二分支低中频相位分集FSK相干光纤通信实验系统

本文报道以1.5μm InGaAsP自聚焦棒(GRINROD)外腔半导体激光器作发送光源,光棚外腔半导体激光器作本振光源,用改进的90°光混合器作光混合器件的二分支相位分集FSK相干光纤通信系统的实验研究系统中,采用100 MHz正弦信号对自聚焦棒外腔半导体激光器进行直接注入电流调制,接收端用平衡混频器解调信号。实验结果表明,改进的90°光混合器可用于相干光纤通信系统中。     

相干光纤通信技术的进展

本文论述相干光纤通信比常规光纤通信的优点。接收端的检测方式有外差检测和零差检测两种,都比常规直接检测有较高的接收机灵敏度。发送端的数字调制方式有移频键控FSK、连续相位移频键控CPFSK,移相键控PSK、差分DPSK,它们的灵敏度和线宽要求各不相同。于是详细说明FSK和CPFSK外差系统的构成和性能。再说明相干通信对单频激光管相位噪声和线宽的要求,表示有必要使用分布反馈DFB结构。又说明双PIN的平衡混频器。其后,叙述实验系统码速-距离乘积的进展,目前的记录是400Mb/s-290km和2Gb/s200km。由于相干通信使邻路光频相隔很近,容许实现密集光载波FDM,理论上可达1000路。又简单提到相位分集接收和偏振分集接收,以改善系统性能。最后,扼要介绍相干光纤通信在市内网应用的设想。相干通信分强相干、中等相干、弱相干三类,现时应用大多是中等相干光纤通信,一俟光电子集成成功,定有广泛应用。     

光纤通信技术的最新进展

文章回顾了光纤通信系统的最新进展,介绍了副载波调制相干光正交频分复用(SCM-CO-OFDM)技术,简述了将低速信号提升到112Gbit/s高速信号的途径,最后概述了偏振复用/相干接收技术。     

1.3μm自聚焦棒外腔半导体激光器光混频的实验研究

本文采用1.3μm InGaAsP短自聚焦棒外腔半导体激光器作拍频及相干光传输实验。在多个波长点获得比较稳定的拍频信号;用拍频法测量了自聚焦棒外腔激光器单纵模线宽与注入电流的关系曲线。并进行了调制速率100MHz正弦信号相干FSK调制一解调实验。实验表明这类激光器可用于FSK调制的相干光纤通信系统。     

相干光通信系统中光束的偏振控制及控制算法研究

在相干光通信系统中,由于大气湍流的影响,信号光的偏振态具有不确定性,而光混频器对信号光和本振光的偏振态比较敏感。结合光混频器原理推导出信号光偏振态、中频信号和混频效率三者之间的关系,以中频信号幅值作为反馈控制信号光偏振态以提高混频效率,并设计一种适用于相干光通信系统的单粒子优化算法。实验结果表明,在闭环状态下,偏振控制系统中频信号的幅值快速增大,混频效率提升64%左右,中频信号幅值的波动方差减小为0.001,实现了相干光通信系统中的偏振控制。     

光纤传输系统偏振模色散对输出信号偏振度的影响

光纤通信系统的偏振模色散(PMD)是限制系统传输容量和距离的关键因素。系统输出信号的偏振度(DOP)反映了系统的偏振模色散。利用光纤通信系统的Jones矩阵模型，在理论上得到了系统的输出光脉冲Stokes矢量的表达式。在此基础上分析和计算了系统的输出脉冲的偏振度特性。结果表明，系统的输出信号的偏振度随入射脉冲偏振态的变化而变化，当入射脉冲偏振态与系统的主偏振态一致时，系统的输出信号的偏振度达到极大；同时，随着系统的偏振模色散幅度的增大而变小。系统的输出信号的偏振度还随着信号原始啁啾系数绝对值的增大而减小，但与啁啾系数的符号无关。     

空间分集相关信道中信号误比特率研究

系统的分集情况对系统的影响是很大的。这里我们研究了空间分集对系统性能的影响。本文推导了在空间分集的情况下非相干检测 FSK信号的误比特率 ,并利用了多径信道的衰落相关性模型 ,通过计算机模拟的方法具体研究了空间分集中天线的距离和散射体分布对的非相干检测 FSK信号误比特率的影响。     

新型全光纤交叉偏振光学相干层析成像系统

交叉偏振图像不但可以反映样品的偏振敏感结构信息,而且可以更好地反映出样品浅表层的微结构。因此利用光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)获取样品的交叉偏振图像越来越受到人们的关注。在前人的基础上,实现了一种基于单模光纤的新型全光纤交叉偏振光学相干层析成像系统(CP-OCT),该系统具有同时获得样品的交叉偏振信号和同向偏振信号的功能。详细介绍了CP-OCT系统信号的形成原理,并使用琼斯矩阵理论推导出交叉偏振信号和同向偏振信号的表达式。使用CP-OCT系统分别对玻璃片、中心波长为1310nm的λ/4波片及在体皮肤进行成像,从实验上验证了全光纤CP-OCT系统具有同时获取样品偏振敏感结构与偏振不敏感结构信息的能力。     

无线相干光通信空间分集接收合并技术

空间分集接收能补偿大气湍流造成的信道衰落。在给出相干检测分集接收的系统模型和晴朗大气信道模型的基础上,考虑子孔径间信号相关性,分析了等增益合并分集和最大比合并分集的误码率性能,并就中断概率与选择分集进行了比较。分析结果表明,空间分集接收能够明显改善相干光通信系统的性能,并且接收信号间的空间相关性越小分集接收的性能越好,其中最大比合并分集性能相对其他两种合并方式优势明显,选择分集性能最差,但它与等增益合并分集的差距不大,同时选择分集实现相对容易,在工程应用中要综合考虑实现的难易程度和性能。     

全光纤高速模拟信号偏振态测量系统的研究

全光纤高速偏振态测量,尤其是模拟信号的偏振态高速测量在光纤通信和光纤传感等领域中有着重要应用。在深入研究光电探测器放大电路的基础上,搭建了基于光纤偏振控制器(PC)、偏振分束器(PBS)以及模拟光电探测器的全光纤高速偏振态测量系统。用搭建的系统对0~50 MHz模拟信号的偏振态进行了测量,并与商用偏振分析仪进行了误差比较。实验表明,此偏振态测量系统可实现速率0~50 MHz模拟信号Stokes参量的准确测量,显示在邦加球上的测量误差半径在0.03以下,与商用偏振分析仪处于同一量级。系统重复性良好,且可测模拟信号的速率远超目前商用偏振分析仪,为许多待测光为模拟信号的光纤传感系统提供了有效的测量手段。     

Comparison of polarization handling methods in coherent opticalsystems

The authors compare three polarization handling methods in coherent optical systems. These methods are: endless polarization control, polarization diversity, and data-induced polarization switching. These methods are also compared with active, data-synchronous polarization switching. It is seen that endless polarization control is potentially the most powerful candidate, however, the choice of polarization control devices remain questionable. Polarization diversity is as versatile as polarization control and is potentially the fastest method; however, it yields lower receiver sensitivity. Endless control or a well-designed diversity receiver should be used for coherent trunk systems. Data-induced polarization switching is restricted to frequency-shift-keying (FSK) systems. It promises a loss span similar to that of diversity, but is far simpler, which makes it recommendable for FSK distribution systems     

风振对OPGW偏振态和通信的影响

光纤复合架空地线(OPGW)中光信号的偏振态会因风振而改变,进而导致系统性能的劣化。为了了解风振对OPGW偏振态的影响,通过实验模拟了在不同摆动情况下OPGW的偏振态变化,并基于所测试的数据分析了偏振态的变化规律和风振对相干光通信的影响,给出了相干光通信系统中所需要补偿算法的计算依据。实验结果表明:2种风振导致的信号光偏振态旋转速度分别达到700 r ad/s和7 kr ad/s,接收端需补偿该量级速度的偏振态变化。     

偏振复用QPSK相干光数字通信系统实验研究

建立了偏振复用正交相移键控(QPSK)传输及相干检测的数字通信实验系统,并分析系统的性能。40Gbit/s的偏振复用QPSK信号在单模光纤(SMF)中传输了100km;信号光与本振光在接收端进行混频并下变频,最后用数字信号处理(DSP)算法对接收信号离线处理。比较了光纤传输前后不同的光信噪比(OSNR)下的误码率(BER),实验结果表明,所使用的DSP算法能克服光纤信道对信号的主要损伤,对高速的相干检测信号进行有效的恢复。     

All-fiber phase-modulated master oscillator power amplifier forcoherent communication

An all-fiber phase-modulated master oscillator power amplifier for free-space coherent communication is presented. A distributed-feedback fiber laser at 1.06 μm is used as master oscillator. A novel phase modulator based on a ZnO-coated single-mode fiber modulates the single frequency communication signal. The modulated signal is then amplified in a double-clad doped fiber power amplifier. Up to 1 W cw single-frequency output power, phase modulated at 196 MHz, has been obtained     

Multilevel coherent optical system based on Stokes parametersmodulation

A multilevel transmission system that allows efficient exploitation of a single-channel bandwidth in coherent optical communication systems is proposed. It is based on Stokes parameter modulation and a decision on the Poincare sphere. The block scheme of the transmitter, which is able to provide a generic output state of polarization (SOP) starting from a linearly polarized optical field, is shown and described. The propagation along the fiber is described in order to derive the expression of the optical field at the receiver input. The spectral characteristics of the transmitted and the received optical signals are analyzed     

Channel Parameter Estimation for Polarization Diverse Coherent Receivers

A robust in-service estimation of fiber channel parameters from equalizer parameters of a polarization diverse coherent receiver is presented. The equations used for estimation are evolved from a theoretical fiber channel model. The theory is validated based on simulations and data from transmission experiments.     

Adaptive Receiver Structures for Fiber Communication Systems Employing Polarization-Division Multiplexing

Polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) is emerging as a promising technique for increasing data rates without increasing symbol rates. However, the distortion effects of the fiber transmission medium poses severe barriers for the implementation of this technological alternative. Especially, due to the fiber-induced polarization fluctuation orthogonally transmitted PDM signals are mixed at the receiver input. Therefore, a receiver compensation structure needs to be implemented to recover the original orthogonal transmitted components from their mixtures at the end of the fiber channel. This is in fact the focus of this article where a receiver algorithm is based on a recently proposed blind source separation scheme exploiting magnitude boundedness of digital communication signals. Through the use of this scheme, new receiver algorithms for recovering the original polarization signals in an adaptive manner are proposed. The key feature of these algorithms is that they can achieve high separation performance while maintaining the algorithmic complexity in a fairly low level that is suitable for implementation in optical fiber communication receivers. The performance of these algorithms are illustrated through some simulation examples.     

Coherent Digital Polarization Diversity Receiver for Real-Time Polarization-Multiplexed QPSK Transmission at 2.8 Gb/s

This letter presents a coherent digital polarization diversity receiver for real-time polarization-multiplexed synchronous quadrature phase-shift keying transmission with distributed feedback lasers at a data rate of 2.8 Gb/s. The tolerance against fast polarization changes and polarization-dependent loss is evaluated for different filter widths in the carrier recovery circuit. The minimum achieved bit-error rate is 3.4 times 10^-7.     

Evaluation of Sensitivity of the Digital Coherent Receiver

In this paper, we investigate the sensitivity of the digital coherent receiver both theoretically and experimentally. The receiver sensitivity close to the shot-noise limit is demonstrated in the 10-Gbit/s binary phase-shift keying system with the help of a low-noise optical preamplifier. We also introduce polarization diversity into our receiver. Maximal-ratio polarization combining in the digital domain makes the receiver sensitivity independent of the state of polarization of the incoming signal without power penalty.