带随机波动率的Lévy模型下美式看涨期权的定价

期权定价是现代金融理论的重要内容之一.期权的价格通常与标的资产价格的波动率等因素有关.B-S模型中假设波动率为常数,而实际上波动率往往是一个随机过程.本文研究带随机波动率的Lévy模型下美式看涨期权的定价问题,得到了美式看涨期权的最优执行时间以及期权价格满足的偏微分方程.     

带随机波动率的Lévy模型下美式看涨期权的定价

期权定价是现代金融理论的重要内容之一。期权的价格通常与标的资产价格的波动率等因素有关。B-S模型中假设波动率为常数,而实际上波动率往往是一个随机过程。本文研究带随机波动率的Lévy模型下美式看涨期权的定价问题,得到了美式看涨期权的最优执行时间以及期权价格满足的偏微分方程。     

关于美式期权定价方法的研究

美式期权的路径依赖特征导致了其定价的复杂性,并使得美式看涨、看跌期权之间的定价原理差异较大。本文在深入剖析美式期权特点及其价值形成机理的基础上,利用Ｂｌａｃｋ － Ｓｃｈｏｌｅｓ 定价模型,分别探讨了美式看涨、看跌期权的定价方法,并讨论了在其有效期内产生的现金流对美式期权价值的影响。     

基于Black-scholes公式下美式期权价格的计算

基于期权定价的基本理论,研究美式看涨期权与欧式看涨期权之间的关系; 在Black-Scholes公式假设条件下,利用鞅和停时理论,得美式看涨期权的价格与欧式看涨期权的价格相等;探讨美式看跌期权价格的数字化计算,在相关假设条件下,利用基于最优化时的变分不等式证明了美式看跌期权价格的有界性,并介绍了几种美式看跌期权价格的数字化计算方法.     

美 式 封 顶 期 权 的 对 称 性

利用偏微分方程方法给出了美式封顶看涨期权定价和美式保底看跌期权定价之间的某种对称性, 并将此结果推广到上限和下限随时间变化情形下的美式期权合约, 为期权交易者提供了投资依据.     

随机波动率下永久美式障碍期权的渐近式

研究波动率服从快速均值回复Ornstein-Unlenbeck(O-U)过程的永久美式障碍期权的定价问题.考虑永久美式向下敲出看涨期权,该期权的定价问题可归结于求解自由边界问题.使用扰动法,把期权价格以及最优执行价格按均值回复时间长度的幂进行展开,通过求解Poisson方程组,得到期权和最优执行价格的渐近公式.     

美式垄断期权定价的数学分析

介绍了美式垄断期权这一金融产品的数学模型.它的定价问题是一个退化的抛物型变分不等式,也是一个自由边界(即最佳实施边界)问题. 该文主要运用微分方程方法分析讨论,并与美式标准期权及美式交叉期权进行对比,得到以下应用结果：美式垄断期权并不是美式标准看涨和看跌期权的简单叠加.其价格比敲定价格相同的美式交叉期权便宜,但比以低价为敲定价格的美式看跌期权和以高价为敲定价格的美式看涨期权都要贵.其自由边界介于美式标准期权与美式交叉期权的自由边界之间.     

随机利率下连续型双生命可赎回反抵贷款精算定价模型研究

对含赎回权的住房反向抵押贷款的定价进行研究.运用美式看涨期权的定价思想,将固定利率随机化,离散计息连续化,给出随机利率下连续型双生命含赎回权的趸领、终身生存年金的精算定价模型.     

永久美式封顶看涨期权的自由边界问题模型

首先利用无套利原理和Ito公式导出永久美式封顶看涨期权的一种定价模型,随后解出其显式解,同时给出问题中的参数对期权价格单调影响的数学证明和金融解释,最后利用这些结果得出非永久美式封顶看涨期权价格的一些性质。     

具有不同借贷利率的Black-Scholes模型

在不同借贷利率以及股票的期望收益率、波动率和红利率都随时间变化(非随机)情形下,利用倒向随机微分方程及Feynman-Kac公式得到欧式看涨和看跌期权定价公式.由此可看出借贷利率各自对期权价格的影响,并得到欧式看涨和看跌期权的平价关系.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-