浅谈冲击式水轮机调节控制系统的改进

简述了传统冲击式水轮机调节控制系统的不足之处，采用取消调速器液压传动系统和其后机械传动系统的方式，直接以电子调节器控制流量伺服阀的流量实现控制喷针的方法，大大简化控制结构，提高了自动化程度，也改善了调节系统的调节性能。     

交流伺服控制式PLC水轮机调速器的研究与实践

交流伺服控制式PLC（可编程）水轮机调速器，采用了全数字式交流伺服电机和驱动器加丝杆螺母副的智能型交流伺服驱动系统，及由该交流伺服驱动系统直接控制主配压阀的直连型机械液压随动系统。该调速器不仅较好地解决了电-机位移转换的可靠性问题，同时有效地取消传动杆件和减少传递环节，机构简洁。其整机的速动性能是其他伺服驱动系统无法相比拟的。该水轮机调速器在试验室的数学-物理仿真试验结果及在水电站投入运行的试验结果其本吻合，其技术指标达到或优于国家标准，有推广应用价值。     

新型FNNS控制策略在水轮机调节系统中的应用

针对水轮机调节系统非线性、结构参数变化范围较大等特点，提出了一种新型水轮机调节控制策略－－FNNS（模糊神经网络系统）与变参数控制相结合的智能控制系统，仿真研究表明，该系统能适应水轮机调节系统结构、参数变化较大情况下的控制要求。     

具有我国自主知识产权的电机控制类水轮机调速器

本文作者认为,电机控制类水轮机调速器综合应用了电子计算机、自动控制、伺服驱动和新型机械结构等多方面的技术成果,可大幅度提高调速系统的可靠性,是水轮机调节行业的一次技术革命;同时,电机控制类电/机转换部件构成的系统已形成了具有我国自主知识产权的一类水轮机调速器,它不但具有我国特色,而且符合国情,已得到广泛推广和应用。     

《水轮机控制工程》

华中科技大学魏守平教授的新书《水轮机控制工程》将于2005年7月由华中科技大学出版社出版。该书对现代水轮机调节系统和水轮机控制技术的基本原理、静态特性和动态特性进行了简要的分析;对水轮机数字式微机电液调速器的结构体系、控制器硬件构成及软件设计、机械液压系统和油压装置的工作原理、设计及计算、水轮机调节系统的试验及故障对策等做了详细的论证和叙述;分析了最新的、不同型式水轮机的、已经在电站成功应用的水轮机数字式微机电液调速器实例;研究了水轮机调速器与电网一次调频、二次调频及区域电网交换功率控制之间的关系和水轮机控制系统的仿真模型,给出了与水轮     

水轮机调速器的自动化及其发展前景

综述了水轮机调节系统的组成、类型及工作原理,分析了调节系统中最为核心部分--调速器的自动化应用及发展前景,并结合实例论述了交流伺服控制型可编程水轮机调速器的特点及运行效果.水轮机调速器工作性能的优劣直接关系到水电站和机组运行的安全以及所生产电能的质量.     

黄金坪水电站4×200 MW机组调速器优化研究

水轮机调速器中,用于连接电气控制和机械液压的电/液转换装置是调速器的关键部件。本文分析了比例伺服阀和伺服电机在黄金坪水电站调速系统运用的可行性,并在原来设计基础上提出比例伺服阀加伺服电机的优化方案。     

基于现代液压技术的水轮机调节液压系统研究

传统的水轮机调节液压系统采用的是非液压标准件，因而工作油压低体积庞大，故障率高，基于现代液压控制技术的水轮机调节液压系统，采用标准，通用液压元件组合集成，突破了传统模式，提高了系统的工作压力，缩短了制造周期，降低了生产成本，方便了电站检修维护，同时运用电液比例控制技术，改善了系统静态，动态品质，降低了故障率，该系统性能价格比高，极具应用推广价值。     

水轮机调节系统的MATLAB仿真模型

介绍了水轮机调节系统建模及其分析方法.仿真模型是基于MATLAB Simulink建立的,能实现水轮机调节系统空载运行、甩100%额定负荷、接力器不动时间、孤立电网运行和一次调频等动态过程的仿真.仿真结果有助于加深对水轮机调节系统基本原理的理解,也有助于了解被控制系统参数(调节对象)和水轮机控制系统(调速器)参数对水轮机调节系统动态特性的影响.     

水轮机调节系统的空载特性仿真

介绍了水轮机调节系统空载动态特性的仿真结果,给出了空载频率波动和空载扰动的仿真曲线.仿真结果有助于加深对水轮机调节系统基本原理的理解,也有助于了解被控制系统参数(调节对象)和水轮机控制系统(调速器)参数对水轮机调节系统空载动态特性的影响.     

HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTICAL VORTEX AT HYDRAULIC INTAKES

The trace of vertical vortex flow at hydraulic intakes is of the shape of spiral lines,which was observed in the presented experiments with the tracer technique. It represents the fluid particles flow spirally from the water surface to the underwater and rotate around the vortex-axis multi-cycle. This process is similar to the movement of screw. To describe the multi-circle spiral characteristics under the axisymmetric condition,the vertical vortex would change not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction. The improved formulae for three velocity components for the vertical vortex flow were deduced by using the method of separation of variables in this article. In the improved formulae,the velocity components are the functions of the radial and axial coordinates,so the multi-circle spiral flow of vertical vortex could be simulated. The calculated and measured results for the vertical vortex flow were compared and the causes of errors were analyzed.     

OPTIMAL HYDRAULIC DESIGN AND CAD APPLICATIONS OF AXIAL FLOW HYDRAULIC TURBINE'S RUNNER

A method of the optimal hydraulic design and CAD application of runner blades of axial-flow hydraulic turbines are discussed on the basis of optimization principle and CAD technique in this paper. Based on the theory of fluid dynamics, the blade′s main geometrical parameter, working parameters and performances index of the blades and the relationship between them are analysed, and the mathematical model of optimal hydraulic design of axial-flow runners has been established. Through nonlinear programming, the problems can be solved. By making use of the calculation geometry and computer graphics, the distribution method of the singular points, and an CAD applied software, an optimal hydraulic design are presented.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTERISTIC FREQUENCY IN UNSTEADY HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOUR OF A LARGE HYDRAULIC TURBINE

The features of unsteady flow such as pressure variation and fluctuation in a large hydraulic turbine usually lead to the instability of operation.This article reports the recent in site investigation concerning the characteristic frequencies in pressure fluctuation,shaft torsional oscillation and structural vibration of a prototype 700 MW Francis turbine unit.The investigation was carried out for a wide load range of 200 MW-700 MW in the condition of water head 57 m-90 m.An extensive analysis of both time-history and frequency data of these unsteady hydraulic behaviours was conducted.It was observed that the pressure fluctuation in a draft tube is stronger than that in upstream flow passage.The low frequency with about one third of rotation frequency is dominative for the pressure fluctuation in part load range.Also the unsteady features of vibration of head cover and torsional oscillation of shaft exhibited the similar features.Numerical analysis showed that the vibration and oscillation are caused by vortex rope in the draft tube.In addition,a strong vibration with special characteristic frequency was observed for the head cover in middle load range.The pressure fluctuation in the draft tube with the same frequency was also recorded.Because this special vibration has appeared in the designed normal running condition,it should be avoided by carefully allocating power load in the future operation.     

HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SLIT-TYPE ENERGY DISSIPA-TERS

Slit-Type Energy Dissipater(STED) has been a kind of important devices for energy dissipation.The flow through the STED is longitudinally extended and the velocity is decreased by means of the cross-section increase of the flow,which is closely related to geometric and hydraulic parameters of the STED.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate and control the hydraulic condi-tions through the STED,including the nappe section form,the conversion condition,and the effect of energy dissipation with the geometric and hydraulic parameters.In the present work,"I-type" and "T-type" nappe forms were experimentally classified,the con-version conditions of the nappe forms were empirically provided,and the effects of geometric parameters of the STED on energy dissipation were roughly analyzed.It is concluded that the contraction angle of the STED is a key factor influencing the hydraulic characteristics of the STED.     

斜交堰的水力特性

根据系列模型试验资料的分析，提出了不同交角的斜交堰的流量系数公式。叙述了它的主要水力特性。     

浯溪口水利枢纽工程对环境的影响

浯溪口水利枢纽工程的实施将对环境产生一定影响 文章就该枢纽工程对水环境、移民、水土保持、人群健康以及施工期可能产生的影响进行了分析     

我省水利发展展望

江西省委十届二次全会在通过我省国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和２０１０年的远景目标的建议中，对水利提出了新的要求．形势要求水利要适应经济大发展，就必须超前发展．我省水利发展机遇与挑战并存，各级水利部门要抓住珍惜这极好的机遇发展水利，服务社会，壮大自已，尽早实现行业脱贫，职工致富．使我省水利建设能够上一个新台阶．     

廖坊水利枢纽工程设计特点

简要介绍廖坊水利枢纽工程的工程任务、布置及设计特点.     

SITMILARITY LAW FOR HYDRAULIC DISTORTED MODEL

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｎｃｙ ,ｅｎｅｒｇｙａｎｄｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａ ｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ ,ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｖｅｒｉｆｙｔｈｅｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｎｅｓｓｏｆｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｄｅｓｉｇｎ ,ｏｒｔｏｓｔｕｄｙｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｉｎｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｄｅｓｉｇｎａｎｄｒｕｎｎｉｎｇ ,ｔｈｅｍｏｄｅｌｔｅｓｔｓａｒｅｏｆ ｔｅｎｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄ .Ｉｎｇｅｎｅｒａｌ ,ｔｈｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｉｔｙｏｆｇｅｏ ｍｅｔｒｉｃａｌｌｙｎｏｒｍａｌｍｏｄｅｌｉｓｖｅ…     

大坳水利枢纽工程的旅游规划

介绍大坳水利枢纽工程的旅游规划，并根据该工程的建设过程，阐述了旅游规划对水利工程施工管理的指导作用以及水利旅游的开发对水利工程的水土资源升值作用。