表面粗糙度对微动摩擦特性的影响

通过实验研究,探讨了表面粗糙度对微动摩擦特性影响的作用。表面粗糙高时接触表面之间的摩擦系数会有明显增加,在微动状态下表面粗糙度对表面磨损影响不大。     

扭转复合微动模拟及其试验研究

基于低速往复回转电动机系统和高精度六维力/转矩传感器,通过改变旋转轴的倾斜角α,成功实现了扭转复合微动,该微动属扭动微动和转动微动模式的复合。并对GCr15钢球/50钢平面在倾斜角度为10°和40°及不同扭转角位移幅值下的扭转复合微动进行初步考察,同时结合光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、表面轮廓仪等手段分析50钢的扭转复合微动运行行为、磨痕形貌及损伤机理。结果表明,该试验装置能真实模拟扭转复合微动;倾斜角和角位移幅值对扭转复合微动的运行和损伤行为有重要影响;可利用摩擦力—角位移幅值曲线来表征扭转复合微动行为,50钢摩擦力—角位移幅值曲线呈直线型、椭圆型和平行四边形型3种类型;其损伤特征明显不同于单一运行模式控制(扭动微动或转动微动)下的微动行为。此外,不对称的磨斑形貌是扭转复合微动的一个典型特征。     

聚四氟乙烯基粘结固体润滑涂层微动磨损性能研究

在不同位移幅值与载荷条件下研究了酚醛环氧粘结聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基固体润滑涂层的微动磨损特性，并利用扫描电子显微镜、表面轮廓仪和傅里叶表面红外仪等对涂层磨斑进行分析。结果表明，粘结PTFE基涂层具有良好的抗微动损伤性能，随循环次数的变化只存在部分滑移区和滑移区，部分滑移区的损伤轻微，滑移区的损伤强烈依赖于栽荷，其损伤与PTFE分子链在往复交变载荷作用下的疲劳断裂相关。     

螺纹联接件的微动损伤研究

从试验和数值分析两个方面研究了螺栓预紧力矩对ＬＹ１２ＣＺ铝合金双盖板对接螺纹联接件微动损伤的影响。在高频疲劳试验机上进行了微动试验,对接触表面间的微动损伤状况进行了观察分析。     

微动图和能量的方法在微动研究中的应用

介绍了微动的两种研究方法：微动图和能量的方法。归纳了微动图的组成、分类、作法及其在减轻微动损伤方面的作用。讨论了能量的方法在微动摩擦学研究中的应用，包括微动磨损体积与摩擦过程中释放的总能量的关系及能量分布在解释微动实验现象中的成功运用。最后指出微动摩擦学的研究仍然面临巨大挑战。     

TC4合金微动疲劳损伤研究

研究了TC4合金在柱面-平面接触务件下的微动疲劳行为，分析了其微动疲劳损伤机制。结果表明：在试验务件下，微动区边缘的损伤特征以粘着磨损为主，而微动区中部则以磨粒磨损和接触疲劳为主。疲劳裂纹易于在微动区．特别是在蚀坑处萌生和扩展。促使微动疲劳裂纹萌生的因素：一是法向应力和切向摩擦力引起的材料表层塑性变形，二是微动磨损破坏了材料的表面完整性，造成了缺口应力集中效应。     

关于微动磨损与微动疲劳的研究

微动磨损与微动疲劳是２种主要的微动模式,造成的损伤在工业中相当普遍,并可能引发灾难性的后果。主要研究了们移幅度、压力和疲劳应力３个基本微动参数,并以获得的微动区域、微动图为基础,分析了微动磨损与微动疲劳的运行机制和破坏规律。为更好地了解微动磨损与微动疲劳之间的内在联系,进一步探讨了接触磨损与局部疲劳、局部疲劳与整体疲劳之间的竞争机制。     

Al-Li 8090 和 Ti-6Al-4V 的 20 kHz 微动疲劳研究

用超声疲劳试验技术研究了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ８０９０铝锂合金和Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ钛合金在２０ｋＨｚ时的微动损伤现象。试验结果表明，在极高频率下，也有微动损伤发生，并可引发疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展，导致微动疲劳破坏。     

人体皮质骨/纯钛接触副径向微动损伤研究

对新鲜人股骨皮质骨对纯钛球(直径10mm)接触副,在12mm/min加载速度下,分别以最大法向载荷100,200,300,400N进行径向微动实验研究。在动力学特性分析的基础上,用激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电镜观察皮质骨表面的磨痕形貌。结果显示:随着载荷的增加,股骨皮质骨表现出不同的界面变形行为,损伤随之加重,而且裂纹的产生存在一个临界载荷;裂纹在骨表面主要有4种生长方式,以沿粘合线生长最常见。讨论了减缓骨/种植体界面径向微动损伤的措施,表明降低界面应力和种植体表面改性有利于减缓骨/种植体界面径向微动损伤。     

粘结石墨固体润滑涂层微动磨损性能研究

在不同位移幅值与载荷下研究了粘结石墨固体润滑涂层的微动磨损特性，并利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了涂层微动磨斑。结果表明：粘结石墨涂层具有良好的抗微动损伤性能，随循环次数的变化只存在部分滑移区和滑移区，部分滑移区涂层损伤轻微；滑移区损伤严重，主要表现为裂纹萌生和扩展，最终按剥层机制呈层状剥落。     

On the mechanisms of various fretting wear modes

According to relative motion directions for a ball-on-flat contact, there are four fundamental fretting wear modes, e.g., tangential, radial, torsional and rotational modes. In this paper, the mechanisms of these four fundamental fretting wear modes, particularly for the later three modes, have been reviewed from results obtained by the authors in combination with results from literature. Some general features have been reported. Differences both in running and degradation behavior have been discussed in detail. Results showed that some similar laws for three fretting regimes (partial slip regime, mixed regime and slip regime), fretting maps (running condition fretting map and material response fretting map), wear and cracking mechanisms obtained from the classic mode (i.e. tangential fretting) were also identified and useful to characterize the other modes. Nevertheless, the occurrence of relative slip for the radial fretting, the formation of mixed regime for the torsional fretting, the evolution of surface morphology for the rotational fretting were quite different compared to that of the classical fretting mode.     

桨-毂轴承材料扭动微动磨损行为研究

采用面接触扭动微动形式,以动力定位系统可调距螺旋桨桨-毂轴承摩擦副材料(CuNiAl-42CrMo4)为对象,以不同的角位移幅值模拟海水波动影响下的微动磨损行为,并结合扫描电子显微镜和超景深三维显微镜对磨痕形貌进行分析,探究桨-毂轴承摩擦副材料扭动微动磨损规律。结果表明,随着角位移幅值的增加,扭动微动依次运行于部分滑移区、混合区、滑移区,摩擦因数减小,同时磨损量增加,微动损伤中剥层机制所占的比例逐渐增加,且由于疲劳裂纹扩展的不利影响,实际运行过程中要尽量避开混合区。     

An experimental investigation on composite fretting mode

An apparatus for composite fretting tests on a steel ball opposite to the inclined steel flat with different inclined angles (60° and 45°) have been carried out. During the tests, the maximum imposed loads were varied from 200 N to 400 N and 800 N at a constant loading speed of 12 mm/min. Dynamic analysis in combination with microscopic examinations through optical microscopy, profilometery, and SEM have been performed. Composite fretting behaviour has been analyzed and compared with the conventional fretting.     

Effect of surface treatment by ceramic conversion on the fretting behavior of NiTi shape memory alloy

Three types of surface-treated NiTi samples, M-1 (700 °C/0.5 h), M-2 (650 °C/1 h) and M-3 (400 °C/50 h), were prepared by ceramic conversion treatment under different conditions. The effect of the surface treatment on the fretting behavior of NiTi alloy was investigated in the Ringer’s solution by using a horizontal servo-hydraulic fretting apparatus. The experimental results indicated that the surface layer of the low temperature (400 °C) treated samples M-3 was dominated by a single TiO₂ layer, while the high temperature (650 and 700 °C) treated samples M-1 and M-2 consisted of surface TiO₂ layer followed by a TiNi₃ layer. These surface layers were found to have a strong effect on the fretting behavior of the NiTi alloy in terms of changes in the shape of the curves of the tangential force (F _t) versus displacement (d), the fretting regimes and the damage mechanisms involved. The stress-induced reorientation of martensite bands in the NiTi alloy could decrease the slope of the F _t–d curve and thus increase the elastic accommodation ability of the NiTi plate against 1Cr13 steel ball pair. However, since the surface-treated layers could suppress the martensite reorientation in the NiTi substrate and thus decrease the elastic accommodation ability of NiTi, the gross slip started at a smaller displacement amplitude for the surface-treated NiTi samples than for the untreated one. The main wear mechanism of the as-received NiTi alloy in slip regime was adhesion and delamination, while the major damage to the high temperature treated NiTi samples M-1 and M-2 was determined as the spallation of surface-treated layers. Due to the high bonding strength of the surface-treated layer with NiTi substrate, the low temperature treated NiTi samples M-3 showed the best fretting wear resistance in all samples tested.     

柴油机连杆齿形配合面裂纹成因研究

在16V280ZJ型柴油机连杆齿形配合面的动力学分折、接触应力及相对微滑位移值计算的基础上，对连杆材料(调质42CrMo钢)进行了微动试验研究。结果表明，连杆齿形配合面问发生微动，并运行于微动裂纹最易形成的混合区。结合连杆裂纹故障的特征，分折认为连杆齿形失效的根本原因在于接触齿面间复杂的微动疲劳作用加速了裂纹的萌生与扩展，大大降低了连杆使用寿命，并提出了减缓连杆齿形配合面微动疲劳损伤的方案。     

Comparison between radial fretting and dual-motion fretting features of cortical bone

Fretting tests were carried out to compare the effect of radial and dual-motion modes on wear of cortical bone. A titanium ball was rubbed against fresh human cortical bone under controlled load and motion test conditions. Dual-motion fretting mode produced more severe damage than radial fretting, with more debris occurring at the worn surface. Cracks were abundant in radial fretting and they were significantly affected by the microstructure of cortical bone; this effect was not obvious in the case of the dual-motion fretting mode. Radial fretting test could be used to evaluate the anisotropy of material and crack propagation of brittle cortical bone.