碳纤维复合材料与LY12铝合金的电偶腐蚀

依据相关标准研究了碳纤维复合材料与LY12铝合金的电偶腐蚀行为,结果表明,碳纤维与LY12铝合金在NaCl溶液中接触时会发生较为严重的电偶腐蚀,环境温度、电解液浓度和pH对电偶电流有较大的影响。电偶电流随偶接时间的增加大体上呈下降的趋势,当电解液体系在酸性或碱性条件下,电偶电流先增大后降低,并保持在一个较高的水平;而在中性条件下电偶腐蚀电流相对最小。LY12铝合金电偶腐蚀后,表面有明显的点蚀坑,且腐蚀区域变得较为平整。     

流动对316L/2205和431/2205不锈钢在3.5% NaCl溶液中电偶腐蚀的影响

采用动电位极化、电偶电流、腐蚀形貌分析等方法研究了在3.5%NaCl溶液中介质流动对316L/2205和431/2205不锈钢电偶腐蚀的影响。与42CrMo/316L偶对对比发现316L/2205、431/2205和42CrMo/316L电偶中316L、431和42CrMo均作为阳极,其腐蚀受到加速,三种偶对的电偶腐蚀倾向大小为:316L/2205431/220542CrMo/316L;电偶电流测量发现介质流动可以增大三种偶对的电偶电流,偶对431/2205存在电偶电流和电位暂态峰。腐蚀形貌分析发现,静止条件下316L、2205和431不锈钢没有明显的腐蚀,42CrMo钢表面覆盖锈蚀层;流动条件下431不锈钢表面点蚀坑形成并附着腐蚀产物,42CrMo表面局部形成锈蚀层,结合形貌分析认为,431/2205偶对中电流暂态峰的出现与蚀坑中锈蚀层的形成有关。     

Ti8LC钛合金与主要结构材料的电偶腐蚀及防护研究

通过测定表面防护处理前后,Ti8LC钛合金、7710铝合金、ZL59铝合金、30CrMnSiA高强钢的电极电位,以及Ti8LC钛合金与其余3种材料组成偶对后的电偶腐蚀电流-时间曲线,研究了表面防护处理前后3种偶对的电偶腐蚀行为,并评估了电偶腐蚀敏感性.研究结果表明:Ti8LC与7710铝合金、ZL59铝合金、30CrMnSiA钢偶接时,会产生严重的电偶腐蚀,必须进行表面防护处理才能使用;采用涂层前处理+有机涂层防护的方法,可有效阻止Ti8LC钛合金与铝合金和高强钢的电偶腐蚀.     

碳纤维复合材料与铝合金电偶腐蚀行为研究

采用全浸腐蚀、腐蚀失重测量、电偶电位和电偶腐蚀电流等试验研究方法．将T300／5222、T300／5405和T300／QY8911三种碳纤维复合材料与LY12CZ、71304和2D70三种铝合金相互偶接，研究由于电偶腐蚀的存在，对铝合金及复合材料腐蚀行为的影响，用SEM方法观察其腐蚀形貌．结果表明，碳纤维复合材料与铝合金的电偶腐蚀作用，促进了铝合金表面点蚀的形成与扩展，电偶作用使铝合金腐蚀的溶解速率明显加快，而与铝合金偶接的复合材料表面形貌基本无变化，复合材料与铝合金之间电偶腐蚀电流较大，二者之间电偶腐蚀十分严重．     

静水压力对超纯Al/超纯Fe电偶中超纯Al腐蚀行为的影响

采用动电位极化和电化学噪声方法在3.5%NaCl中研究了静水压力对超纯Al/超纯Fe电偶中超纯Al腐蚀行为的影响。利用离散小波变换去除噪声信号的直流漂移,然后进行散粒噪声和随机分析;利用HilbertHuang变换对噪声信号做时频分析;用SEM观察腐蚀试样的表面形貌;用有限元方法模拟压力分布。结果表明,不同静水压力下超纯Al在3.5%NaCl溶液中皆自钝化,与超纯Fe偶合后发生点蚀。随静水压力的升高,超纯Al/超纯Fe的电偶电位逐渐降低,电偶电流逐渐增大。静水压力越高,经电偶腐蚀后超纯Al表面形成的点蚀坑尺寸越小且分布更加均匀。静水压力的提高加速了电偶腐蚀中超纯Al的点蚀孕育速率,但抑制了点蚀生长概率,降低了局部腐蚀倾向。静水压力为常压时,点蚀可沿水平、竖直方向扩展;在静水压力存在的条件下,点蚀更易于沿水平方向扩展。     

湿态电绝缘对电偶腐蚀行为的影响

采用串联不同阻值电阻和3种不同的湿态绝缘材料进行了模拟异种金属电绝缘连接构件的电偶腐蚀实验,研究了湿态电绝缘状态对船体钢-白铜电偶腐蚀的影响。结果表明:绝缘材料在湿态下可成为电子导电的材料,湿态绝缘材料的电阻既包括离子导电引起的离子电阻Ri,还包括电子导电引起的电子电阻Re。湿态电绝缘下的白铜-船体钢电偶对中船体钢的腐蚀行为主要与湿绝缘材料的Re有关。当Re小于1 kΩ时,串联电阻时的电偶电流可高于直接短接时的电偶电流,船体钢的腐蚀速率可高于直接短接时的;当Re大于1 kΩ时,Re越大,电偶电流越小,船体钢的腐蚀速率越低。湿态绝缘材料Re的形成与绝缘材料的材质有关,选择合适的电绝缘材料是防止白铜-船体钢电偶腐蚀的关键。     

模拟海洋大气环境下钛铝连接件的电偶腐蚀研究

目的 探究海洋大气环境下飞机结构用钛铝连接件的电偶腐蚀行为,分析结构件各位置的电偶腐蚀差异,完善钛、铝金属间的电偶腐蚀机理。方法 通过动电位极化曲线、零电阻电流(ZRA)及中性盐雾试验等,比较浸泡和薄液膜2种测试条件对腐蚀过程的影响。利用有限元模拟(FEM)表征电偶作用在钛铝表面的影响范围,并预测各位置的腐蚀程度,最后通过腐蚀形貌和失重试验加以验证。结果 在模拟海洋大气环境下钛及铝合金的阴极反应速率相较于浸泡条件下有所提高,耦合后两金属间的电偶电流密度由浸泡时的1.52 μA/cm²提升至11.00 μA/cm²,腐蚀形态由局部点蚀凹坑转变为连续网格状腐蚀条纹。另外,钛与铝金属间的电偶电位(Eg=−700 mV, vs. SCE)与阳极铝合金的自腐蚀电位(Ecorr, Al=−680 mV, vs. SCE)接近,两者间较低的电位差使得电偶作用在铝表面的影响距离只有10~15 mm。结论 钛铝连接件的电偶腐蚀主要集中在与钛直接接触的铝合金交界处,但不同边界位置的腐蚀深度也可能相差4倍以上,这主要与电偶作用影响范围内的阴/阳极面积比有关。     

微弧氧化铝合金在海水中的腐蚀行为

采用室内海水浸泡试验、铜离子浸泡试验、电偶试验等方法研究了微弧氧化层和封孔处理对6061铝合金耐海水腐蚀性能的影响。结果显示,微弧氧化后铝合金在海水中的腐蚀形貌为点蚀,封孔处理可明显降低点蚀的发生。与铜合金偶合对微弧氧化铝合金的腐蚀加速较大,在实际使用中应尽量避免两种材料的电接触。     

镁合金大气电偶腐蚀初期规律

研究了AZ91D、AM50、AM60铸造镁合金与A3钢、316L不锈钢、H62黄铜、LY12铝合金组成的电偶对分别在青岛和武汉现场暴晒3个月和6个月后的大气电偶腐蚀行为及规律.结果显示, 镁合金始终是电偶对的阳极; 当其与其它4种材料偶接时, 其腐蚀速率增加.镁合金与A3钢偶合后, 其大气电偶腐蚀效应最大, 而与LY12铝合金组成的电偶对的大气电偶腐蚀效应最小.不同镁合金的大气电偶腐蚀效应存在如下关系: γAZ91D>γAM50>γAM60.暴晒3个月后, 青岛的大气电偶腐蚀效应明显高于武汉的大气电偶腐蚀效应.随着暴晒时间的延长, 青岛和武汉的大气电偶腐蚀效应分别呈降低和升高的趋势.     

20#钢/锡青铜偶对在流动海水中的电偶腐蚀行为研究

20#钢穿舱件和锡青铜阀电偶腐蚀是船舶海水管路系统严重腐蚀部位之一。为控制20#钢/锡青铜电偶腐蚀延长海水管路系统寿命,本文通过原位测量20#钢管材和ZCuSn5Pb5Zn5锡青铜管材在静态以及1、3和5 m/s流速海水中的电偶电位和电偶电流,分析电偶腐蚀速率随时间和流速的变化规律;同时采用扫描电镜(SEM)和激光Raman光谱仪分析腐蚀形貌和腐蚀产物组分。结果表明,在不同流速海水中,20#钢与ZCuSn5Pb5Zn5合金间存在明显的电偶腐蚀倾向,20#钢作为阳极加剧腐蚀,ZCuSn5Pb5Zn5合金作为阴极受到保护;相比于静态海水,20#钢阳极极化电流密度和ZCuSn5Pb5Zn5合金阴极极化电流密度在流动海水中显著增加,电偶腐蚀显著加剧,1 m/s流速下的电偶腐蚀速率是静态下的17.5倍;当海水流速达到5 m/s后,20#钢表面形成了致密性较高、活性低的腐蚀产物沉积层,电偶腐蚀速率减小。     

0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金和钛台金接触腐蚀与防护研究

通过测定0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金（LY12）和钛合金（TC4）组成的电偶对的电偶电流的方法,研究了0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢在使用中与铝合金和钛合金接触时发生电偶腐蚀的敏感性。研究结果表明:0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金接触时会产生严重的电偶腐蚀,必须进行防护处理方可使用;与钛合金接触时产生的电偶腐蚀很轻微,可以不进行防护。0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢表面进行镀镉钛防护后,与铝合金接触时的电偶电流密度大为减小,相差近10倍;采用环氧锌黄底漆、XM-33-4双组分密封胶防护可以有效地防止0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金和钛合金接触产生的电偶腐蚀。     

Evaluation of atmospheric galvanic aluminum corrosion in electrical transmission towers at different sites in the Valparaíso region,Chile. Wire-on-Bolt Test (CLIMAT)

This study evaluates environmental aggressiveness and atmospheric galvanic corrosivity categories in Chile (Classification of Industrial and Marine ATmospheres test) by installing bolts in electrical transmission towers in the Valparaiso region across four exposure sites: Playa Ancha, San Sebastián, Las Vegas, and San Felipe. Classifications of marine corrosion index (MCI), industrial corrosion index (ICI), and atmospheric corrosion index (ACI) used different galvanic couples: aluminum/steel for MCI, aluminum/copper for ICI, and aluminum/polyethylene for ACI. Corrosion indices varied by season (summer, autumn, winter, and spring), for which couples were exchanged every 3 months. Intraseason variation depended mainly on the meteorochemical variables of the zone, the Cl⁻/SO₂ ratio, and the presence of general and pitting corrosion in the aluminum. The results indicate that, regardless of environmental condition, the aluminum in Al/steel (MCI) and Al/copper (ICI) couples presented a higher corrosion rate than when not forming a galvanic couple (ACI). Moreover, under higher environmental chloride, these differences increase. The Playa Ancha station presented the highest ACI.     

Galvanic corrosion of gas tungsten arc repair welds in 17-4PH stainless steel in 3·5% NaCl solution

Abstract

In this paper, the galvanic corrosion of individual components of a 17-4PH repair welded stainless steel in 3·5% NaCl solution was investigated using various dc electrochemical measurements and microscopy. Open circuit potential measurement of the regions in the vicinity of a repair weld [i.e. parent metal, weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ)] in 17-4PH stainless steel in 3·5% NaCl solution indicated that the most likely galvanic couple was between HAZ and weld with the HAZ acting as the anode and weld metal as the cathode. Slow scan rate potentiodynamic polarisation measurement of pitting potentials revealed a lower passive current density and a higher pitting potential in the weld region, while the HAZ showed the highest passive current density and the lowest pitting potential. Observation of the material after applying an anodic potential close to the pitting potential of the individual weld parts also confirmed the formation of several stable pits in the HAZ but only a few metastable pits in the weld and parent metal zones. Galvanic coupling using a zero resistance ammeter also showed a higher current density in the weld metal/HAZ as compared with the parent metal/HAZ and parent metal/weld galvanic couples. Although, the current densities in all measurements were in the range of a few to tenths of nanoampere per square centimetre, it can still be concluded that the weld metal/HAZ couple has the highest risk of galvanic corrosion among the three individual galvanic couples.     

几种缓蚀剂对钢-铝偶合体在3%NaCl溶液中的缓蚀作用研究

采用电化学测试和浸泡失重实验,对比分析了0.1 mg/g Na₂S、1%Na₃PO₄、5000 mg/L Na₂MoO₄、及其复配0.1 mg/g Na₂S+1%Na₃PO₄、1%Na₃PO₄+5000 mg/L Na₂MoO₄几种缓蚀剂的添加对10CrSiNiCu (907) 钢-ZL102铝合金偶合体 (后称钢-铝偶合体) 的缓蚀效果。结果表明：几种缓蚀剂的加入均能在一定程度上减弱钢-铝偶合体的电偶腐蚀,并减缓了钢、Al各自在3%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀,其中复配体系 (1%Na₃PO₄+5000 mg/L Na₂MoO₄) 对钢-铝电偶对的综合缓蚀效果最好。     

Evaluation of pitting corrosion of thixoformed A356 alloy using a simulation model

Pitting behavior of thixoformed A356 alloy, with different reheating temperatures, was evaluated. Linear sweep voltammetric tests were used to study the pitting behavior of thixoformed, rheocast and gravity-cast A356 alloy in a 3.5% NaCl solution. A simulation method was also used in order to identify local galvanic corrosion current density between local galvanic couples. The results obtained show that the resistance to pitting corrosion of the thixoformed samples formed at 600 °C is higher than that of the samples formed at 610 °C as well as rheocast and gravity-cast samples. These results could be explained by morphological aspects of silicon phase as well as the area effect as related to galvanic corrosion between silicon particles and eutectic aluminum phase.     

Galvanic coupling effect on corrosion behavior of Al alloy-matrix composites

Galvanic coupling effect on the corrosion of SiC-reinforced aluminum alloy-matrix composites was investigated in a sodium chloride solution. The potentiodynamic polarization measurement indicated that pitting potentials of metal matrix composites (MMCs) and AA2124 matrix alloy were similar, and pitting potential of MMCs was almost same as corrosion potential, while pitting susceptibility of MMCs was higher than that of AA2124 alloy. Galvanic current by formation of galvanic couple between SiCw and matrix reveals very low value because of large cathodic polarization of SiC. However, by increasing potential of matrix to pitting potential by this galvanic couple and thus, forming pits easily at the weak passive film near SiC reinforcing phase preferentially, it is concluded that pitting susceptibility of MMCs increases highly than AA2124 alloy of matrix composition.     

模拟海洋环境下7B04铝合金电偶腐蚀预测及验证

基于腐蚀电化学原理和有限元方法,建立7B04铝合金分别与CFRP、TA15钛合金、30CrMnSiA钢在模拟海洋环境下耦合时的电偶腐蚀模型,仿真得到电极表面的电偶电位和电偶电流密度分布等;实测电偶腐蚀电流并对模型的预测结果进行验证。结果表明:自腐蚀电位由高到低可依次排列为E_CFRP > E_TA15 > E_30CrMnSiA > E_7B04,耦合后7B04铝合金作为阳极而加速腐蚀;不同电偶体系的电偶电位相差不大,而电偶电流变化明显;阴/阳极面积比相同时,7B04铝合金与CFRP耦合时的电偶电流最大,即电偶效应最强,与TA15钛合金耦合时的电偶电流次之,与30CrMnSiA钢耦合时的电偶电流最弱;阴/阳极间的电偶电位和电偶电流随阴/阳极面积比的增加而线性增加;计算结果与预测结果相对误差基本在±5%以内,表明电解液中的双电极电偶腐蚀模型有较高的预测准确度。     

Galvanic Effect Between Galvanized Steel and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers

The galvanic corrosion behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymers(CFRPs) GM-CFRP and Tepex-CFRP in contact with a Zn-coated DP590 steel in solution containing 0.9 wt%NaCl + 0.1 wt%CaCl_2 + 0.075 wt%NaHCO_3 was investigated.The results showed that the GM-CFRP/steel couple was initially more resistant to galvanic corrosion,but its galvanic corrosion activity gradually became higher than the Tepex-CFRP/steel couple.The different galvanic behaviors of these two couples were discussed based on the electrochemical performance of GM-CFRP,Tepex-CFRP and DP590 coupons in the testing solution.     

2024与2124铝合金电偶腐蚀行为的对比研究

将2024和2124铝合金与电位较正的钛合金（TC4）联接加速腐蚀,通过测试电偶腐蚀电流的分布曲线对比研究将铝合金经阳极化处理后的电偶腐蚀敏感性。采用表面形貌观察分析2×××系列铝合金的电偶腐蚀行为。结果表明,纯化可以减小材料的腐蚀电流密度和腐蚀电位,但效果不太明显,而阳极氧化处理可以明显降低其腐蚀敏感性,是防护电偶腐蚀的重要措施之一。