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基于虚拟变形(VDM)方法中移动动态影响矩阵的概念,利用双自由度质量-弹簧阻尼模型模拟移动车辆,系统推导和阐述了车-桥耦合系统中粗糙路面上移动体参数的识别方法。以移动体参数的修正因子为优化变量,通过最小化桥体结构实测响应和计算响应的平方距离进行识别,识别精度高,对噪声鲁棒性强,且较少的传感器就能识别多个移动体参数。利用移动动态影响矩阵,每步优化中无需时时重构系统参数矩阵,计算效率高。利用一个三跨连续梁模型验证该方法的有效性,在5%的噪声影响下,利用一个传感器可以准确地识别多个移动体参数和移动荷载。此外,通过比较平坦路面与粗糙路面上的移动体参数的识别方法和结果,结合车体参数的灵敏度分析,说明了路面粗糙度、移动体参数对结构响应的影响及不同情况下参数识别中优化变量的选取原则。 相似文献
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目的使萤火虫优化算法(GSO)能够适用于车辆路径问题(VRP)的求解,同时提高该算法的求解性能。方法通过对GSO算法的改进,提出求解VRP问题的混沌模拟退火萤火虫优化算法(CSAGSO)。首先,设计改进的GSO算法(IGSO)使IGSO算法能够适应VRP问题的求解;其次,在IGSO算法中引入模拟退火机制,提出模拟退火萤火虫优化算法(SAGSO),使IGSO算法可有效避免陷入局部极小并最终趋于全局最优。然后,在SAGSO算法中引入混沌机制,提出CSAGSO算法,对SAGSO算法的荧光素浓度值进行混沌初始化和混沌扰动;最后,对标准算例集进行仿真测试。结果与遗传算法、蚁群算法和粒子群算法相比,CSAGSO算法的全局寻优能力、收敛速度及稳定性均改善了50%以上。结论对GSO算法的改进是合理的,且CSAGSO算法的全局优化能力、收敛速度和稳定性均优于遗传算法、蚁群算法和粒子群算法。 相似文献
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对桥梁移动荷载识别方程不适定问题进行研究,提出采用预处理共轭梯度法(PCGM)求解超定方程组,通过选择不同的预优矩阵,改善和解决超定方程组的欠秩和病态问题。为验证基于PCGM方法的现场实用性,设计制作了车桥试验模型,通过试验采集到的桥梁弯矩响应数据识别桥面移动荷载。比较桥梁模态数、预处理共轭梯度法迭代次数、桥面粗糙度、车辆重量以及测点选择对识别结果精度的影响后,研究结果表明:基于PCGM方法能够很好地识别车辆荷载,收敛较快且能较好改善荷载识别方程的不适定性。 相似文献
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基于矩量法的移动荷载识别 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从桥梁响应识别桥面移动荷载往往出现逆问题的病态(不适定性)等共性问题。本文基于移动荷载识别理论,借助矩量法求解积分方程理论并采用整域基函数——正交勒让德多项式表达桥面移动荷载,提出了一种移动荷载识别的时域改进算法。两轴车辆多种组合工况下的常载和时变荷载数值仿真研究表明:与时域法比较,改进时域法识别桥面移动荷载时,其识别精度高、抗噪能力强,识别结果不适定性有显著改善。 相似文献
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In this study, dynamic moving load identification of laminated composite beams is performed by introducing a hybrid finite element (FE), time marching differential quadrature (TMDQ) and genetic algorithms (GAs) methods. The first-order shear deformation theory based equations of the beam are discretized in the space and time domains using the FE and TMDQ methods, respectively. Accuracy and efficiency of the TMDQ method for solving the problem are shown via comparing the results with the Newmark’s method. To simulate the measured responses for the load identification problem, random error is applied to the dynamic responses obtained from the finite element and time marching differential quadrature method under a given dynamic load. An objective function as a root mean square error between the calculated and measured responses is defined and the GAs is employed to minimize the function and identify the loading parameters. Applicability and usefulness of the proposed method are shown through solving some examples. 相似文献
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正交各向异性孔板的材料参数识别 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合优化技术和边界元分析,针对正交各向异性孔板进行了材料参数的识别。材料参数识别的问题转化为极小化目标函数的问题,其中目标函数定义为测量位移与边界元计算相应的位移之差的平方和。采用Levenberg-Marquardt方法解极小化目标函数的问题,其中灵敏度的计算是基于离散的边界元代数矩阵方程对识别材料参数的求导。数值算例中,首先把边界元计算正交各向异性圆孔方板位移的结果与解析解进行比较,两者符合良好;然后采用本文提出的方法识别正交各向异性圆孔方板的材料参数。数值算例表明本文提出的方法是有效的。 相似文献
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Ping Lou 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2005,64(9):1207-1235
The vertical dynamic responses of a simply supported bridge subjected to a moving train are investigated by means of the modal analysis method. Each vehicle of train is modelled as a four‐degree‐of‐freedom mass–spring–damper multi‐rigid body system with a car body and two wheelsets. The bridge, together with track, is modelled as a simply supported Bernoulli–Euler beam. The deflection of the beam is described by superimposing modes. The train and the beam are regarded as an entire dynamic system, in which the contact forces between wheelset and beam are considered as internal forces. The equations of vertical motion in matrix form with time‐dependent coefficients for this system are directly derived from the Hamilton's principle. The equations of motion are solved by Wilson‐θ method to obtain the dynamic responses for both the support beam and the moving train. Compared with the results previous reported, good agreement between the proposed method and the finite element method is obtained. Finally, the effects of beam mode number, vehicle number, beam top surface, and train velocity on the dynamic responses of the entire train and bridge coupling system are studied, and the dynamic responses of beam are given under the train moving with resonant velocity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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结构损伤检测实际上属于系统识别的问题,其最终目标是识别结构损伤前后物理参数的变化。可利用实测结构模态参数建立方程求解得到结构物理参数,该过程在数学上往往转化为求解约束优化问题。由此,尝试采用人工鱼群算法来求解这类大型土木工程约束优化问题,首先介绍了算法的参数定义、行为描述及算法流程,然后利用经典测试函数对算法计算性能进行测试,最后给出了结构损伤识别这类约束优化问题的目标函数并通过数值仿真验证了该算法的有效性和鲁棒性。考虑测量噪声影响并通过不同损伤工况的数值仿真,研究结果表明,人工鱼群算法能有效地检测出损伤单元所处位置和损伤程度,因而将其应用到结构损伤检测领域是可行的。 相似文献
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基于时变非线性自回归滑动平均模型利用改进的递推最小二乘算法提出一种用于非线性时变结构系统辨识的方法。利用线性变换将非线性时不变结构系统的动力学模型转化为非线性自回归滑动平均模型,然后将非线性项展开为系统输出数据的多项式的形式。利用短时时不变假设,通过改变模型的参数跟踪系统参数的变化,将非线性时变系统的辨识问题转化为线性时变系统的辨识问题,再利用改进的递推最小二乘算法实现对非线性时变结构系统的辨识。最后通过一个具有非线性时变刚度的三自由度结构系统的仿真算例表明,该方法可以有效地辨识非线性时变结构系统。 相似文献
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动态蚁群算法在带时间窗车辆路径问题中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
蚁群算法是近年来新出现的一种随机型搜索寻优算法。自从在旅行商等著名问题中得到富有成效的应用之后,已引起人们越来越多的关注和重视。将这种新型的生物优化思想扩展到物流管理中的带时间窗车辆路径问题,设计了一种动态蚁群算法,从数值计算上探索了这种新型蚁群算法的优化能力,获得了满意的效果。 相似文献
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In order to properly operate an autonomous vehicle navigation system, it is important that the vehicle and sensor models of the vehicle are defined by an accurate parameter set. This paper presents a technique for identifying parameters of an autonomous vehicle using multi-objective optimization, which enables the identification process without introducing additional parameters. A multi-objective optimization method has been further proposed to solve the optimization problem defined for the identification efficiently and promisingly. Results of numerical examples first show that the proposed optimization method can work well for various multi-objective optimization problems. Then, the proposed identification technique has been applied to the actual parameter identification of the autonomous vehicle developed by the authors, and an appropriate parameter set has been obtained. 相似文献
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In this paper, an uncertain multi-objective optimization method is suggested to deal with crashworthiness design problem of vehicle, in which the uncertainties of the parameters are described by intervals. Considering both lightweight and safety performance, structural weight and peak acceleration are selected as objectives. The occupant distance is treated as constraint. Based on interval number programming method, the uncertain optimization problem is transformed into a deterministic optimization problem. The approximation models are constructed for objective functions and constraint based on Latin Hypercube Design (LHD). Thus, the interval number programming method is combined with the approximation model to solve the uncertain optimization problem of vehicle crashworthiness efficiently. The present method is applied to two practical full frontal impact (FFI) problems. 相似文献
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流体饱和孔隙介质参数反演的模拟退火算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了模拟退火算法在流体饱和孔隙介质参数反演中的应用。通过计算响应数据与实测响应数据的拟合将参数反问题归结为最优化问题。由于流体饱和孔隙介质运动方程的复杂性,动力响应与材料参数之间呈复杂的非线性关系,优化目标函数是非凸多峰函数。传统的梯度类优化方法一方面受局部极值的困扰难以搜索到全局最优解; 另一方面确定搜索方向须进行复杂的参数敏度分析。为克服这些困难,本文应用模拟退火算法进行了多参数反演数值模拟,模拟结果表明了模拟退火算法的可行性和稳健性。 相似文献