PP/HDPE/滑石粉复合材料微孔发泡实验研究

为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的微孔发泡性能,将PP与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混,提高其熔体强度;然后在PP/HDPE共混体系中加入少量滑石粉,研究滑石粉的用量对共混体系熔体强度及微孔发泡过程的影响。研究结果表明,滑石粉的加入使体系的熔体强度提高,发泡样品的泡孔结构变得更均匀。而且,随着滑石粉用量的增加,泡孔尺寸减小,泡孔密度增加。     

PP/HDPE共混物的黏弹性对泡孔结构的影响

将聚丙烯(PP)分别与两种高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混,并采用超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)作为发泡剂进行高压釜发泡,得到PP/HDPE发泡材料。同时考察了PP/HDPE熔体的黏弹性,并研究了其对PP/HDPE发泡材料泡孔结构的影响。结果表明:PP与黏弹性低于其本身的HDPE共混时,随着HDPE含量的增加,熔体的黏弹性逐渐减小,其中当HDPE含量为25%时,能够得到均匀细小的微孔结构;PP与黏弹性高于其本身的HDPE共混时,随着HDPE含量的增加,熔体的黏弹性逐渐增大,但所得PP/HDPE发泡材料的泡孔尺寸、孔隙率却不减反增,且泡孔结构完整。     

纳米CaCO_3对PP/HDPE共混体系微孔发泡过程的影响

聚丙烯(PP)是结晶性聚合物,熔体强度低,发泡性能差。为了提高PP的微孔发泡性能,本文首先将PP与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混,提高其熔体强度;然后在PP/HDPE共混体系中加入少量纳米CaCO3,研究CaCO3的含量对共混体系熔体强度及发泡材料泡孔结构的影响。研究结果表明,纳米CaCO3的加入使体系的熔体强度提高,且随着CaCO3含量的增加,泡孔尺寸减小,泡孔密度增加。然而,加入CaCO3以后,泡孔结构不是很规整,泡孔分布不均匀。     

不同聚丙烯材料共混的微孔发泡成型研究

聚丙烯(PP)熔体强度低,发泡性能差.将两种PP材料共混来改善PP的发泡性能,研究PP材料性质对共混体系微孔结构的影响.研究表明在各种发泡温度下使用纯PP材料很难制得泡孔结构好的微孔材料,而两种PP材料共混以后再进行微孔发泡,泡孔结构得到了改善.与两种相似熔点和黏度的PP共混材料相比,在高黏度的PP中混入少量的低熔点、低黏度PP时,可以制得泡孔结构更好的微孔材料.研究了共混比例对泡孔形态的影响,并从熔体黏弹性和结晶性能两方面分析了泡孔结构变化的机理.     

PP/HDPE/EPDM复合体系微孔发泡实验

聚丙烯(PP)是结晶性聚合物,熔体强度低,发泡性能差.为了提高PP的微孔发泡性能,首先将PP和聚乙烯(PE)共混,然后在PP/PE共混体系中加入少量EPDM,研究EPDM的质量含量对PP/PE共混体系熔体强度和最终泡孔结构的影响.分析机理,寻找能够提高PP熔体强度和改善发泡性能的材料.     

聚丙烯微孔发泡材料制备及改性进展

聚丙烯(PP)微孔发泡材料具有质轻、力学性能较高的特点,PP基体性质、发泡剂种类、发泡制备成型工艺、化学改性方法、共混及填充改性等方法均可以影响发泡材料的泡孔结构及发泡材料的性能。综述了PP微孔发泡材料的制备成型工艺、化学、共混、纳米、填充等改性方法研究进展,指出采用成本低廉、无毒的化学类发泡剂制备泡孔结构良好的PP微孔发泡材料将是今后研究的热点。PP的交联及接枝改性技术,与其它聚合物、填料共混技术是改善泡孔结构、提高泡沫材料发泡性能和力学性能的途径,研究改性材料与PP基体材料的界面相容性问题也是今后的研究方向。     

共混复合方式对PP/PP-g-MAH/MMT纳米复合微孔发泡材料力学性能及发泡质量的影响

采用双螺杆熔融共混法,以5种不同的共混复合方式制备聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/蒙脱土(PP/PP-g-MAH/MMT)纳米复合材料母粒.用化学发泡法注塑成型制备PP/PP-g-MAH/MMT纳米复合微孔发泡材料.探讨了不同共混复合方式对微孔发泡材料力学性能及发泡质量的影响.结果表明:不同的共混复合方式对纳米复合微孔发泡材料的力学性能和发泡质量均有影响.其中先将MMT和PP-g-MAH熔融共混,再与PP熔融共混制备的复合材料进行微孔发泡,其力学性能最优,发泡质量最好.     

LDPE共混改性PP的结晶行为及模压发泡效果

采用单螺杆挤出机制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混改性聚丙烯(PP)可发性粒料,并通过模压发泡工艺得到改性PP发泡材料;考察了发泡剂的热分解特性以及LDPE的含量对共混体系的熔融/结晶行为、晶体结构和发泡性能的影响。结果表明:与纯偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)相比,复合发泡剂的分解温度下降了45℃;LDPE的引入没有改变PP的晶型结构,但降低了共混体系的结晶度;当LDPE的含量为15%～20%时,LDPE/PP共混体系的发泡效果最佳。     

PP/PS/nano-clay超临界CO_2连续挤出发泡成型研究

以聚丙烯(PP)/聚苯乙烯(PS)/纳米黏土(nano-clay)为研究对象,采用单螺杆连续发泡挤出机系统进行发泡,并用扫描电镜观察了发泡样品的泡孔结构。通过比较泡孔形态、发泡膨胀率、泡孔密度、泡孔直径等分析了PP/PS/nano-clay共混物组分配比对泡孔结构的影响。结果表明,将PP与PS共混,可以改善PP的发泡性能;同时,nano-clay的加入进一步改善了共混体系的发泡性能。随着nano-clay用量的增加,泡孔平均直径减小,泡孔密度增加,当nano-clay用量为5%(质量分数)时,制得了泡孔密度达到2.16×108个/cm3的微孔泡孔塑料。     

非对称同向双螺杆挤出机加工PP/HDPE/POE共混复合材料的研究

首先分别采用两种不同的同向双螺杆挤出机(新型非对称同向双螺杆挤出机以及传统双螺杆挤出机),制备了聚丙烯/高密度聚乙烯(PP/HDPE)共混复合材料,通过试样力学性能以及微观结构形貌对其加工过程进行了表征。然后采用新型非对称同向双螺杆挤出机进一步制备出了PP/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)、PP/HDPE/POE共混复合材料,分析了HDPE及POE用量对复合材料力学性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了共混复合材料的表面微观结构形貌。结果表明:新型非对称同向双螺杆挤出机具备更好的分布、分散混合能力,所加工共混复合材料的分散相颗粒粒径分布更加集中,粒径也更小;HDPE和POE对PP有良好的协同增韧作用,当PP、HDPE、POE的质量比为68:17:15时,PP/HDPE/POE共混体系的综合性能最佳。     

Effect of the high‐density polyethylene melt index on the microcellular foaming of high‐density polyethylene/polypropylene blends

The effect of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/polypropylene (PP) blending on the crystallinity as a function of the HDPE melt index was studied. The melting temperature and total amount of crystallinity in the HDPE/PP blends were lower than those of the pure polymers, regardless of the blend composition and melt index. The effects of the melt index, blending, and foaming conditions (foaming temperature and foaming time) on the void fractions of HDPEs of various melt indices and HDPE/PP blends were also investigated. The void fraction was strongly dependent on the foaming time, foaming temperature, and blend composition as well as the melt index of HDPE. The void fraction of the foamed 30:70 HDPE/PP blend was always higher than that of the foamed 50:50 HDPE/PP blend, regardless of the melt index. The microcellular structure could be greatly improved with a suitable ratio of HDPE to PP and with foaming above the melting temperature for long enough; however, using high‐melt‐index HDPE in the HDPE/PP blends had a deleterious effect on both the void fraction and cell morphology of the blends. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 364–371, 2004     

Microcellular foam of polymer blends of HDPE/PP and their composites with wood fiber

In this study, the effects of batch processing conditions (foaming time and temperature) and blend composition as well as the effect of incorporating wood fiber into the blends on the crystallinity, sorption behavior of CO₂, void fraction, and cellular morphology of microcellular foamed high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/polypropylene (PP) blends and their composites with wood fiber were studied. Blending decreased the crystallinity of HDPE and PP and facilitated microcellular foam production in blend materials. The void fraction was strongly dependent on the processing conditions and on blend composition. Foamed samples with a high void fraction were not always microcellular. The addition of wood fiber inhibited microcellular foaming. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2842–2850, 2003     

CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCELLULAR FOAMED POLYOLEFIN BLEND COMPOSITES WITH WOOD FIBER

The effects of wood fiber content on the void fraction, cell morphology, and notched Izod impact strength of microcellular foamed HDPE/PP blend composites with wood fiber were studied. The influence of wood fiber content on the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption in the samples was also examined. Adsorption of carbon dioxide decreased with increased wood fiber content. Gas diffusion rates were faster as wood fiber content increased. The void fraction decreased dramatically when wood fiber was introduced in the blend. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was used to investigate the effects of wood fiber content on cell morphology. The 30:70 HDPE/PP polymer blend without wood fiber resulted in a high void fraction, with a uniform and well-developed microcellular structure, but when wood fiber was introduced, a uniform and well-developed microcellular structure could not be produced. The effects of foaming on Izod impact strength were dependent on wood fiber content.     

Influence of composition on the linear viscoelastic behavior and morphology of PP/HDPE blends

In this paper the influence of temperature and composition on the dynamic behavior and morphology of polypropylene (PP)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blends were studied. The blend composition ranged from 5 to 30 wt% of dispersed phase (HDPE) and the temperatures ranged from 180 to 220 °C. The interfacial tension between PP and HDPE at temperatures of 180, 200 and 220 °C was obtained from fitting Palierne's emulsion model [1] to the experimental data of PP/HDPE blends with different compositions and from the weighted relaxation spectra of PP/HDPE blends with different compositions, following Gramespacher and Meissner [2] analysis. The interfacial tension between PP and HDPE as inferred from the rheological measurements was shown to depend on PP/HDPE blend composition. However, the results indicated that there is a range of PP/HDPE blend composition for which interfacial tension between PP and HDPE is constant. Considering these values, it was shown that interfacial tension between PP and HDPE decreases linearly with increasing temperature.     

Relationship between cell morphology and impact strength of microcellular foamed high‐density polyethylene/polypropylene blends

Polymer blends, such as those resulting from recycling postconsumer plastics, often have poor mechanical properties. Microcellular foams have been shown to have the potential to improve properties, and permit higher‐value uses of mixed polymer streams. In this study, the effects of microcellular batch processing conditions (foaming time and temperature) and HDPE/PP blend compositions on the cell morphology (the average cell size and cell‐population density) and impact strength were studied. Optical microscopy was used to investigate the miscibility and crystalline morphology of the HDPE/PP blends. Pure HDPE and PP did not foam well at any processing conditions. Blending facilitated the formation of microcellular structures in polyolefins because of the poorly bonded interfaces of immiscible HDPE/PP blends, which favored cell nucleation. The experimental results indicated that well‐developed microcellular structures are produced in HDPE/PP blends at ratios of 50:50 and 30:70. The cell morphology had a strong relationship with the impact strength of foamed samples. Improvement in impact strength was associated with well‐developed microcellular morphology. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:1551–1560, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

纳米粒子/聚烯烃复合材料的结晶性能研究

报道了无机纳米粒子／聚烯烃复合材料的结晶性能研究。探索了有机成核剂苯甲酸纳、纳米二氧化钛、纳米碳酸钙对聚丙烯(PP)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)及其共混物的结晶形态影响，并用差示扫描量热计分析了PP，HDPE和HDPE／PP及其纳米复合材料的结晶性能。结果表明，HDPE／PP共混使HDPE的熔点(Tm)下降，PP的Tm保持不变；成核剂的加入均会使材料的Tm向低温侧移动且结晶度下降；无机纳米粒子对材料晶粒细化作用大大优于有机成核剂，纳米二氧化钛的晶粒细化作用最佳。     

高密度聚乙烯对改性聚丙烯共混体系力学性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备聚丙烯(PP)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/滑石粉(Tacl)/(高密度聚乙烯)HDPE共混材料。研究了HDPE对改性PP共混体系力学性能的影响及其原因。结果表明,在PP/EP-DM/Tacl/HDPE共混体系中,HDPE的添加量存在一个饱和值,在这一添加量的前后,韧性和刚性指标曲线有波峰或波谷;不同牌号的2种HDPE,熔融指数高者增韧效果好。     

Morphology and Properties of Polypropylene Foaming Sheet with Alternating Multilayered Structure

In this work, the foaming sheet was designed as alternating multilayered foam/film structure of foaming layers and film layers. The foaming layer contained polypropylene (PP)/high density polyethylene (HDPE)/Talc ternary composites. The film layer contained PP only. The rheological data showed that the melt elasticity of PP was obviously improved by the addition of HDPE and talc. The results exhibited that the alternating multilayered structure was well kept and hardly influenced by the foaming layers, and then the mechanical properties were obviously improved. The cell in the alternating multilayered sheet with 16 layers was smaller and more homogenous than that in pure PP foaming sheet.     

PP/LDPE化学交联发泡的研究

聚丙烯(PP)熔融黏度较低,发泡过程中气泡容易从熔体中溢出。在PP中加入低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和偶氮二异丙苯(DCP),提高PP交联度,从而大大提高PP的熔融黏度。研究了共混聚合物组分的种类和含量对PP交联度的影响。结果表明,在共混过程中,部分PP和LDPE分子在热作用下相互促进,产生了接枝交联;共混物比纯PP的泡孔结构优且发泡效果佳,当LDPE为70%,发泡剂为5%,DCP为0.36%时,PP的发泡效果最好。解决了PP发泡过程中出现的气孔塌陷现象。