喷流诱导通风系统数值模拟的模型选择

数值模拟采用的模型对计算结果有较大影响,本文利用LVEL紊流模型、标准k-ε模型和RNGk-ε模型等三种模型对喷流诱导通风系统进行了数值模拟,并与实测数据进行了比较,得到了各模型的一些应用特点。     

单坑道油料洞库火灾燃烧过程模型实验及烟气流动二维数值模拟

本文对单坑道油料洞库火灾燃烧过程进行了模型实验,观察了燃烧过程分区现象,实测了燃烧过程中烟气流动的温度分布.在实验测量的基础上,建立了二维烟气流动数值模型及控制方程组,并进行了数值计算.数值计算的结果与实验基本吻合.     

湿工况下翅片管式换热器中刘易斯因子的数值研究

刘易斯因子是反映湿工况下空气侧热质传递特性的重要参数。在此提出了可计算湿工况下翅片侧刘易斯因子的数值模型和适用于工程应用的关联式,通过建立相间传质数值模型、潜热传递数值模型,利用CFD分别计算出空气侧的热质传递系数,从而求得刘易斯因子的数值解。利用数值仿真方法分析了翅片管换热器结构和运行工况对刘易斯因子的影响和已有热质传递类比关系的适用性;同时采用刘易斯因子的数值计算结果拟合得到关联式。传热和传质数值计算结果和实验的相对误差分别为6.93%和12.1%;关联式与数值模型之间的相对误差为5.52%。该数值模型有足够的精度与适用面,所得关联式可代替数值模型。     

地震碰撞分析中接触单元模型的精细积分解法

地震碰撞数值分析是结构抗震研究的重要内容,本文将精细积分法引入到地震碰撞数值分析中。结合5种常用接触单元模型的特点,将碰撞力计算式表达成统一的形式,推导了碰撞阶段的精细积分公式。将地震碰撞过程划分为碰撞阶段和非碰撞阶段,对不同的阶段采用不同的积分步长,并且提出一种基于线性加速度假定的碰撞时刻搜索法。用两小球自由弹性碰撞模型对精细积分法程序进行验证。并采用本文方法对Chau振动台碰撞试验进行了数值仿真。结论为：本文数值分析方法既保证了模拟地震碰撞的精度又具有较高的计算效率;在地震碰撞分析中应合理选择接触单元模型和模型参数;对于近似弹性碰撞情况Hertz模型和Hertz-damp模型数值仿真结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

基于滞变阻尼模型的时域计算方法

复阻尼时域运动方程的自由振动解中包含发散项,导致时域数值计算结果不能稳定收敛。在复阻尼模型的频域运动方程基础上可得到滞变阻尼模型的时域运动方程。针对滞变阻尼模型的特点,依据复平面法和地震加速度的三角级数表达式,该文提出了滞变阻尼模型的时域理论计算方法;假定时间步长内结构的振动响应为简谐振动响应,同时借助于常平均加速度法,提出了滞变阻尼模型的时域数值计算方法。算例分析表明,与复阻尼模型的时域数值计算方法相比,滞变阻尼模型的时域理论计算方法和时域数值计算方法可有效避免时域发散现象;滞变阻尼模型的时域理论计算结果和时域数值计算结果与复阻尼模型的频域计算结果近似相等,进一步证明了该文方法的正确性。     

高层建筑周围定常风场的数值模拟

通过对高层建筑周围定常风场的数值模拟与原型试验结果的比较，分析了在进行数值模拟时，入口边界条件和湍流模型等因素对计算结果的影响。模拟结果表明，入口边界条件和湍流模型均对模拟结果具有较大影响。其中，入口边界条件中速度分布对计算结果的影响大于湍流强度分布对计算结果的影响，而RNGk-s湍流模型的计算精度优于标准κ-ε湍流模型。     

石墨烯薄膜热声性能的三维数值计算与测试

对石墨烯薄膜进行电-热-声耦合的三维建模计算,并将计算结果与实验测试值进行对比分析。首先建立了通电石墨烯薄膜焦耳热的三维模型,计算出石墨烯薄膜表面的温度振荡和稳态温度分布;在此基础上,建立了热黏性声学和压力声学耦合的声扩散模型,计算出空间中声压的分布;分析了基底和空气参数对石墨烯薄膜发声的影响;最后对通电石墨烯薄膜进行温度测试和声压测试。结果表明：三维模型数值计算的温度分布与测试结果吻合良好,数值计算的声压值比一维近似解析解更接近实验值,验证了数值计算方法的有效性。三维模型的数值计算方法在复杂边界条件下分析薄膜的声学性能更具优势。     

Pb-GF挤压包覆间隙的数值计算及实验研究

铅包覆玻璃纤维属于塑性材料包覆脆性材料,包覆条件是建立在玻璃纤维不发生变形的情况下,为此,入丝模芯顶端与挤压模口之间的间隙即包覆间隙的优化选择是成形工艺的关键问题.本文采用上限法对包覆挤压过程建立了数值模型,从能量的角度对包覆挤压过程进行了数值计算,将包覆间隙作为一变量引入功的表达武中,并通过数值计算软件给出了数值解,得出包覆间隙的最佳理论值.通过大量的实验证明了数值计算结果与实验结果基本吻合.运用本文结果可以确定不同规格的复合丝材成形时包覆间隙的大小,指导模具设计和工艺参数确定,具有工程意义.     

光滑帽子动态本构模型验证及应用研究

通过弹丸侵彻模型试验及数值方法论证光滑帽子模型可较好模拟一定范围内冲击荷载作用下土体动态力学响应。在此基础上分析不同本构模型、数值算法对计算结果影响。分析表明,光滑帽子模型能克服在较的静水压力及低速下数值计算不稳定,与土壤、泡沫模型及Drucker-Prager模型相比,基本上能反映土体力学性能,计算结果更合理;用MM-ALE算法模拟弹丸侵彻试验能克服网格畸变所致数值计算困难,计算精度能得到保证,计算结果与事实相符。该结果对研究武器触地侵彻过程中弹头强度、刚度、炸药安定性及战斗部入地后的爆炸破坏效应具有重要意义。     

破冰船在冰层中连续破冰过程的数值模拟

介绍了一种用于模拟破冰船在冰层中连续破冰的冰材料数值模型。通过与冰锥受压实验数据进行对比,对该数值模型进行了验证。将该模型应用于破冰船在无限冰区与冰层碰撞的数值模拟,对破冰船的破冰阻力进行了计算,并将不同船首、不同冰层厚度下计算所得的破冰阻力与经验公式计算结果进行了对比。     

卧式陈列柜风幕的数值模拟

本文以卧式陈列柜为研究对象，在一些基本假设的基础上，建立了卧式陈列柜风幕及柜内空气流动和换热的二维数学模型；并运用SIMPLER算法编写程序进行了数值计算，计算过程中重点考虑了风幕送风速度和环境空气温度对风幕性能的影响。     

基于UG的平面尺寸链的计算机辅助飞机公差设计

随着CAD 技术的普及,飞机三维外型计算机辅助设计基本实现数字化,但目前飞机公差设计尚未实现计算机辅助设计。公差设计仍然需要大量手工计算,导致飞机公差设计与产品总体设计不协调,制约飞机数字化设计、制造技术的发展。探讨如何以现有CAD 三维造型系统为技术平台,开发计算机辅助飞机公差设计模块,实现平面尺寸链的飞机公差分析和分配的计算机辅助设计。给出在UG 平台上实现计算机辅助飞机公差设计模块的开发方案,并有利用该模块进行飞机装配件公差设计的运行实例。     

Correcting erroneous crash locations in transportation safety analysis

Errors and inconsistencies in crash location records are realistic problems that often compromise accuracy of safety model outcomes. This paper proposes a new safety analysis framework where an optimal network design module that estimates the most-probable site for each crash is combined with the standard regression analysis. An effective solution algorithm based on Lagrangian relaxation is developed for the network design model, and an iterative computation approach is proposed for location estimation and statistical regression. The proposed models are implemented with empirical data and numerical results are presented.     

模拟纤维增强复合材料的相似子域边界元法

根据夹杂相积分区域的相似性,提出了相似子域边界元法求解方案。把含随机分布夹杂相的固体归结为对一个含有内边界条件复连通域问题的求解,与传统的有限元和边界元分域解法相比,显著地提高了计算效率。应用相似子域边界元法,对含有随机分布圆形和椭圆形夹杂相的固体材料进行了大量数值计算,并把夹杂相与基体材料之间从理想粘结扩展到带有界面层的情况。这些计算为相应纤维增强复合材料宏观等效力学特性研究提供了有效的数值模拟方法。      

Homogenization of braided fabric composite for reliable large deformation analysis of reinforced rubber hose

High pressure rubber hose is in the lamination structure composed of pure rubbers and braided fabric composite layers to have the sufficient strength against the excessive radial expansion and the large deformation, in which the braided fabric layer is woven with wrap and fill tows inclined to each other with the predefined helix angle in the complex periodic pattern. The consideration of detailed geometry of braided fabric layer in the numerical analysis leads to a huge number of finite elements so that the braided fabric layer has been traditionally simplified as an isotropic cylindrical one with the homogeneous isotropic material properties of braid spun tread. However, this simple model leads to the numerical prediction and design with the questionable reliability. In this context, this paper addresses the development of an in-house module, which is able to be interfaced with commercial FEM code, for the reliable large deformation analysis of the reinforced rubber hose with the element number at the level of the traditional simple model. The in-house module is able to not only automatically generate 3-D unit cell (or RVE) model of the braided fabric layer but evaluate the homogenized orthotropic material properties by automatically performing a serious of unit cell finite element analyses based on the superposition method. The validity of the in-house module and the reliability of the homogenization method are verified through the illustrative numerical experiments.     

一种曲边三角形区域中的三角形网格自动生成方法

有限元数值计算时,常需用到三角形单元。在一曲边三角形区域中,本文提出了一种新的三角形网格自动生成方法,可在二维、三维空间内对板、壳等结构进行网格划分和网格疏密调节。算例表明本文的网格生成方法是方便、有效的。并避免了R.HABER等人的方法所产生的计算机数据溢出现象。     

The recent development of analysis methodology for rapid crack propagation and arrest in gas pipelines

Several dynamic analysis issues relating to rapid crack propagation (RCP) and arrest in gas piplines were developed recently, and are presented in this paper. This is based on a fluid/structure/fracture interaction package, PFRAC. Some developments have been implemented into this finite element code to simulate the behavior of the fractured pipes. The criteria for crack initiation, propagation and arrest have been discussed. As the crack propagates along the pipeline, the gas pressure decompression ahead of the crack tip and an efficiency of a linear decay behind the crack have been used in the computation. For the calculation of crack driving force G, the numerical approaches using the nodal force release and energy balance methods are described. This paper also presents a novel analysis methodology that has been developed to investigate the suitability of crack arrestors. Several numerical results for the cracked steel pipes with arrestors are presented along with comparisons with pipes that do not have arrestors.     

High performance VLSI CORDIC algorithms,architecture and chip design

Abstract

CORDIC is a rotation based computation kernel algorithm which has been found to be very attractive for problems which require intensive, frequent evaluations of elementary functions. This paper addresses the implementation issues in the design of a VLSI CORDIC processor for digital signal processing and numerical linear algebra computations. The first part of this paper will discuss various design considerations for practical CORDIC algorithms. In particular, we have established criteria for the selection of nearly optimal shift sequences which are crucial to the performance of the CORDIC computation. The various design considerations of a CORDIC processor are discussed. Finally, the architecture of a prototype CORDIC processor data path chip is described.     

Symbolic functions from neural computation

Is thought computation over ideas? Turing, and many cognitive scientists since, have assumed so, and formulated computational systems in which meaningful concepts are encoded by symbols which are the objects of computation. Cognition has been carved into parts, each a function defined over such symbols. This paper reports on a research program aimed at computing these symbolic functions without computing over the symbols. Symbols are encoded as patterns of numerical activation over multiple abstract neurons, each neuron simultaneously contributing to the encoding of multiple symbols. Computation is carried out over the numerical activation values of such neurons, which individually have no conceptual meaning. This is massively parallel numerical computation operating within a continuous computational medium. The paper presents an axiomatic framework for such a computational account of cognition, including a number of formal results. Within the framework, a class of recursive symbolic functions can be computed. Formal languages defined by symbolic rewrite rules can also be specified, the subsymbolic computations producing symbolic outputs that simultaneously display central properties of both facets of human language: universal symbolic grammatical competence and statistical, imperfect performance.     

子波分析在声辐射和声散射中的应用

文章提出将子波分析用于求解声学中的边界积分方程,能提高现有边界元方法解决工程问题的能力。在子波分析于声辐射和声散射的应用研究中,提出了把积分核函数用级数展开,建立频率响应函数计算的频率迭代技术,大大提高了频率响应函数的计算效率。讨论了子波分析在声学工程数值计算中的研究前景。