NH_3作为燃气—蒸汽复合循环中的蒸汽工质的初步探讨

陈大燮教授曾提出过一个新型的循环[2],并指出为了实现这个循环应该使用一种新的工质——x工质。本文具体地列举在了蒸汽循环中x工质所希望的一些性质。用热相似理论对氨进行了详细的计算,计算时用水作为典型。考虑到水和氨在热力性质上的差异,提出了修正熵的ζ曲线和修正焓的η曲线。最后,将计算结果与列举的性质作比较,得出结论:从热力学观点来看,氨是可以用作为x工质的。     

磁性花生壳负载钯催化剂的制备及催化氨硼烷释氢性能

以高锰酸钾改性后的花生壳为原料,通过共沉淀法制备了磁性花生壳(PSK-Fe_3O_4)复合材料,并以其为载体制备了磁性花生壳负载钯催化剂(Pd/PSK-Fe_3O_4).以XRD、FT-IR、TEM、XPS、TG等表征手段对该催化剂进行了表征,并将其应用于催化氨硼烷水解释氢.结果表明:Pd/PSK-Fe_3O_4催化剂在催化氨硼烷水解反应中表现出较好的催化活性,其转换频率(TOF)为6.7 mol_(H2)·mol_(Pd)~(-1)·min~(-1),表观活化能(E_(app))为28.0 kJ mol~(-1).Pd/PSK-Fe_3O_4催化氨硼烷水解释氢反应对于催化剂浓度和氨硼烷浓度的反应级数分别为一级和零级.此外,循环实验表明该催化剂具有较好的循环稳定性.     

卡林纳循环与氨水朗肯循环组合系统的热电联供性能

根据卡林纳循环发电效率高及氨水朗肯循环蒸发过程和冷凝过程都有较大温度变化的特点,提出了一种在非供暖季利用卡林纳循环发电而在供暖季利用氨水朗肯循环排热加热供暖水的卡林纳循环与氨水朗肯循环(AWKRC)组合系统.AWKRC组合系统在卡林纳循环基础上通过阀门切换实现循环流程转换.研究分析了AWKRC组合系统在非供暖季的发电性能和供暖季的热电联供性能,分析了氨水朗肯循环工作浓度对循环效率的影响.在给定计算条件下,非供暖季卡林纳循环的热效率和动力回收效率分别为20.9%和17.4%;而在供暖季氨水朗肯循环的热效率和动力回收效率分别为17.0%和13.0%,且其综合回收效率可达19.2%.     

海洋温差能发电系统新型热力循环理论分析

 海洋温差能发电系统新型热力循环在Kalina循环基础上增加贫氨溶液回热支路和抽气回热支路以提高热力循环效率。应用能量守恒原理和热平衡方程对新型热力循环--国海循环进行理论研究,计算了不同的透平入口蒸汽压力、氨水混合工质浓度、温海水温度和冷海水温度条件下的循环效率。理论计算结果表明,氨水混合工质浓度对国海循环效率影响显著,冷热源温度确定的条件下存在最优的氨水混合工质浓度使得循环效率最高,当温、冷海水温度分别为26、5℃,氨水工质浓度为92%时,系统效率最大达到4.56%;当氨水混合物浓度不变时,循环效率随透平入口蒸汽压力的升高先升高后降低,存在极大值;冷海水入口温度对循环效率影响很明显,而温海水温度对循环效率影响较小。     

γ-Fe-Ni固溶体的价电子结构与α～x,α～T曲线

本文通过对面心铁镍固溶体的价电子结构分析及对不同温度下的铁镍固溶体a～x曲线、不同成分下的a～T曲线的计算,并根据固溶体的平均原子模型。对γ-Fe-Ni固溶体的磁效应进行了修正,给出了γ-Fe-Ni置换式固溶体的平均原子单键半径的经验关系式R~s(1)=(1-x)R~A(1)=xR~B(1)+k(T)(1-T/T)(?)(x)。在一级近似下,计算结果与实验值符合得很好。     

炉内废气循环气体浓度新模型检测方法研究

通过分析炉内废气循环过程的特点，在一定废气循环量的条件下，建立了炉内废气容积流量与废气循环次数的定量数学关系，建立了废气中氧气浓度与循环次数的定量数学关系。运用数学极限定律，得出氧的极限浓度定量数学公式，以此为基础，建立了助燃剂中氧气的浓度以及可燃混合物中氧气的浓度定量数学关系式。并以此推导出其他成分浓度的计算数学模型，为实际生产过程中不同环节的气体成分检测、分析建立了基础     

树干毕赤酵母连续发酵戊糖己糖生成酒精

以30g/L葡萄糖和15g/L木糖混合物为发酵底物,在工作体积约为1.5L的全混釜生物反应器中,对一株树干毕赤酵母驯化菌株P2进行了一级和二级连续发酵研究。结果表明,在一级连续发酵木糖、葡萄糖混合物中,当稀释率为0.06h-1时,酒精产率达到最大0.790g/(L·h),发酵溢出液中酒精浓度为13.16g/L,还原糖利用率仅为77.51%。在二级连续发酵木糖、葡萄糖混合物时,当底物流加速度约为60mL/h时,发酵液酒精浓度为13.23～14.85g/L,还原糖利用为83.23%～84.37%。     

CCPP湿煤气热力学性质分析和简捷计算方法

针对联合循环机组煤气系统模拟中湿煤气热力学性质的计算方法进行了研究.分析结果表明当压力小于732kPa时,湿煤气仍可近似看做理想气体混合物,理想气体混合物热力学性质的计算方法仍然适用,计算误差较小.将湿煤气看成干煤气和水蒸气的混合物,给出了湿煤气热力学性质的计算步骤和通用计算公式.通过数值计算分析了湿煤气各成分体积分数、水分析出和温度变化对湿煤气热力学性质的影响,并基于上述分析结果给出了在联合循环机组煤气系统变工况模拟时湿煤气热力学性质的简捷计算方法.     

二氧化碳水二元混合流体的分子动力学模拟研究

对二氧化碳、水的二元混合流体进行分子动力学模拟,研究了温度、压强、浓度条件变化对二氧化碳水二元混合流体性质的影响．所得计算结果与实验值符合得非常好．分析结果得出,混合物中水的自扩散系数与二氧化碳的自扩散系数随压强增大而减小,混合物中水的径向分布函数受温度、压强的影响较二氧化碳显著,水中的H与二氧化碳中的O形成的氢键作用力随温度增加而增强,随水的浓度增加而减弱．     

低聚乙二醇的高效液相色谱分析

本文报道了定量分析低聚乙二醇混合物组分的反相高效液相色谱法.此方法以乙腈/水(10/90)作流动相,1cm~3/min 流量(?)浓度洗脱,在195nm 波长光度检测.本方法简便、快速、准确.线性方程y=-(?)031+0.712x,相关系数r=0.9994,回收率97.4%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with