脉冲振荡法在215例哮喘儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用价值

目的 探讨脉冲振荡法(IOS)在哮喘儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用价值.方法 选取215例哮喘发作期患儿,测定最大呼气流量-容积(MEFV)和IOS肺功能,并进行支气管舒张试验,以第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)为金标准,分别计算IOS参数:气道总阻抗(Zrs)、振荡频率5 Hz时气道黏性阻力(R5)、电抗(X5)在不同改善水平时其对诊断的敏感度和特异度,计算两种肺功能参数间的回归方程.结果 两种肺功能主要参数的改善率显著相关(P＜0.001).其中以X5与FEV1的相关性最好,Zrs、R5次之.用FEV1≥15%作标准,IOS各参数中以Zrs、R5下降:≥20%,X5≥30%作为判断舒张试验阳性标准时有较高的敏感度和特异度,与回归方程结果一致.结论 用IOS主要参数作为判断支气管舒张试验阳性标准时,当Zrs、R5下降:≥20%,X5≥30%时,可考虑支气管舒张试验阳性.因此,IOS用于支气管舒张试验是诊断、鉴别诊断支气管哮喘及观察药物疗效的有用工具.     

脉冲振荡法在哮喘儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用

目的:观察脉冲振荡(IOS)检测与肺通气功能检测在哮喘儿童支气管舒张试验中相关性,探讨IOS检测的临床应用价值。方法:对285例哮喘患儿进行肺通气功能和IOS检测及支气管舒张试验,并对两种检测方法各指标进行相关分析。结果:支气管舒张试验后Zrs、R5、R20、R5-R20、X5、Fres均有显著的下降,而FEV1、PEF、FEF25%、PEF50%、FEF75%、MMEF有明显的升高。两种检测方法支气管舒张试验后的改善率呈正相关,IOS检测中Zrs、R5改善率与常规肺通气功能改善率相关性最高。结论:IOS检测与常规肺通气功能检测有较好的相关性,是可接受的测定气道可逆性的方法之一,其操作简单,对受试者配合程度要求较低,是学龄前儿童进行气道可逆性检测的最佳选择。     

COPD及支气管哮喘患者支气管舒张试验前后气道阻力变化的对比研究

目的探讨COPD和支气管哮喘患者在支气管舒张试验测定前后气道阻力的变化规律及应用价值。方法用脉冲振荡法(IOS)测定不同严重程度的61例COPD患者、42例哮喘患者支气管舒张试验前后的气道阻力,以21例健康人作为对照,分析两种疾病不同的气道阻力特征及变化情况。结果 COPD和哮喘支气管患者在舒张试验前除X5外各项气道阻力指标均明显高于健康人(P0.05);轻度哮喘患者与中重度患者比较除X5、Rc外各阻力指标均有明显差异(P0.05);中度及重度COPD与轻度比较仅有Z5、Fres、Rp有明显差异(P0.05),重度与中度间各气道阻力指标未见明显差异(P0.05)。COPD及哮喘支气管舒张试验前后比较除X5外其他各项指标均有明显差异(P0.05),Z5、Fres、R5、Rp指标变异率均明显高于FEV1%pred(P0.05),哮喘组中差异较COPD更为明显(P0.05)。Z5、Fres、R5、Rp在COPD及哮喘均与FEV1%pred呈显著负相关(P0.01),两组均以Fres相关性最好(r值分别为-0.561、-0.761)。结论 IOS法测定气道阻力是判断COPD及哮喘气流阻塞的敏感指标,通过测定支气管舒张试验前后气道阻力对早期诊断COPD和哮喘及其鉴别诊断有重要应用价值。     

脉冲振荡技术在支气管哮喘诊断中的临床应用

目的 探讨脉冲振荡技术(IOS)测定呼吸阻抗诊断支气管哮喘的价值.方法 对86例支气管哮喘患者(哮喘组)和70例健康者(对照组)进行IOS及常规肺通气功能测定,比较两组患者的呼吸阻抗指标,并与常规肺通气功能指标进行相关性分析.结果 哮喘组IOS指标共振频率(Fres)、呼吸总抗阻(Zrs)、5Hz黏性阻力(R5)、20Hz黏性阻力(R20)、5Hz和20Hz黏性阻力差(R5-R20)、中心阻力(Rc)、周边阻力(Rp)均明显高于对照组,X5明显低于对照组.哮喘组Fres、Zrs、R5、R5-R20、Rp与常规肺通气指标第1秒用力呼气量/1秒用力呼气量预计值的百分比(FEV1%)、1秒用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)、用力呼气50%肺活量瞬间流量(FEF50%)、用力呼气75%肺活量瞬间流量(FEF75%)呈显著负相关,其中Fres与FEV1%和FEV1/FVC相关性最密切(r=-0.642、-0.590,P＜0.01);X5与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC%呈显著正相关, R20、Rc 与常规肺功能指标无相关性.结论 IOS可用于支气管哮喘的病情判断,是一种无创、简便、实用的方法,值得临床推广应用.Fres是IOS参数中诊断哮喘气流阻塞最敏感的指标.     

脉冲振荡法在支气管激发试验中的应用价值

目的探讨脉冲振荡(IOS)法在气道反应性测定中的价值,研究IOS法对支气管哮喘诊断有意义的参数。方法选取2012年3—10月于北京友谊医院及北京房山区良乡医院门诊部就诊的符合纳入与排除标准的患者52例。采用IOS法及肺通气功能法进行支气管激发试验。根据支气管激发试验结果,分为阳性组23例,阴性组29例。将试验前后IOS与肺通气功能各参数进行比较,分析IOS与肺通气功能各参数的相关性,建立回归方程,分析IOS法在支气管激发试验中有诊断意义的参数;同时对患者进行随访,根据随访结果将患者分为哮喘组与非哮喘组,使用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)研究IOS法对支气管哮喘诊断有意义的参数,比较IOS法与肺通气功能法诊断支气管哮喘的检出率。结果试验后,阴性组呼吸道总黏性阻力(R5)、外周气道黏性阻力(R5-20)、5 Hz频率时的周边惯性阻力(X5)、共振频率(Fres)、低频电抗面积(Alx)、第1秒用力呼气末容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气末容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%Pred)、第1秒用力呼气末容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)、峰流速(PEF)、最大呼气中期流速(MMEF)与阳性组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组试验后R5、R5-20、X5、Fres、Alx、FEV1、FEV1%Pred、FEV1/FVC、PEF、MMEF分别与试验前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验前,R5、中心气道黏性阻力(R20)、R5-20、Fres、Alx均与用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1、MMEF呈负相关,X5与FVC、FEV1、PEF呈正相关(P<0.05)。试验后R5、R20、R5-20、Fres、Alx均与FVC、FEV1、FEV1%Pred、FEV1/FVC、PEF、MMEF呈负相关,X5与FVC、FEV1、FEV1%Pred、FEV1/FVC、PEF、MMEF呈正相关(P<0.05)。试验结束时,R5、X5、Alx变化倍数与FEV1变化率呈正相关(P<0.05)。回归分析显示,X5、呼气相X5(e X5)与肺通气功能法行支气管激发试验的结果有回归关系。R5、X5、Fres、Alx、FEV1、PEF、MMEF诊断支气管哮喘的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.902〔95%CI(0.798,1.000)〕、0.905〔95%CI(0.810,1.000)〕、0.795〔95%CI(0.626,0.965)〕、0.902〔95%CI(0.802,1.000)〕、0.883〔95%CI(0.748,1.000)〕、0.758〔95%CI(0.576,0.939)〕、0.754〔95%CI(0.567,0.940)〕。两种方法的阳性率分别为61.5%、44.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.258,P<0.05)。两种方法阳性率的吻合度差异有统计学意义(κ=0.438,P<0.05)。随访时间18个月时,IOS法诊断支气管哮喘的检出率高于常规肺通气功能法(P<0.05)。结论采用IOS法进行支气管激发试验,可以对气道反应性增高的诊断提供帮助。在支气管激发试验中,参数X5、e X5的诊断意义最大,R5、X5、Alx对支气管哮喘诊断有较高的准确性;IOS法可以提高诊断支气管哮喘的灵敏度,并可对其早期诊断提供帮助。     

探讨对学龄前期儿童支气管哮喘进行肺功能脉冲振荡法测定的临床意义

目的研究对学龄前期儿童支气管哮喘进行肺功能脉冲振荡法测定的临床效果。方法选取我院学龄前期支气管哮喘儿童35例,应用脉冲振荡法对学龄前支气管哮喘儿童进行肺功能检测,同时与IOS与常规肺功能测定主要指标FEV1进行比较,并对IOS中的各参数进行比较。结果 IOS与常规肺功能测定主要指标FEV1相比,ZRS和X5的值差异较大,异常率较高,具有显著性差异(P0.05),在IOS的各个参数中发现X5的敏感性最强(P0.05)。结论脉冲振荡法对学龄前期儿童哮喘肺功能的测定具有临床意义,值得在临床上推广和应用。     

COPD患者IOS测定的阻力指标与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC相关性分析

目的对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者IOS测定的阻力指标与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC相关性进行分析.方法对100例COPD缓解期患者肺功能进行前瞻性分析研究.结果COPD患者1OS测定反映气道阻力参数指标Zrs、Fres、R5、X5、R5-R20与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC呈显著相关(P＜0.01),相关性为Fres＞R5-R20＞X5＞R5＞Zrs.R20与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC无显著相关.结论Fres、R5-R20可作为评定COPD患者气流阻塞及阻塞程度分级的指标.     

脉冲振荡(IOS)法测定呼吸阻抗在支气管舒张试验中的应用

支气管舒张试验作为诊断、鉴别诊断支气管哮喘及指导用药的方法已被临床广泛应用，目前，临床常用扩张试验前、后FEV1变化率作为判断结果的金标准。而近年研究表明，呼吸阻抗是判断支气管哮喘气道阻塞的敏感指标。为此，我们用脉冲振荡法（IOS）检测了257例哮喘发作期患者吸入沙丁胺醇前后呼吸阻抗和通气功能变化，以探讨脉冲振荡技术在支气管舒张试验中的应用。     

脉冲震荡法与常规通气在支气管激发试验中的对比研究

目的：探讨用脉冲震荡法(Impulse Oscilbmetry IOS)测定呼吸阻力在支气管激发试验中的诊断价值。方法：对72例门诊及住院就诊有自觉症状，临床怀疑为支气管哮喘而不能确诊的患者进行支气管激发试验，用IOS测定5～35赫兹震荡频率时的粘性阻力(R5-R35)，5赫兹时的周边弹性阻力(X5)，共振频率(Fres)，阻抗(Zre)，与常规通气一秒量(FEV1)，呼气峰流速值(PEF)，1秒率(FEV1／FVC％)进行对比研究。结果：支气管激发试验阳性组患者FEV1比试验前FEV1基础值降低20％的同时呼吸阻力明显增加，且阻力增加较FEV1下降出现早，部分支气管激发试验通气功能阴性的患者而阻力增加。结论：脉冲震荡法为一种新型肺功能测定方法，用于支气管激发试验可大大减少以往常规通气测定中的不足，对支气管激发试验阴性的患者在鉴别诊断上增加了新的内容。     

阻断技术测定气道阻力在儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用研究

目的:探讨阻断技术测定气道阻力在儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用价值。方法:分别测定47例6~13岁支气管哮喘儿童在吸入支气管扩张剂前、后FEV1值和Rint值,以FEV1为对照组,Rint为观察组,进行支气管舒张试验阳性符合率比较。结果:47例支气管舒张试验中,评价指标Rint值和FEV1值均(+)14例,均(—)4例;Rint值(+)、FEV1值(—)的20例;FEV1值(+)、Rint值(—)的9例,经2χ检验比较两种指标,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.167,P<0.05),Rint组优于FEV1组。结论:阻断技术测定气道阻力可以作为低龄儿童支气管舒张试验中的评价指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.