盘前移位患者36例,疗程3个月,分别记录治疗前后患者疼痛值(VAS)和开口度变化,进行统计学分析。 结果:患者VAS由治疗前的5.66±1.28减小到1.46±1.14;开口度由(26.93±2.64) mm增大到(38.35±2.04) mm, 具有显著性差异(P＜0.001),但治疗后MRI显示关节盘并未复位。结论:稳定牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位有良好的临床效果,但并非恢复关节盘的位置,而是通过促进关节盘双板区的适应性改建来实现的。     

手法复位辅助

目的 探讨关节腔扩张后手法复位辅助再定位垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位.方法 2%局麻药2～3 ml 注入关节上腔,手法复位解除不可复性前移位的关节盘,复位后即刻戴用再定位垫保持良好的盘-突关系.结果近期临床观察表明①开口度恢复,最大开口度从治疗前的25.8 mm增大到46.6 mm;②疼痛症状消失,疼痛分值视觉模拟尺从治疗前的2.62下降到0.43; ③颞下颌关节功能改善,Fricton关节功能障碍指数和颞下颌关节紊乱指数分别从治疗前的0.337和0.185下降到0.021和0.011.结论颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位药物治疗和理疗无效的情况下,关节盘复位辅助定位垫是一有效的治疗方法.远期效果如何尚需进一步观察.     

颞下颌关节灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的 评价颞下颌关节上腔灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床疗效。方法 ３８例因不可复性关节盘多位引起张口受限的患者行关节上腔灌洗治疗,分析治疗不同时期患者的疼痛值、下颌运动度变化,通过关节造影判定治疗前后关节盘位置的变化。结果 治疗后不同时期的下颌运动均较治疗前的显著增加（Ｐ〈０．００１）,特别在治疗后１个月内增加明显,疼痛亦有显著缓解（Ｐ〈０．０１）。关节造影显示仅有２患者的关节盘部分复位。结     

手法复位辅助He垫治疗急性不可复性盘前移位的初步报告

目的：探讨关节腔扩张后手法复位辅助再定位He垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位。方法：2％局麻药2－3ml注入关节上腔，手法复位解除不可复性前移位的关节盘，复位后即刻戴面再定位He垫保护良好的盘－突关系。结果：近期临床观察表明：（1）开口度恢复，最大开口度从治疗前的25．8mm增大到46．6mm;(2)疼痛症状消失，疼痛分值视觉模拟尺以治疗前的2．62下降到0．43；（3）颞下颌关节功能改善，Fricton关节功能障碍指数和颞下颌关节紊乱指数分别从治疗前的0．337和0．185下降到0．21和0．011。结论：颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位药物治疗和理疗无效的情况下，关节盘复位定位He垫是一有效的治疗方法。远期效果如果尚需进一步观察。     

手法复位辅助垫治疗急性不可复性盘前移位的初步报告

目的　探讨关节腔扩张后手法复位辅助再定位垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位。方法　 2 %局麻药 2～ 3ml注入关节上腔 ,手法复位解除不可复性前移位的关节盘 ,复位后即刻戴用再定位垫保持良好的盘 突关系。结果　近期临床观察表明 :①开口度恢复 ,最大开口度从治疗前的 2 5 8mm增大到 46 6mm ;②疼痛症状消失 ,疼痛分值视觉模拟尺从治疗前的 2 6 2下降到 0 43;③颞下颌关节功能改善 ,Fricton关节功能障碍指数和颞下颌关节紊乱指数分别从治疗前的 0 337和 0 185下降到 0 0 2 1和 0 0 11。结论　颞下颌关节紊乱病急性不可复性盘前移位药物治疗和理疗无效的情况下 ,关节盘复位辅助定位垫是一有效的治疗方法。远期效果如何尚需进一步观察。     

急性和慢性不可复性盘前移位临床对比研究

目的　探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病不可复性盘前移位急性和慢性分类对临床诊断、治疗和预后的指导意义。方法　分析连续接诊的 10 0例不可复性盘前移位病例 (急性 4 5例、慢性 5 5例 ) ,比较两组之间临床主诉、开口度、颞下颌关节功能、髁突和关节盘的影像学改变。结果　急性不可复性盘前移位主诉开口受限 ,下颌运动功能严重障碍 ,大部分病例髁突骨质正常 ,关节盘形态良好 ;慢性不可复性盘前移位主诉多为开口痛和 (或 )咀嚼痛 ,下颌运动受限 ,部分病例伴有咀嚼肌疼痛 ,相当一部分病例髁突骨质吸收破坏 ,关节盘变形、变性 ,关节盘附着松弛、撕裂 ,甚至关节盘穿孔。结论　对急性不可复性盘前移位应早期采取积极的治疗 ,恢复良好的盘 突关系 ,阻止关节盘和髁突的进一步损伤。     

应用颞颌关节镜治疗颞颌关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的：探讨颞颌关节镜治疗颞颌关节不可复性盘前移位的临床应用效果。方法：对98例颞颌关节不可复性盘前移位患者分别采用颞颌关节镜进行关节盘前松解复位灌洗、关节上腔粘连松解灌洗、单纯关节上腔灌洗等治疗方法,通过观察疼痛程度、张口度及侧向运动度的改变,评价其临床疗效。结果：灌洗治疗后患者张口度、侧向运动度和疼痛程度较治疗前均明显改善。关节盘前松解复位灌洗组和粘连松解灌洗组治疗后疼痛减少值、张口度及侧向运动度增加值明显高于单纯灌洗组。关节盘前松解复位灌洗组在张口度增加值及疼痛减少值的改变优于粘连松解灌洗组。结论：关节上腔灌洗可以作为颞颌关节内紊乱疾病的有效治疗方法,而针对不可复性盘前移位的患者,颞颌关节镜下关节盘前松解复位灌洗治疗则具有更好的疗效。     

透明质酸钠关节腔注射联合牙合垫治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的疗效评价

目的:评价关节腔注射透明质酸钠联合稳定性牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位的临床疗效。方法:将在郑州市口腔医院就诊的40例不可复性盘前移位的患者随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用关节上腔注射透明质酸钠联合稳定性牙合垫治疗,对照组采用单纯的关节上腔注射透明质酸钠治疗,对比分析两组患者在治疗前、治疗后、治疗后3个月、6个月时的Friction颞下颌关节紊乱指数、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和最大开口度。结果:两组患者治疗后开口度、疼痛程度及颞下颌关节紊乱症状及体征与术前比较均明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组与对照组患者治疗后同时点比较,张口度差异不明显(P>0.05)。实验组患者治疗后及治疗后3、6个月时VAS、颞下颌关节紊乱指数(craniomandibular index ,CMI)和颞下颌关节功能障碍指数(dysfunction index , DI)低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:关节上腔注射透明质酸钠联合牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位疗效优于单纯的关节上腔注射治疗透明质酸钠。     

不可复性盘前移位颞下颌关节镜术后(牙合)垫治疗评价

目的对比评价关节镜手术加或不加(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位的效果.方法一组(40例)应用关节镜手术(灌洗加松解术)治疗关节盘不可复性前移位,另一组(40例)则在关节镜手术后配合(牙合)垫治疗.结果随访2年,术后3个月时两组患者(VAS法)疼痛缓解程度均值分别为1.8、 2.5, 6个月时分别为3.2、 4.8, 1年时分别为5.6、 5.8, 2年时分别为6.0、 6.2;张口度增加均值分别为3个月时5.6 mm、 7.8 mm, 6个月时为8.2 mm、 9.7 mm, 1年时为9.4 mm、 9.8 mm, 2年时为9.7 mm、 10.2 mm,其中术后3、6个月时疼痛及张口度改变均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而1年、2年时疼痛、张口度改变对比均不具显著性差异.结论关节镜下行灌洗加松解术,并行(牙合)垫治疗关节盘不可复性前移位短期疗效(3～6个月)较单纯采用关节镜下行灌洗加松解术效果好,而术后1～2年疗效差异不大.     

颞下颌关节灌洗术与扩张术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的对比研究

目的采用颞下颌关节上腔灌洗术与扩张术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位,通过对比评价两种方法的临床疗效。方法收集62例不可复性关节盘前移位引起张口受限的患者,分成两组,其中一组31例行关节上腔灌洗治疗;另一组31例行关节上腔扩张术,分析两组治疗前与治疗后1月患者张口度与疼痛值的变化情况并对其结果进行处理。结果两组患者治疗后的张口度与疼痛均较治疗前有显著改善,治疗后1个月,灌洗组患者的平均张口度增加11～34mm,达正常水平;扩张组的平均张口度增加6～29mm,仍处在张口受限的水平。两组患者张口度的改善有显著差异(P<0.01)。疼痛的改善在两组患者之间无显著差异。结论颞下颌关节灌洗术与扩张术均能改善不可复关节盘前移位患者的张口度,缓解疼痛。灌洗术的疗效较扩张术的疗效显著,不可复性关节盘前移位患者的治疗可遵循由简单到复杂,由创伤小到创伤大的顺序治疗方法。     

单侧弹响的颞下颌关节紊乱病患者双侧关节锥形束CT对比研究

目的:探讨仅有单侧弹响的颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMD),患者双侧颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)在锥形束计算机体层摄影(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT)成像上存在差异的参考层面,为TMD诊断和对比研究提供参考.方法:选取一侧TMJ仅有弹响的TMD患者10例,通过CBCT三维成像和重建,观察同一患者两侧TMJ重建后横断面的水平角;平行于髁突长轴的斜位关节间隙、髁突长轴径值、髁突垂直角;垂直于髁突长轴的斜位与矢状位的关节结节斜度、关节窝深度和关节间隙,采用SPSS13.0软件包对每位患者上述各测量指标做两配对样本t检验.结果:上述横断面的水平角;平行于髁突长轴的斜位关节间隙、髁突长轴径值、髁突垂直角;垂直于髁突长轴的斜位与矢状位的关节结节斜度、关节窝深度和关节间隙等观察指标在同一患者中,左右两侧测量值均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:对于单侧TMJ仅有弹响的TMD患者,锥形束CT不具有对比研究意义上的参考价值.     

颞下颌关节软骨损伤治疗的进展

颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)软骨损伤主要是指髁突和关节结节功能面的软骨损伤。病因复杂,表现为软骨内软骨细胞含量较低且增殖能力差,若治疗不当或治疗不及时,极易形成颞下颌关节病(temporomandibular disorder,TMD),最终出现不可扼制的逐步恶化,导致颞下颌关节骨关节病(temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis,TMJOA)的发生,以及关节功能的丧失。本文就其国内外研究现状及现有的治疗手段和疗效评价进行综述。1颞下颌关节软骨的解剖生理特点TMJ软骨主要分布于髁突和关节结节的表面,是继发性纤维软骨,组织学特点与其他…     

Reproducibility of response to a questionnaire on symptoms of masticatory dysfunction

The aim of the present investigation was to check the reproducibility of answers to multiple-choice questions used in a questionnaire. The questionnaire was concerned with symptoms in patients with dysfunction of the masticatory system. Five main types of questions were tested by repetition within 1 week by 98 patients. Comparisons were also made between questionnaire data and clinical findings. The interval between the questionnaire and the clinical examination was 1 week. The best reproducibility was found for answers to a question about previous joint radiography, which was the simplest question with the fewest alternatives. The second best was found for a question about the duration of the symptoms referable to the masticatory system. The poorest reproducibility was noted for a question about masticatory muscle pain. The comparison between the questionnaire data and clinical findings showed the best agreement for joint sounds. The reported pain symptoms and palpatory tenderness seem to be different entities.     

Constancy of clinical signs in patients with mandibular dysfunction

Repeated clinical examinations were performed 6 weeks apart on 34 patients with mandibular dysfunction to estimate the consistancy of clinical signs. The clinical examination of the patients included the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular movement capacity. The clinical dysfunction index (Di) was calculated as a measure of the degree of mandibular dysfunction. The highest agreement between examinations was found for maximal mouth opening and protrusion. The agreement for palpation tenderness of the masticatory muscles and TMJ, limited movement of the TMJ, TMJ sounds, and pain during movement was considerably lower. The lowest agreement within 6 weeks was found for the clinical dysfunction index. No statistically significant difference could be detected between the two examinations for any of the clinical signs, as a result of given information and counseling before the 6-week period. It was concluded that all clinical signs, except maximal mouth opening and maximal protrusion, showed low consistancy.     

Quantification of translational and gliding components in human temporomandibular joint during mouth opening

OBJECTIVE: In humans, the opening movement of the mouth requires a complex combination of rotation in the lower temporomandibular joint compartment and of translation in the upper compartment. The aim of the current study was to quantitatively assess the percentage contribution of rotation and translation movements of the mandible at maximum mouth opening in normal, healthy individuals. DESIGN: Free, habitual movements of mouth opening were recorded in 12 men and 15 women aged 19-30 years using an optoelectronic three-dimensional motion analyser. All subjects had a sound, complete, permanent dentitions with Angle Class I jaw relationships, without cast restorations or cuspal coverage, TMJ or craniocervical disorders. For each subject, the mandibular movements at the interincisor point (occlusal plane) were reconstructed, and, using suitable mathematical algorithms, divided into their rotation and gliding components. The relative contribution of the two components to the total movement was calculated for each frame of motion. In particular, the situation at maximum opening was assessed. RESULTS: At maximum mouth opening, on average, men had significantly larger displacement of the mandibular interincisor point (56 mm versus 46 mm) and angle of rotation (34 degrees versus 32 degrees), than women. The percentage of mandibular movement explained by rotation at maximum mouth opening (77%) was not influenced by sex. The degree of rotation was significantly related to the displacement of the interincisor point: in women r2 = 87%, in men, r2 = 45%. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, in normal subjects with a healthy stomatognathic apparatus, mouth opening was more determined by mandibular rotation than by translation.     

Radiography of the temporomandibular joint after oblique sliding osteotomy of the mandibular rami

abstract — A radiographic follow-up of the temporomandibular joint in 25 patients subjected to oblique sliding osteotomy of the mandibular rami showed a remodeling of the condylar head. Distinct double contours in the posterior part of the condylar heads were found in 30 out of 36 joints with a forward-inferior displacement of the condylar head.     

Long-term evaluation of 211 patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint

This report is a long-term evaluation of 211 patients (158 women, 53 men) with TMJ clicking and/or TMJ incoordination, treated at the University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark, in the years 1971-77. Information on present symptoms and the effect of the initial treatment was obtained from questionnaires. Standard treatment procedures had been used in 153 patients while 58 patients had had counseling only. In the actively treated group, 59% were still doing well, 30% had unchanged symptoms and 5% experienced aggravated symptoms. In the counseled group, 40% were free of symptoms, 50% had unchanged symptoms and 7% aggravated symptoms. A highly significant association was found between the absence or presence of symptoms at the end of treatment according to patient records and the evaluation of the initial effect of treatment 8-15 yr later, which indicates that reliable results can be expected from a long-term evaluation of TMJ dysfunction patients. In the sample as a whole, the frequency of TMJ sounds was unchanged compared to the time of treatment (64% vs 66%). A significantly higher frequency was, however, found in the untreated group, indicating that treatment might have a positive effect on TMJ sounds. The frequency of recurrent headache had increased considerably over the years (6% vs 34%), 32% still experienced pain/tenderness on mandibular movement, 24% suffered from impaired mandibular mobility and 82% were aware of bruxism/clenching of teeth. Furthermore, we found a significant association between headache before treatment and headache, awareness of bruxism and clenching of teeth at the time of evaluation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

全口牙釉质发育不全伴颞下颌关节紊乱病1例报告

釉质发育不全（amelogenesis imperfecta,AI）是一组影响釉质发育的遗传性疾病,由于釉质形成时造釉器的某些功能障碍,导致釉质在厚度、结构和组织上的改变。临床可分为3型：釉质发育不良型（hypoplastic AI,HPAI）,釉质矿化不良型（hypocalcified AI, HCAI）和釉质未成熟型（hypomaturation AI,HMAI）。AI以牙色改变和釉质缺损为主要表现,严重者可伴有颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular joint disorders,TMD）等。笔者在临床中遇到1例全口乳牙、恒牙严重AI伴TMD病例,现报道如下。     

Radiographic study of articular remodeling in the temporomandibular joint after condylar fractures

abstract — A radiographic follow-up of the temporomandibular joints in patients with condylar fractures revealed a frequent remodeling both of the condylar head and the glenoid fossa. A double contour of the fossa was the typical radiographic sign of remodeling. The occurrence of double contours was associated with displacement of the condylar head.     

Complications and post-operative sequelae of temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis

Objective: To evaluate intraoperative complications and postsurgical sequelae associated with arthrocentesis of the TMJ, including injection of Sodium Hyaluronate.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 433 arthrocentesis procedures performed in 315 patients between January 2009 and August 2016. The authors reviewed the complications identified during the procedure and the follow-up period.

Results: Temporary swelling of the periarticular tissues (95.1%) or the external auditory canal (23.5%), ipsilateral temporary open bite (68.8%), frontalis and orbicularis oculis paresis (65.1%), preauricular hematoma (0.4%), and a case of vertigo (0.2%) were the complications detected.

Conclusions: TMJ arthrocentesis remains a procedure with a minimum number of important complications. If present, complications are generally temporary, caused by the anesthetic effect or by the soft tissue edema created by the fluid extravasation created by the irrigation procedure, and can be managed on an outpatient basis.