使用人造金刚石刀具刀具寿命可提高2倍

瑞士Leichtmetallgiesseri公司对切削起来比较困难的铣削加工,改用人造金刚石刀具后,能缩短停车时间,减少次品。进而可增加每把刀具的加工件数,刀具寿命约提高到200%。以前用碳化钨基硬质合金刀具,对压铸成形的硅铝合金的壳体零件进行仿形加工,     

硬质合金刀具高速车削钛合金的切削性能研究

采用单因素试验法,用未涂层硬质合金刀具和TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀具对Ti-6Al-4V钛合金进行了高速干车削试验,通过对切削过程中切削力、刀具寿命、切削温度以及加工表面粗糙度的分析,得出了两种刀具高速干车削钛合金的切削性能,为钛合金高速切削刀具的设计提供了试验依据。     

PCBN刀具高速切削钛合金切削性能研究

采用PCBN刀具对钛合金TC4进行了高速车削试验,从切削力、工件表面粗糙度和刀具寿命等方面分析了PCBN刀具加工钛合金的切削性能,并与未涂层硬质合金刀具、涂层硬质合金刀具作了比较,证明了在高切削速度、低进给量和小背吃刀量的条件下,PCBN有着较长的刀具寿命。     

钛合金切削加工中刀具寿命和刀具磨损的研究

钛合金是典型的难加工材料,提高钛合金的加工效率和刀具寿命是急需解决的问题。本文选用Ti-6Al-4V作为工件材料,选取两种不同的硬质合金和一种聚晶金刚石(PCD)作为刀具材料,对切削加工中刀具寿命和刀具磨损进行了试验研究。研究结果表明:PCD刀具寿命明显高于硬质合金刀具,在高速下优势尤其明显;两种硬质合金刀具低速下主要是粘结磨损,高速下主要是粘结磨损、扩散磨损和氧化磨损;PCD刀具主要是微崩刃和石墨化引起的沟槽磨损。     

高速切削刀具的扩散磨损检测研究

针对目前高速切削加工刀具的扩散磨损检测比较难的问题,采用将车削加工钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)的硬质合金刀具在最大磨损处切割,然后利用带能谱分析的扫描电子显微镜的特点,对刀具后刀面最大磨损处的截面进行观察和元素分析,从而检测了硬质合金刀具后刀面与钛合金粘结层之间的元素扩散.这种元素扩散的分析检测方法可以为高速切削加工刀具的扩散磨损研究提供帮助.     

钛合金和镍合金加工用新型刀具材料的研究进展

对钛合金和镍合金加工用新型刀具材料的种类、特性等研究现状进行了综合评述,详细阐述了涂层和无涂层硬质合金刀具、聚晶金刚石刀具、立方氮化硼刀具、陶瓷刀具在钛合金和镍合金材料加工过程中的磨损及切削加工后的表面完整性问题,并指出了当前研究中存在的问题和未来的发展趋势。     

基于钛合金高速铣削刀具失效演变的硬质合金涂层刀具设计与制造

<正>由于密度小、强度/重量比高、高温稳定性好以及耐腐蚀性好等特点,钛合金被广泛应用于航空航天领域。但因钛合金低的导热性、高的化学活性以及弹性模量小等特点,使其切削加工性差、刀具寿命低,被公认为难加工材料,这限制了切削速度和生产率的提高。本文以钛合金高速铣削刀具失效演变对硬质合金涂层刀具性能的要求为指导和依据,以高性能硬质合金刀具材料设计、刀具结构设计和刀具涂层设计为核心,对硬质合金涂层刀具设计理论与方法进行了深入研究和探讨,最终     

聚晶高硬度刀片材料

目前采用含钴量高的高速钢刀具和硬质合金刀具车削、铣削或锯削加工钛合金,其效果较好。这里介绍的是以采用硬质合金刀具与聚     

切削加工钛合金的切削参数优化研究

钛合金材料因其具有强度高、耐腐蚀性好、耐热高等特点被广泛用于航空航天、舰船、民用工业等各个领域。而钛合金是典型的难加工材料,切削钛合金的加工效率和质量较低。本文选用了不同种牌号的硬质合金刀具,进行了切削加工TC4钛合金刀具磨损及耐用度试验。基于切削加工钛合金的刀具磨损及耐用度试验结果分析,确定了切削速度、切削深度和每齿进给量等切削参数作为设计变量,建立了以切削加工钛合金最大金属去除率为优化目标函数,依据实际加工条件设计了相应的约束条件,最终建立了切削参数优化数学模型。     

Ti6Al4V钛合金枪钻加工的切削力试验研究

钛合金在深孔加工过程中存在刀具磨损严重和加工表面质量差等问题。本文采用整体硬质合金单刃枪钻作为深孔加工刀具,通过对刀具结构的分析和对Ti6Al4V钛合金深孔钻削的切削力试验研究,得到工艺参数对切削力的影响规律,结合制孔的表面粗糙度,优化了钛合金枪钻加工工艺参数。同时,通过刀具的磨损分析得到了钛合金枪钻加工过程中刀具的主要磨损形式。     

钛合金零件高速铣削刀具磨损的试验研究

高速铣削钛合金时,由于切削区内的切削温度高,加剧了刀具的磨损。通过对钛合金TC4的高速铣削实验,得出带TiA lN涂层的硬质合金刀具切削钛合金TC4时的刀具磨损的变化规律和刀具耐用度公式。通过对刀具磨损特性的分析,研究结果主要是刀具表面层的粘结相Co在高温下丧失对WC颗粒的结合强度,磨损机理以高温下的粘结层撕裂磨损为主。     

Adhesion Wear on Tool Rake and Flank Faces in Dry Cutting of Ti-6Al-4V

Titanium alloys are very chemically reactive and,therefore,have a tendency to weld to the cutting tool during machining.The deterioration in the tool life caused by adhesion is a serious problem when titanium alloys are cut using carbide tools.The chemical reactivity of titanium alloys with carbide tool materials and their consequent welding by adhesion onto the cutting tool during dry cutting leads to excessive chipping,premature tool failure,and poor surface finish.In the present study,dry turning and milling tests were carried out on Ti-6Al-4V alloys with WC?Co carbide tools.The adhesion on the tool rake and flank face was explored,the adhesive joint interface between the workpiece materials and tools were observed.SEM observation showed that adhesion can be observed both on the rake and the flank face,and was more pronounced in rake face than in flank face.There was evidence of element diffusion from the tool rake face to the adhering layer(vice versa) through the adhesive joint interface,which leads to the tool element loss and microstructure change.While the adhering materials at the flank face can be easily separated from the joint interface owing to the lower temperature and less pressure at the flank face,the adhesive wear attack results in an abrasive wear in the flank face.Moreover,adhesion is more notable in turning than in milling.The proposed research provides references for studying the adhesion between the workpiece materials and the tools,the adhesion mechanisms and their effect on the tool wear.     

高速铣削近α钛合金的切削温度研究

切削温度不仅直接影响刀具的磨损和耐用度,而且也影响工件的加工精度和已加工表面质量。由于钛合金导热性差和化学亲和性强等原因,通常在其切削加工时切削温度高、刀具磨损严重,致使切削速度难以进一步提高。本文重点对钛合金高速铣削时的切削温度进行试验研究,阐明夹丝半人工热电偶法测温原理和所测热电势信号的物理意义。试验选用了3种不同类型的硬质合金刀具,系统地研究了切削用量、冷却条件及刀具磨损等因素对近α钛合金高速铣削时切削温度的影响。     

[刀具及切削工艺]高速铣削中TaC（NbC）对硬质合金刀具磨损性能的影响

针对航空航天钛合金加工时硬质合金刀具磨损过快的难题，制备了主元素一致、微量合金碳化物TaC（NbC）含量不同的两种WC-Co基硬质合金材料。采用高温维氏硬度计检测两种材料的高温硬度和高温断裂韧性，并制备相同几何参数的立铣刀对钛合金TC4进行铣削加工试验。试验结果表明：在硬质合金中添加微量合金碳化物TaC（NbC），可以同时提高材料的高温硬度和高温断裂韧性,在相同的切削条件下，添加微量合金碳化物TaC（NbC）的硬质合金立铣刀比未添加微量合金碳化物的立铣刀耐磨性更好，刃口断裂裂纹更少，刀具使用寿命更长，更适合航空航天钛合金材料的高速铣削加工。     

Experimental investigation of top burr formation in high-speed micro-end milling of titanium alloy

ABSTRACT

Superalloys with burr-free parts are most preferably used in biomedical, aerospace, marine and automotive applications. In order to reduce the global pollution content, industries strive to execute stringent green manufacturing technologies. There is a need to investigate the different available tools in high-speed micro-milling process to achieve desired burr free with good surface finish on super alloys without using traditional coolants. In machining of titanium and its alloys, because of low thermal conductivity and reactivity with tool materials instigate the burr formation on work material and lowers the tool performance. The main objective of this article is to investigate the top burr formation in high-speed micro-end milling of alpha + beta-titanium alloy-grade 23 ELI (Ti-6Al-4V) under dry cutting conditions using Uncoated and physical vapor deposition coated AlTiN, TiAlN tungsten carbide end mills. Machining performance of the three cutting tools was compared. From the comparison of cutting tools for machining titanium alloy-grade 23, it is found that coated TiAlN tools produce less burr formation than coated AlTiN and uncoated tungsten carbide tools.     

The Effect of Argon-Enriched Environment in High-Speed Machining of Titanium Alloy

A major factor hindering the machinability of titanium alloys is their tendency to react with most cutting tool materials, thereby encouraging solution wear during machining. Machining in an inert environment is envisaged to minimize chemical reaction at the tool-chip and tool-workpiece interfaces when machining commercially available titanium alloys at higher cutting conditions. This article presents the results of machining trials carried out with uncoated carbide (ISO K10 grade) tools in an argon-enriched environment at cutting conditions typical of finish turning operations. Comparative trials were carried out at the same cutting conditions under conventional coolant supply. Results of the machining trials show that machining in an argon-enriched environment gave lower tool life relative to conventional coolant supply. Nose wear was the dominant tool-failure mode in all the cutting conditions investigated. Argon is a poor conductor of heat; thus, heat generated during machining tends to concentrate in the cutting region and accelerate tool wear. Argon also has poor lubrication characteristics, leading to increasing friction at the cutting interfaces during machining and an increase in cutting forces required for efficient shearing of the workpiece.     

Lathe Turning of Titanium Using Pulsed Laser Deposited, Ultra-Hard Boride Coatings of Carbide Inserts

Despite several years of research and development, titanium machining remains a challenging task that is currently carried out by the use of straight WC/Co and polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools. Commercially available coated tools tend to react chemically with titanium, while ceramic tools suffer from chipping and notching. Advancements in cutting tools, particularly coated carbides, are needed to reduce tool wear in machining of titanium alloys. In this work, a recently developed, ultra-hard AlMgB₁₄-20%TiB₂ composite material was applied as a coating on WC/6%Co tool inserts by a pulsed laser (excimer) deposition technique. The coating was smooth, continuous, and fairly uniform in thickness. The average coating thickness was 0.7 μm for a deposition rate of 0.08 nm per pulse. Nanoindentation tests revealed that the hardness of the coating was approximately twice that of the WC/6%Co substrate. Dry machining tool wear tests, conducted with a CNC lathe by turning bar stocks of heat-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy, showed that the coated tools outperformed uncoated tools by about two times in flank and nose wears and performed nearly same as that of the commercially available TiAlN coated tool. Detailed analysis of worn tools revealed that the wear mechanisms are quite different in coated tools and are similar to those observed in PCD tools. Results agree well with the general observation that a stable, strong adherent layer forms at the interface between the tool and the chip and minimizes the dissolution-diffusion wear mechanism.     

Comparative investigation on using cryogenic machining in CNC milling of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy

Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is one of the most important materials in industry, 80% of which is used in aerospace industry. Titanium alloys are also notoriously difficult-to-machine materials owing to their unique material properties imposing a major bottleneck in manufacturing systems. Cryogenic cooling has been acknowledged as an alternative technique in machining to improve the machinability of different materials. Although milling is considered to be the major machining operation for the manufacture of titanium components in aerospace industries, studies in cryogenic machining of titanium alloys are predominantly concentrated on turning operations. To address this gap, this article provides an investigation on the viability of cryogenic cooling in CNC end-milling of aerospace-grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy using liquid nitrogen in comparison with traditional machining environments. A series of machining experiments were conducted and surface roughness, tool life, power consumption, and specific machining energy were investigated for cryogenic milling as opposed to conventional dry and flood cooling. Analysis revealed that cryogenic machining using liquid nitrogen has the potential to significantly improve the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in CNC end-milling using solid carbide cutting tools and result in a paradigm shift in machining of titanium products. The analysis demonstrated that cryogenic cooling has resulted in almost three times increased tool life and the surface roughness was reduced by 40% in comparison with flood cooling.     

Analysis of tool wear patterns in finishing turning of Inconel 718

This paper focuses on the analysis of tool wear mechanisms in finishing turning of Inconel 718, one of the most used Ni alloys, both in wet and dry cutting. Cemented carbides, ceramics and CBN tools are suitable for machining Ni alloys; coated carbide tools are competitive for machining operations of Ni alloys and widely used in industry. Commercial coated carbide tools (multilayer coating TiAl/TiAlN recommended for machining Ni alloys) were studied in this work. The feasibility of two inserts tested for dry cutting of Inconel 718 has been shown in the work. Experimental test were performed in order to analyze wear patterns evolution. It was found great influence of side cutting edge angle in tool wear mode.