关于条件价值评估法在公共卫生领域应用的综述

条件价值评估法是经济学评价中的前沿方法,本文主要综述该方法在公共卫生领域的应用。从条件价值评估法原理开始,论述其国内外发展概况、在公共卫生领域应用的可行性、方法的有效性与可靠性、开展条件价值评估法研究的制约因素、在公共卫生领域的应用前景及下一步研究重点。该方法在我国公共卫生领域应用较少,应进一步在适宜范围内推广,努力解决其在指标测量方面的困难,定义清楚其评价的产品或服务,为公共卫生决策者提供必要的参考信息。     

地理信息系统在公共卫生领域的应用

地理信息系统（GIS）是一门综合性学科,具有海量空间数据管理分析、可视化结果展示等特点,已经广泛应用在不同的领域.近年来,GIS在流行病学研究、疾病监测、突发公共卫生事件应对、环境健康研究和卫生决策等方面发挥着重要作用,具有较好的应用前景.此文就GIS在公共卫生领域的应用研究进行综述.     

财政分权与公共卫生支出：来自我国省级层面的经验证据

目的:探讨财政分权对于我国基本公共卫生支出的影响。方法:通过运用我国省际层面的面板数据,设定面板数据计量经济学模型,并通过固定效应方法对模型参数进行估计。结果:财政分权度每增加1%将会导致公共卫生支出占比下降7.25%,而财政自给度和人均转移支付对公共卫生支出占比具有正向影响,它们可以减缓财政分权对公共卫生支出消极影响。结论:财政分权是造成我们国家目前公共卫生支出不足的重要制度性原因,而且财政分权重塑了地方政府的行为,各级政府为增长而竞争忽视了对公共卫生的供给。     

净效益回归框架在药物经济学中的应用

目的:探讨净效益回归框架在我国药物经济学评价中的应用价值及研究进展。方法:通过查阅国内外相关文献、书籍,介绍净效益回归框架的应用特征及构建过程。结果:净效益回归框架能够评估各组治疗方案的净货币效益,并且可以进行更合理的统计学推断,解决增量分析结果的不确定性;尤其是在前瞻性观察研究或回顾性队列研究中,利用计量经济学的方法,识别重要的混杂因素以及进行亚组分析。结论:净效益回归框架在药物经济学评价中具有明显的优点与应用价值,值得进一步研究与运用。     

时间序列分析在我国公共卫生领域的应用

时间序列分析是一种有效的统计分析手段,尤其是在分析和预测变量或事物的变化趋势方面,在公共卫生领域已有广泛的应用.对时间序列分析方法在我国公共卫生领域中的应用现状和前景进行综述.     

美国公共卫生硕士双学位研究生培养特征及其启示

目前,我国公共卫生领域出现的问题越来越多,越来越复杂,亟待具备医学和管理学、经济学、法学与工学等多学科知识的高层次应用型公共卫生复合人才来解决。通过总结美国公共卫生硕士双学位研究生的培养体系与管理特点,分析我国公共卫生人才培养现状及在该领域实施双硕士学位研究生培养的必要性,为我国开展公共卫生硕士双学位复合型人才培养提供经验借鉴。     

行为卫生经济学：呼之欲出的分支学科

文章在介绍了行为经济学的背景与不同学科融合以及在卫生与健康领域的应用情况基础上,阐述了行为经济学与卫生经济学相结合形成行为卫生经济学这门新兴分支学科的前景,并试着给行为卫生经济学下了一个定义。     

医疗卫生领域大数据应用探讨

近年来医疗卫生信息化发展迅速,医疗卫生领域也迎来了大数据时代的潮流。本文简述了大数据技术的概念和特点,概述了大数据在各行各业中的应用情况,综述了我国医疗卫生数据资源现状,结合国内外大数据在医疗卫生领域的应用情况,分析了我国医疗卫生领域在大数据医药研发、疾病管理、公共卫生和健康管理等方面的应用前景,并提出了大数据时代医疗卫生领域面临的难点和建议,为卫生行政管理部门和学术界提供参考。     

关于卫生健康经济管理第二十二批重点研究课题申请的通知

正卫学字(2021)02号各省(区、市)卫生经济学会、中央各相关科研单位和院校、中国卫生经济网络成员单位及会员单位:为进一步推进我国卫生健康事业高质量发展,配合做好卫生健康经济管理工作中亟需解决的关键问题,发挥学会组织和人才作用,受国家卫生健康委员会财务司委托,学会组织开展卫生健康经济管理第二十二批重点研究课题申请工作。现就有关事项通知如下:一、重点研究课题题目(一)卫生健康领域高质量发展的卫生经济学研究(二)建立稳定的公共卫生事业投入机制研究(三)大型医用设备配置管理前瞻性研究(四)基于大数据背景下的公立医院内部审计探索和研究     

地理信息系统在媒介生物及虫媒病防治领域中的应用

地理信息系统因其强大的空间数据管理与分析处理能力而被广泛应用于公共卫生领域,尤其在医学媒介生物的研究中具有广阔的应用前景。本文就地理信息系统在媒介生物监测及虫媒病预防、控制领域中的应用作一系统的综述。     

Ecosystem health and human health

The study of ecosystem health is a relatively recent discipline that has already provided new insights into numerous aspects of environmental management. One of the most interesting fields of study is the one investigating the relationships between ecosystem and human heath. In this paper some basic terms of reference are given in order to help the understanding of this new approach. One definition of ecosystem health is given, possible causes of degradation are indicated and links with human health are addressed. The ecosystem approach to human health stresses the importance of cultural and social values in shaping the concept of health, both at human and at ecosystem level. Two case-studies showing man-ecosystem interactions are described: mining activities, that provide a suitable field of application of the ecosystem approach, and the case of malaria and DDT, that shows the risks of certain policies neglecting basic human expectations such as health. As a conclusion, some suggestions for possible research activities are given and a few recommendations for sound public health policies are indicated.     

亚健康与健康管理——认识亚健康,做自己的健康管理医师

亚健康问题已成为受社会关注的的热点之一,亚健康作为健康与疾病的中介状态,具有可向疾病发展、又可向健康逆转的双向性,因此,对亚健康的诊断,及时采取干预措施,有助于个体向健康方向转化,对阻止疾病的发生、发展是极其有价值的,本文探讨了亚健康的理念及评估方法.并探讨通过健康管理中心这个平台,利用综合手段,如健康教育宣传、电话咨询、电视、电台健康节目互动、互联网、健康管理门诊治疗、亚健康评估、心理治疗、社会生活方式指导、健康监测等,对亚健康人群进行个体化的健康管理,从而使亚健康状态向健康方面发展,避免慢性病的发生.     

Oral health and systemic health

Certain cancers, hypertension, diabetes, leukemia, gastrointestinal disorders, osteoporosis, and HIV and other infectious diseases can manifest themselves in the oral cavity. In addition, some of these conditions and the therapies for them can affect the teeth and mouth. This article outlines what physicians should know about how certain medical conditions and medications can affect dental health and treatment, how dentists can help detect underlying medical conditions, and how the two professions can better serve patients by working together. placement of implants, periodontal surgery, endodontic treatment, or subgingival manipulation. Physicians should be aware of potential complications from dental treatment, inform patients of the risks, and communicate to the patient's dentist about the patient's physical status, the extent to which his or her condition is under control, and how to prevent complications. The following examples illustrate the need for such interaction between physicians and dentists.     

Community health and foot health

The limiting factor in health and mobility for many seniors is the state of their feet. The origins of their foot problems can often be traced back to childhood and years of wearing badly fitting or inappropriate footwear. Well-fitting footwear is essential if mobility and independence are to be retained. The chiropodist (or podiatrist) is a health professional specializing in the treatment of conditions of the foot. Some common foot conditions, together with their treatments, are described. Although numbers of chiropodists in Canada are limited, their role is being increasingly recognized in maintaining or restoring mobility, and also their place in the community health team.     

Subjective health indicators and health promotion

This article gives an account of subjective (perceived) healthmeasurement based upon the development and use of an indicatorknown as the Nottingham Health Profile, an instrument that aimsto show the subjective elements of the experience of healthand illness by using the ordinary language of the intended respondent.The author discusses the possibility of using subjective healthindicators for the assessment of health promotion activitiesand examines ways in which these indicators might be used inhealth promotion research.