TiO_2改性PVDF/PMMA复合薄膜的制备及其性能

以二氧化钛(TiO2)为填料,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为基体,通过熔融共混制备PVDF/PMMA/TiO2复合薄膜,采用扫描电子显微镜、紫外/可见分光光度计、差示扫描量热仪和力学性能测试等方法表征了其各种性能。研究表明,PVDF与PMMA有良好的相容性,TiO2可以均匀的分散在基体中;TiO2的加入对材料的力学性能产生一定的影响,同时通过剥离实验对PVDF/PMMA/TiO2复合薄膜的粘结性能进行了表征。     

TiO2/SrTiO3光子晶体薄膜的制备及光电催化性能

以单分散聚苯乙烯(PS)微球在FTO导电玻璃表面自组装形成的蛋白石(Opal)结构为模板,使用溶胶-凝胶法进行TiO2前驱体的填充,退火后制备出反蛋白石结构的TiO2光子晶体薄膜。进一步通过水热反应将部分TiO2反应生成SrTiO3从而形成TiO2/SrTiO3异质结。通过多种手段技术表征了所制备材料和结构的晶型,形貌及其光电化学性能。研究结果表明,SrTiO3的负载量和晶粒大小可以通过水热反应时间调控。在经过0.5h的水热反应后,SrTiO3的负载量为9.6%,TiO2/SrTiO3薄膜保持了原有的光子晶体结构,且光电流增大了82%。TiO2/SrTiO3异质结构的形成能有效地促进光生载流子的分离,提高光电催化性能。     

离心法制备高质量三维胶体晶体的研究

采用无皂乳液聚合合成了单分散的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)球形颗粒,运用离心法制备出高度有序的三维胶体晶体。实验分别考察了粒子种类和转速等因素对胶体晶体结构的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行形貌表征分析。结果表明:离心法能制备出大尺寸三维胶体晶体(约1.5cm2×0.4cm),颗粒呈现面心立方堆积,周期短,制备的晶体硬度大。在相同实验条件下,SiO2组装耗时较PMMA短。制备高质量胶体晶体存在最佳转速,对于230nm的PMMA胶体悬浮液,在2000r/min时,得到的胶体晶体质量最高。     

三维有序纳米光子晶体的缺陷及其形成机理

通过纳米小球自组装的方法制备获得了三维有序结构的聚苯乙烯（PS）蛋白石光子晶体.利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对蛋白石光子晶体的微观形貌进行表征,并利用透射光谱对蛋白石进行光学表征.结果表明,胶体自组装能够形成点缺陷、等边三角线缺陷和等边立方体缺陷,通过对最低能量和机理的探讨,得出导致这些缺陷形成的原因是折射率差异和光子带隙（PBG）位置的蓝移.     

快速磁致显色光子晶体膜的制备与性能

采用热聚合的方法制备内嵌有Fe_3O_4@PAA磁性光子晶体纳米链和乙二醇(EG)液滴的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)光子晶体膜,采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、光学显微镜和光纤光谱仪对产物进行表征和性能分析。结果表明:液滴中光子晶体链能够沿磁场方向自由取向,赋予光子晶体膜结构色亮度可调的特性;光学性能测试结果表明,当磁性光子晶体纳米链链长为5μm,质量浓度为1.77 mg/mL时,制备的光子晶体膜在100 Gs下表现出最优的光学性能,且在2s内光子晶体膜的反射强度基本达到稳定,表现出快速磁致显色的特性。     

光子晶体

光子晶体是20世纪80年代末提出的新概念和新材料,光子晶体中存在着光子能隙,正是由于这种光子能隙的出现,产生许多新的物理现象,这种新的物理现象具有重大的理论价值,简单介绍光子晶体的概念和特征,光子晶体的制备方法和理论研究方法,最后简单给出光子晶体的应用。     

近红外光学带隙硅三维光子晶体的制备

用溶剂蒸发法将单分散SiO2微球组装成三维有序结构的胶体晶体模板,用低压化学气相沉积法填充高折射率材料硅,酸洗去除SiO2模板,获得了硅反蛋白石三维光子晶体.通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外-可见-近红外光谱仪对硅反蛋白石三维光子晶体的形貌、成分、结构和光学性能进行了表征.研究结果表明:Si在SiO2微球空隙内具有较高的结晶质量,填充致密均匀;通过控制沉积条件,可控制硅的填充率;制备的硅反蛋白三维光子晶体在近红外区(1.4μm左右)具有明显的光学反射峰,表现出光学带隙效应,测试的光学性能与理论计算基本吻合.     

多彩结构色‒柔性光子晶体材料与应用

目的 对柔性光子晶体的性质进行介绍,并对其主流的制备方法进行阐述,总结近几年来柔性光子晶体材料在包装印刷领域的应用。方法 介绍柔性光子晶体材料的主流制备方法,包括胶体粒子自组装法以及纳米压印光刻法;其次根据光子晶体材料的结构色可调性,介绍柔性光子晶体材料在包装印刷领域主要应用和研究价值。结论 目前柔性光子晶体在包装印刷方面的应用主要在于纺织、防伪、体育与健康等方面。柔性光子晶体在绿色印刷和包装领域具有重大潜力,可进一步深度研究拓宽其日常生活领域化应用,进一步推动包装印刷行业的绿色发展。     

二氧化钛光子晶体的制备及其光学性能的研究

以PS胶体晶体为模板,用溶胶-凝胶法制备高填充率的二氧化钛反蛋白石结构的光子晶体薄膜.通过SEM、XRD、光纤光谱仪和紫外分光光度计对薄膜的表面形貌、成分组成和光学性能进行了研究,证实了该薄膜的光子晶体结构和优良的光学性能.     

光子晶体的研究进展

从20世纪80年代末提出光子晶体的概念以来,由于光子晶体独特的调节光子运动状态的特性,使其在许多领域有着广泛的用途.系统叙述了光子晶体的产生、结构、制备和应用,介绍了ZnO光子晶体的最新研究进展.     

Photonic band gap in 1D multilayers made by alternating SiO2 or PMMA with MoS2 or WS2 monolayers

Atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) are very interesting two dimensional materials for optics and electronics. In this work we show the possibility to obtain one-dimensional photonic crystals consisting of low-cost and easy processable materials, as silicon dioxide (SiO₂) or poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), and of MoS₂ or WS₂ monolayers. We have simulated the transmission spectra of the photonic crystals using the transfer matrix method and employing the wavelength dependent refractive indexes of the materials. This study envisages the experimental fabrication of these new types of photonic crystals for photonic and light emission applications.     

一维光子晶体的带隙特性研究

一维光子晶体是指介质只在一个方向成周期性排列的材料。利用薄膜光学的特征矩阵法研究了一维光子晶体的禁带特性,分析了填充率变化、厚度的随机扰动对光子带隙的影响。结果表明,随着填充率的变化,各能级的带隙率变化,并且存在一个极大值;厚度的随机扰动对光子带隙也有一定的影响,随机度不同,对光子带隙的影响也不一样。本研究对一维光子晶体的设计与制备有一定的参考价值。     

Preparation of P(St-NMA) microsphere inks and their application in photonic crystal patterns with brilliant structural colors

Patterned photonic crystals with structural colors on textile substrates have attracted a special attention due to the great advantages in application, which currently become a research hot-spot. This study utilized an ink-jet printing technology to prepare high-quality photonic crystal patterns with structural colors on polyester substrates. The self-assembly temperature of poly(styrene-N-methylol acrylamide) (P(St-NMA)) microspheres set to construct photonic crystals were deeply optimized. Moreover, the structural colors of prepared photonic crystal patterns were characterized and evaluated. When the mass fraction of P(St-NMA) microspheres was 1.0 wt.%, the pH value ranged from 5 to 7, and the surface tension was in the range of 63.79 to 71.20 mN/m, inks could present the best print performance. At 60 °C, prepared P(St-NMA) microsphere inks were good for printing to obtain patterned photonic crystals with regular arrangement and beautiful structural colors. Specifically, photonic crystals with different colors could be constructed by regulating the diameter of microspheres in inks, and prepared structural colors exhibited distinct iridescent phenomenon. The present results could provide a theoretical basis for the industrial realization of patterned photonic crystals by ink-jet printing technology.     

One dimensional disordered photonic structures characterized by uniform distributions of clusters

We investigated one dimensional disordered photonic structures by grouping high refractive index layers in clusters, randomly distributed within layers of low refractive index. We control the maximum size of the high refractive layer clusters and the ratio of the high–low refractive index layers, which we call the dilution of the system. By studying the total transmission of the disordered structure within the photonic band gap of the ordered structure as a function of the maximum cluster size, we observe a dip of the total transmission for a specific maximum cluster size. This value increases with increasing dilution. Moreover, within one dilution we observe oscillations of the total transmission with increasing cluster size.     

聚合物凝胶光子晶体及其对物理环境的响应

文中简要介绍了物理响应性光子晶体的国内外研究动态。重点介绍以下几种物理响应性光子晶体:温度响应性光子晶体,溶剂响应性光子晶体,电场响应性光子晶体,磁场响应性光子晶体,机械力响应性光子晶体等。     

带隙可调光子晶体的研究进展

介绍了近几年带隙可调光子晶体的研究进展。带隙调节的机制主要有改变晶体材料的平均折射率和改变晶体的结构参数两种。综述了通过电场调制、磁场调制、压力调制、光照调制、温度调制和复合调制等实现带隙实时可调的研究进展,提出了目前存在的问题及研究方向。     

Planar waveguide photonic crystals as an alternative for refractive index optical sensors design: theoretical evaluation

In this paper, the possibilities of designing refraction index optical sensors in planar waveguide photonic crystals are demonstrated for the first time. Photonic crystals obtained by connecting in cascade planar optical waveguides with high index contrast are analyzed. Photonic band gaps (PBGs) and photonic windows (PWs) were obtained. If a local defect is introduced in the PBG structure, the optical path length is modified and on states can be created in the gap. Besides, the on states wavelengths can be tuned if the optical path of the defect is modified: changing the physical length and/or the refraction index of the defect. In this way, planar waveguide photonic crystals could be used for sensing applications when a specimen modifies the refraction index lattice site. Sensing properties of planar waveguide photonic crystals, with one, two and three sensing channels, are demonstrated.     

Optical properties of graphene based annular photonic crystals

The optical properties of a graphene based annular photonic crystal (APC) are theoretically investigated. The proposed structure is a hollow core cylindrical shell consists of the alternate dielectric layer and graphene monolayer immersed in free space. In order to study the photonic band structures of the APC, we obtained the optical spectra of the graphene based APC by employing the transfer matrix method in the cylindrical waves for both TE and TM polarizations. In this work we study the effect of different geometrical and optical parameters of the structure on the low loss high reflectance graphene induced band gap. It is found that the graphene induced band gap which appeared in the frequency below 10 THz is polarization independent and remains almost invariant with the change in the period number, the radius of the inner core region and the refractive indices of the inner core region and the surrounding medium. However, its width increases by increasing the azimuthal mode number and the chemical potential of the graphene monolayers and decreases by increasing the refractive index and the thickness of the dielectric layers.     

Cryptic iridescence in a fossil weevil generated by single diamond photonic crystals

Nature''s most spectacular colours originate in integumentary tissue architectures that scatter light via nanoscale modulations of the refractive index. The most intricate biophotonic nanostructures are three-dimensional crystals with opal, single diamond or single gyroid lattices. Despite intense interest in their optical and structural properties, the evolution of such nanostructures is poorly understood, due in part to a lack of data from the fossil record. Here, we report preservation of single diamond (Fd-3m) three-dimensional photonic crystals in scales of a 735 000 year old specimen of the brown Nearctic weevil Hypera diversipunctata from Gold Run, Canada, and in extant conspecifics. The preserved red to green structural colours exhibit near-field brilliancy yet are inconspicuous from afar; they most likely had cryptic functions in substrate matching. The discovery of pristine fossil examples indicates that the fossil record is likely to yield further data on the evolution of three-dimensional photonic nanostructures and their biological functions.     

NaGd(WO4)2:Yb3+/Tm3+反蛋白石光子晶体的制备与上转换发光调制研究

三维光子晶体具有长程有序的结构特点, 在可见和近红外光谱范围内有着广泛的应用。光子晶体的一个重要性质是其对嵌入其中的发光中心自发辐射具有调制作用。本研究利用自组装和模板辅助法制备高质量的三维NaGd(WO₄)₂:Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺反蛋白石光子晶体, 探究了光子带隙对Tm³⁺离子上转换荧光发射与发光动力学的调制作用。通过对比分析发现, 由于反蛋白石光子晶体独特的周期性大孔结构和光子带隙效应, 处于光子带隙内的Tm³⁺离子¹G₄-³H₆的发光强度被抑制约45%, 自发辐射速率(SDR)被抑制约30%, 同时上转换局域热效应得到有效的调制。本实验结果对探索新型高效稀土掺杂上转换发光材料和提高上转换发光效率有指导意义。