Aerodynamic performance of high-turning curved compressor cascade with boundary layer suction

The impact of boundary layer suction on the aerodynamic performance of a high-turning compressor cascade was numerically simulated and discussed.The aerodynamic performance of a curved and a straight cascade with and without boundary layer suction were comparatively studied at several suction flow rates.The results showed that boundary layer suction dramatically improved the flow behavior within the flow passage.Moreover,higher loading over the whole blade height,lower total pressure loss,and higher passage throughflow were achieved with a relatively small amount of boundary layer removal.The integration of curved blade and boundary layer suction contributed to better aerodynamic performance than the cascades with only curved blade or boundary layer suction used,and the more favorable effect resulted from the weakening of the three dimensional effects of the boundary layer close to the endwalls.     

Effects of circumferential configuration concerning splitter blade on the aerodynamic performance in a transonic axial fan

For a certain type of transonic axial fan, the flow field of a fan rotor with splitter blade was computed by numerical simulation, and the shape of the rotor was modified. The effects of different circumferential distributions concerning the splitter cascades upon the aerodynamic performance were investigated. The studies show that the optimum splitter cascade is not very close to the suction side of main blade. The load between the main blade and the splitter blade can be soundly distributed in terms of the adjustment of circumferential position of the splitter blade. The best aerodynamic performance can be successfully obtained according to the optimum shape of the expanding fluid channel reasonably formed by the splitter blade and the main blade.     

Tests and numerical simulation on curved blade of super-critical adjust stage

Tests and numerical simulations of super-critical adjust stage blade were carried out and the effect of bowed blade on flow characteristics and the secondary flow were analyzed. The simulation and test results show that the adjust stage blade with aft-loading and big front-edge radius has good flow characteristics by meridian shrink. The numerical studies were carried out with software of NUMECA in order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of adjust stage blades,which include prototype blade(tested blade) ,positive curved blade (15°) and negative curved blade(-15°) . The simulation results show that the positive curved blade forms a negative static pressure gradient in the lower region of the cascade along the blade height and a positive static pressure gradient in the upper region. This leads to the reduction of the streamwise vortices intensity and the aerodynamic load on both sides of the blade and the endwall. Therefore,the crosswise secondary flow losses of endwall can be decreased considerably.     

中压低温透平膨胀机膨胀端三维数值模拟

采用CFD方法对某型号中压低温透平膨胀机膨胀端进行整机全周数值模拟,全面考虑了进气蜗壳、叶顶间隙气封、轮背气封和轴封等细节结构对膨胀端气动性能和流场的影响.研究结果表明:进气蜗壳的几何形状是造成喷嘴进口气流沿叶高方向分布不均匀的主要原因;轮背气封、叶顶气封和轴封内存在明显的旋涡流动,且叶顶气封是典型的后台阶流动,齿封内和台阶后旋涡涡轴方向相反;喷嘴和叶轮之间过小的间隙导致气流在喷嘴压力面一侧形成激波,激波/附面层干扰使叶片和下端壁附面层同时分离,在上、下端壁角区各形成一个弯曲的涡管,最后终止于动静交界面.     

低雷诺数涡轮叶栅损失的实验与数值模拟研究

发动机涡轮部件在高空低速飞行条件下工作雷诺数降低，其损失显著增大、效率显著降低。本研究的目的是应用实验分析与数值模拟相结合的方法，深入认识高空低雷诺数条件下涡轮流动损失的特征和规律，数值计算是基于Jameson中心差分格式和Runge-Kutta时间推进的方法求解N-S方程完成，实验是在西北工业大学低速涡轮平面叶栅实验风洞进行。研究表明，随着雷诺数降低，涡轮叶栅流动损失增大，当雷诺数小于40000之后，涡轮叶栅流动损失呈明显增大的趋势。数值计算结果表明在低雷诺数条件下，涡轮叶栅吸力面后部流动产生了分离，这是流动损失增大的主要原因。数值预测的结果与实验测量结果的趋势吻合得相当好。     

弯曲叶片降低能量损失的涡动力学机制

采用实验与数值模拟相结合的手段，从涡动力学的角度阐述了弯叶片降低能量损失的机理，研究了在不同攻角，不同出口马赫数，不同弯角条件下涡轮叶栅流场内主要旋涡的生成与发展，并通过与直叶栅的对比，研究了叶片弯曲对马蹄涡起始分离点位置及对通道涡位置强度的影响，从截面涡结构入手，分析了叶片弯曲这种边界条件的改变方式对通道涡稳定性的影响，通过分析在不同气动条件下通道涡对损失贡献的差异指出了在通道涡强度与尺度较大的叶栅，叶片弯曲不但会直接通过改变通道涡的强度，减少通道涡本身的损失来影响损失的大小，同时也会通过对通道涡位置的改变来影响损失的分布与大小。     

Investigation of the Aerodynamic Character in Turbine Cascades with Aft-loaded Profile

For evaluate the aerodynamic character of the turbine cascades which have the aft-loaded profile, the experimental investigation was carried out on the low speed annular wind tunnel. And the detailed measurements of the aerodynamic parameters were made from upstream to downstream of the two type turbine cascades, the one is the conventional straight blades cascade, the other is the curved blades cascades. The static pressure distributions on the endwall and the blade surface were also carried out. The influence of the aft-loaded profile and the curved blade on the development of loss and the pressure distribution was discussed, and analyses the different flow phenomena and mechanism in two type turbine cascades.     

弯叶片压气机叶栅在不同进口附面层厚度下的特性研究

采用人工加厚叶栅进口附面层厚度的方法,研究了弯叶片压气机叶栅在不同叶栅进口附面层厚度条件下叶栅特性的变化,实验结果表明,叶栅进口附面层厚度增加时,叶栅两端区二次流损失增加,近端壁气流的过转程度加强,正弯曲叶栅中低能流体向叶栅中部的迁移能力降低２。反弯曲叶栅中角区分离加剧。叶栅出口气流角和叶栅扩压能力和叶栅进口附面层厚工密切相关。     

蒸汽轮机末级应用海豚型静叶的数值仿真

分别对海豚型叶型和常规设计的蒸汽轮机叶型进行了一级全三维气液两相数值计算,对比发现所设计的海豚型叶型在改善常规叶型流场的气动性能、提高汽轮机轮周效率的同时,可以提高流道内叶片段区域的湿蒸汽干度,改善流道内湿蒸汽的分布。海豚型叶型具有短的扩压段,使激波和附面层干扰区域具有更强的防汽流脱落能力,这样可减少此区域内水膜被高速汽流急剧撕裂成二次水滴的可能。海豚型叶型通道内湿蒸汽湿度沿叶高的分布特点有利于在叶片上表面开设除湿槽,进行高效除湿。     

叶片倾斜角度对小型轴流风扇静特性的影响

采用叶片周向倾斜设计法,改变一直叶片小型轴流风扇叶型,得到不同周向倾斜角的小型轴流风扇,并对其内部流场进行定常流动的数值模拟,分析直叶片、前倾斜叶片、后倾斜叶片等风扇叶型对气动性能的影响。模拟结果表明,采用叶片前缘倾斜设计可减弱附面层分离,改善风扇流动状况,从而达到提高风扇静压和效率的目的。     

Studies of stability of blade cascade suction surface boundary layer

Transition is an important factor affecting the flowloss in blade cascade. Estimated transition local andprediction complex flows is an important element in a-nalysis and performance evaluation of gas turbine en-gine components and ultimately in the desig…     

尾缘形状对低压涡轮叶栅气动性能的影响

为减小高负荷低压涡轮叶型损失,提高低压涡轮叶栅气动性能,采用数值模拟方法研究尾缘形状对高负荷前加载低压涡轮叶栅L2F气动性能的影响.对比尾缘偏斜、增加尾缘厚度和Gurney襟翼对叶栅能量损失和流动的影响.结果表明:3种尾缘形状都能增加气流折转角,在低雷诺数时减小能量损失,在高雷诺数时增加损失,但总体上尾缘偏斜提高气动性能的效果更好.雷诺数为20 000、湍流度为3%时,尾缘偏斜能够减小16.5%叶栅能量损失,增加3.3%气流折转角.3种尾缘形状都使主流发生偏转,加速了吸力面边界层流动,抑制了流动分离,有利于减小损失;但尾缘改型增强了尾缘后流动掺混,会增加损失.     

汽轮机叶栅内蒸汽流动的数值模拟研究

蒸汽汽轮机叶栅内流动属于变截面管流问题.本文利用力学知识建立了叶栅机翼理论,利用Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD）软件对蒸汽在汽轮机叶栅内的流动进行了数值模拟研究,包括稳态流动及非稳态流动,并对叶栅内部蒸汽流动的压力和马赫数进行了动态显示,分析研究验证了与流体力学有关机翼和叶栅边界层理论知识.     

Flow separation control by using bowed blade in highly loaded turbine cascades

Due to the serious flow separations and centralized vortices,there are high secondary losses in highly loaded turbines.It is imperative to find measures to control the flow separation and vortices hence improve the turbine performance.This paper reports our recent progress on flow separation and vor-tices control in highly loaded turbine cascades by using bowed blades.Two sets of highly loaded tur-bine cascades with the turning angles of 113° and 160°,and each with 7 bowed blade angles 0°(straight),±10°,±20...     

两类相对流面上边界层微分方程组

本文在相对正交曲线座标系中建立了两类相对流面(S_1流面和S_2流面)上边界层微分方程组。所给方程不仅描述了静、动叶流道内边界层流动的一般特性,而且可用于叶片表面和内外端壁附近由于二次流动引起流面翘曲时的计算,特别适用于与S1、S_2流面的势流方程相互迭代,求解高R_e值下叶栅流道内的三元粘性流场。     

叶栅端壁附面层叶片力亏损预测模型

本文基于实验结果,提出了一种预测轴流压气机叶栅端壁附面层叶片力亏损的通用模型.该模型的理论性强、物理意义明确.它包含了目前广泛使用的现有诸种叶片力亏损模型且明显减少了模型的经验性.应用于不同轴流压气机叶栅端壁附面层流动的数值分析结果与实验结果的比较表明,本文所建立的新模型通用性更强且精度也得到了进一步的提高.     

压气机弦向缝隙叶栅的气体动力学研究

就高负荷轴流式压气机弦向缝隙叶栅提出了确定弦向缝隙位置的数学模型 ,并给出了弦向缝隙叶栅流场计算的方法 ,作为分析这种叶栅气动性能的基础。风洞吹风试验表明了本模型的正确性及弦向缝隙叶栅对轴流式压气机气动性能的改善     

叶栅端壁附面层的预测模型研究

本文对轴流压气机叶栅端壁附面层的诸种计算方法进行了详细的研制，基于实验和理论提出一种将叶片力亏损与端壁附面层主流和横流发展相关联的新的叶片力亏损模型，该模型不仅适用于叶栅通道内的附面层计算，而且适用于考虑端部间隙漏流影响的端壁附面层计算，对三种不同叶栅的计算结果表明，采用本文的力亏损模型和端壁附面层计算方法所预测的端壁附面层发展，尤其是叶片力亏损的发展，与实验结果一致性较好，这说明本文不仅通用性强而且更具有强的实用性。     

结构参数对仿生翅片翼气动性能影响

为提高翼型气动性能,提出一种仿生翅片翼型.以NACA0018为例,在翼型吸力面布置固定仿生翅片翼,分析翅片翼的相对位置、相对长度结构参数及两者综合效应对仿生翅片翼改变翼型气动特性的能力的影响,并从流场角度分析仿生翅片翼的作用机理.数值计算结果表明:以翅片翼的最佳控制效果作为衡量标准,靠近前缘处翅片翼对大分离流动效果显著,靠近尾缘的翅片翼对于中度的流动分离效果较好;相对长度与翅片翼气动性能呈非线性关系,且长度过短时无法对分离层产生有效分割,过长时影响分离层上方的流体.当翅片翼末端刚好接触分离层的边缘时,控制效果最佳;仿生翅片翼的气动性能是由翅片翼的相对位置、相对长度共同决定的,单变量的研究难以准确地解释其中的规律.     

变马赫数下压力面小翼对扩压叶栅气动特性的影响

为探究变来流马赫数下压力面叶尖小翼对扩压叶栅气动特性的影响,对Ma=0.5、Ma=0.6和Ma=0.7来流马赫数下的原型叶栅和加装不同宽度的压力面叶尖小翼的扩压叶栅流场特性进行了实验研究. 结果表明:在高亚声速的来流条件下,压力面叶尖小翼可以有效减小叶顶两侧压力梯度,阻碍流体流入叶顶间隙,控制叶顶泄漏流动,减小流场损失,改善流场流动状况. 随着小翼宽度的增加,改善程度增大,同时马赫数的变化与控制效果成正比. 当Ma=0.7时,与原型叶栅相比,PW2.0方案的流场改善程度最大,总压损失系数降低了6.53%.