L-型钙通道阻滞剂对心肌细胞钙稳态的影响

目的:观察L-型钙通道阻滞对心肌细胞的影响.方法:取SD大鼠颈部脱臼处死后浸人75%乙醇数秒,迅速开胸摘取心脏,置人盛有37℃预热的台氏液100ml的培养皿中.在超净工作台上用台式液清洗并修剪掉结缔组织,迅速行主动脉插管.将心脏悬挂于Langendroff灌流装置上,剪下心室并剪成约1mm3,的组织块,放人37℃预热的含0.2mmol/L Ca2+台氏液20ml的培养皿中,将心室在溶液中轻轻晃动以分散已解离的心室肌细胞.新分离的细胞在常温下放置1-2h后,用加样器取带少许细胞的原液放人试管中,加人指示剂,给予正常细胞外液灌流,测全细胞胞内钙瞬变作为前对照组;给予硝苯地平溶液灌流,测全细胞胞内钙瞬变作为实验组;给予正常细胞外液灌流,测全细胞胞内钙瞬变作为后对照组.结果:不同浓度的硝苯地平对静息状态下心室肌细胞胞内钙信号的影响都不明显,仅10umol/L硝苯地平可能使静息状态下心室肌细胞胞内钙水平轻微降低,更高浓度的硝苯地平的效果反而减弱.不同浓度的硝苯地平都能不同程度降低心室肌细胞胞内钙瞬变的峰值(P<0.05),5umol/L硝苯地平的标准化值最低,降低心室肌细胞胞内钙瞬变峰值的效果比2umol/L硝苯地平明显(P<0.05).但是10umol/L硝苯地平、50umol/L的硝苯地平的降低心室肌细胞胞内钙瞬变峰值的效果反而减弱.结论:硝苯地平可以抑制大鼠心室肌细胞的电流.但是,硝苯地平对于静息状态下的心室肌细胞胞内钙信号的影响不明显,可能与硝苯地平只对去极化过程的I(Ca)2+、Ito和Ik有抑制作用有关.     

尾加压素Ⅱ对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流的影响

目的 研究尾加压素Ⅱ(UⅡ)对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流(Ica-L)的影响。方法 利用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察给予不同浓度的UⅡ灌流后,大鼠心室肌细胞Ica-L的变化。结果 运用全细胞膜片钳技术,在单个心室肌细胞上给予不同浓度的UⅡ(10-9～10-5mol/L)灌流5min后,Ica-L峰值下降分别为(6.7±1.8)pA/pF,(5.9±2.0)pA/pF,(5.4±2.2)pA/pF,(4.5±2.0)pA/pF,(3.8±1.8)pA/pF,与对照组(8.0±1.2)pA/pF相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 UⅡ呈浓度依赖性地抑制大鼠心室肌细胞Ica-L强度;UⅡ可能通过抑制心室肌细胞Ica-L而发挥其心功能抑制作用。     

昆明小鼠心室肌细胞分离方法及动作电位、L型钙通道电流记录

目的 探讨耐钙昆明小鼠心室肌细胞的急性分离方法及AP、L型钙通道电流的记录。方法 采用三步灌流法灌流,首先灌流无钙台氏液,再换成含Ⅱ型胶原酶0.1 mg.ml_-1、胰蛋白酶0.01 mg.ml_-1、牛血清白蛋白0.2mg.ml_-1的无钙台氏液灌流,消化液灌流期间,每隔5min加入20μl 的20mM CaCl₂,以观察流出液是否有单个心肌细胞来判断消化终点,最后灌流含1 mg.ml_-1牛血清白蛋白的KB液,采用全细胞膜片钳记录方式记录到动作电位及L型钙通道电流。结果 可获得80～90%杆状心肌细胞,复钙后,仍有60%细胞保持静止,细胞表面干净整洁,折光性强,边缘和横纹清晰,立体感强获得60%左右的耐钙心室肌细胞,并记录到典型的AP、L型钙通道电流。结论 该分离方法分离的细胞具有耐钙性和正常电生理特性。     

比较布比卡因和罗哌卡因对大鼠心室肌细胞Ca2+移动的影响

目的:应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察不同浓度的布比卡因和罗哌卡因对大鼠心室肌细胞Ca2 移动的影响,比较它们的心肌毒性。方法:原代培养新生SD大鼠的心室肌细胞,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察心室肌细胞内钙荧光强度的变化,比较不同浓度的布比卡因和罗哌卡因对KCl诱导的荧光强度峰值的影响。结果:10μmol/L时两种局麻药对KCl诱导的大鼠心室肌细胞内钙荧光强度的变化无显著影响;50μmol/L和100μmol/L时两种局麻药明显抑制细胞内钙荧光强度的变化;相同浓度的布比卡因抑制作用大于罗哌卡因。结论:同浓度布比卡因对心室肌细胞Ca2 移动的抑制作用大于罗哌卡因,表明布比卡因心肌毒性大于罗哌卡因。     

Liguzinediol的正性肌力作用机制及心脏安全性

目的探索Liguzinediol(LZDO)对正常大鼠离体心脏正性肌力作用的机制,并评价其心脏安全性。方法①大鼠离体心脏实验:按照灌流液(空白对照)→LZDO 100μmol.L-1→洗脱的顺序灌流,持续5 min并于灌流5 min末记录大鼠离体心脏左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP)、左室内压最大上升/降速率(±dp/dtmax)及心率(HR)。②豚鼠在体和离体实验:在体实验按照生理盐水→LZDO 1.7 g.kg-1的顺序经颈外静脉缓慢推注,持续5 min,于每次处理后5 min记录5只豚鼠心电图。离体实验按照灌流液(空白对照)→LZDO 300μmol.L-1的顺序灌流,持续5 min,于灌流5 min末记录豚鼠离体心脏心电图。分析P-R间期和心率校正QT间期(QTc间期)。③膜片钳全细胞法记录细胞膜离子通道电流:按照灌流液(空白对照)→尼莫地平2μmol.L-1顺序灌流左心室肌细胞,记录电流。灌流液(空白对照)→LZDO100μmol.L-1的顺序灌流,于灌流5 min末记录其5个细胞的L型钙电流。另两组实验按照灌流液(空白对照)→LZDO 1→10→100→300μmol.L-1的顺序灌流,于灌流5 min末记录hNav1.5和hERG电流。④激光共聚焦方法测定左心室心肌细胞的钙释放量:按照灌流液(空白对照))→LZDO 100μmol.L-1的顺序灌流,于灌流2 min和30 min末记录心肌细胞钙释放量。结果①大鼠离体心脏实验:尼莫地平1μmol.L-1和rethenium red 5μmol.L-1均能完全阻断LZDO 100μmol.L-1的正性肌力作用。②豚鼠在体和离体心电图实验:豚鼠在体给予LZDO 1.7 g.kg-1或豚鼠离体心脏灌流LZDO 300μmol.L-1后,P-R及QTc间期并没有显著性改变。③细胞膜离子通道电流实验:LZDO 100μmol.L-1未能显著地增加大鼠左心室肌细胞的L型钙电流;LZDO 1,10,100和300μmol.L-1未能显著地改变hNav1.5和hERG电流。④激光共聚焦测定左心室心肌细胞钙释放实验:LZDO 100μmol.L-1显著增加左心室心肌细胞钙释放,于2 min末钙释放量达到最大值,并能维持到30 min(P<0.05)。结论 LZDO对L型钙通道无直接作用,LZDO是通过作用肌浆网钙释放来起到正性肌力作用的;LZDO在体1.7 g.kg-1或离体300μmol.L-1无致心律失常的作用。     

茶黄素对大鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙浓度的影响

目的研究茶黄素对大鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙浓度([Ca2+]i)的影响并探讨其可能机制。方法用激光共聚焦显微镜探测细胞内游离钙浓度,结果用相对荧光强度((FI-FI0)/FI0,%;FI0:对照;FI:给药)表示。结果①茶黄素(10,20,40μmol.L-1)对正常台氏液中心肌细胞内游离钙浓度没有影响,却可浓度依赖性地降低模拟缺血液中心室肌细胞[Ca2+]i的增加。②预先应用L型钙通道开放剂Bay k8644,可大部分取消茶黄素(20μmol.L-1)在模拟缺血液中的作用。③茶黄素(20μmol.L-1)能明显抑制无钙台氏液中由低浓度ryanodine引起的[Ca2+]i增加。④当细胞外液钙浓度由1 mmol.L-1增加到10 mmol.L-1而诱发心室肌细胞钙超载时,部分心室肌细胞产生可传播的钙波,茶黄素(20μmol.L-1)可降低钙波发生的频率和持续时间,最终阻断钙波并降低[Ca2+]i。结论茶黄素可抑制电压门控性钙通道的外钙内流和减少肌浆网的内钙释放从而降低[Ca2+]i。     

山莨菪碱对A_(23187)诱导的血小板内游离钙升高的影响

应用Quin-2测得含有1mmol/L CaCl_2和2mmol/L EGTA的介质中血小板内静息游离钙浓度为52.1±5.2nmol/L和28.4±5.1nmol/L。A_(23187)诱导的血小板在有钙或无钙时胞浆游离钙增加的峰值分别为145.8±30.8nmol/L和34.4±2.4nmol/L,山莨菪碱对静息游离钙和无外源钙时A_(23187)刺激的游离钙无影响,山莨菪碱(100μmol/L,25μmol/L)、维拉帕米(10μmol/L)分别降低有外源钙时A_(23187)诱导的游离钙峰值38%、34%、25%。山莨菪碱具有钙拮抗作用。     

六肽FRCRSFa对大鼠心室肌Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换的抑制(英文)

目的:研究六肽FRCRSFa对大鼠心室肌细胞Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换的作用及其特异性.方法:用膜片箝全细胞记录法测定Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换电流(I_(Na Ca~(2 ))及其它离子通道电流.结果:六肽FRCRSFa对大鼠心室肌细胞Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换呈剂量依赖性抑制,内向和外向I_(Na~ Ca~(2 ))的IC_(50)分别是2μmol/L和4μmol/L.FRCRSFa 5μmol/L对L型钙电流,门控钠电流、瞬时外向钾电流和内向整流钾电流均无显著抑制作用.结论:FRCRSFa是一个对Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换选择性较高的抑制剂,对研究心肌细胞Na~ /Ca~(2 )交换具有较高价值.     

牛磺酸镁对缺氧/复氧致大鼠心肌细胞钙离子通道异常的影响

目的观察牛磺酸镁配合物(taurine magnesium coordination compound,TMCC)对缺氧/复氧损伤所致大鼠心室细胞异常L-型钙电流(ICa,L)的影响,以探讨其抗心律失常作用机制。方法酶解法分离大鼠单个心室肌细胞,应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录低(100μmol·L-1)、中(200μmol·L-1)、高(400μmol·L-1)3个浓度的牛磺酸镁及胺碘酮(24.24μmol·L-1)对缺氧/复氧大鼠心室细胞ICa,L的影响。结果缺氧/复氧使大鼠心室肌细胞ICa,L峰值从(3.35±0.50)pA/pF增大到(5.69±0.25)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01),TMCC(100、200、400μmol·L-1)可使缺氧/复氧损伤模型增大的ICa,L峰值分别恢复到(5.28±0.18)pA/pF(n=6,P>0.05)、(4.41±0.22)pA/pF、(3.82±0.21)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01)。24.24μmol·L-1胺碘酮使其恢复为(3.66±0.27)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01)。与正常对照组相比,缺氧/复氧使钙激活曲线左移,激活加快,失活曲线右移,失活减慢,TMCC(200、400μmol·L-1)和胺碘酮(24.24μmol·L-1)可恢复左移的激活曲线,使激活减慢,恢复右移的失活曲线,使失活加快。结论 TMCC可通过促进钙通道的失活以及抑制钙通道的激活过程,浓度依赖性地恢复缺氧/复氧损伤引起的钙电流增大,其作用与胺碘酮相当,TMCC对钙电流的抑制作用可能是其发挥抗心律失常的机制之一。     

胞内钙参与低渗性膜牵引起豚鼠胃窦环行肌细胞毒蕈碱受体门控电流增加的过程

目的：研究在低渗性膜牵张引起豚鼠胃窦环行肌细胞卡巴胆碱诱发的毒蕈碱受体门控电流（ICCh)增加过程中胞内钙的作用。方法：采用传统全细胞膜片箝技术,对以胶原酶急性分离的单细胞进行低渗灌流,观察ICCh的变化。结果：低渗性膜牵张明显增强ICCh;ICCh阻断剂奎尼丁3μmol/L完全抑制ICCh和低渗膜牵张引起的ICCh增强效应;胞外无钙状态下低渗膜牵张引起的ICCh增强效应完全被抑制,但是单纯钙通道阻断剂尼卡地平5μmol/L或牵张刺激敏感阳离子通道阻断剂氯化钆100nmol/L不能阻断;同时用尼卡地平和氯化钆处理能够完全阻断低渗膜牵张引起的ICCh增强效应;用钙引发钙释放受体激动剂ryanodine处理也完全阻断低渗膜牵张引起的ICCh增强效应。结论：低渗性膜牵张增强ICCh,这种增强效应与胞外钙进入胞内并诱发钙引起的钙库释放有关。     

染料木黄酮对豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞L型钙通道的影响(英文)

目的研究酪氨酸激酶抑制剂染料木黄酮(GST)对豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞L型钙通道电流的作用。方法木瓜蛋白酶法分离单个豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞,应用全细胞式膜片钳技术记录L型钙通道电流。结果 GST(10 ~100μmo·lL-1)浓度依赖性地阻断L型钙通道电流,其作用可被洗脱,半数有效抑制浓度为(39.9±3.6)μmol·L-1。GST可使L型钙通道的稳态失活曲线向超极化方向左移约10 mV(P<0.01),对其斜率没有影响。GST的无活性拟似物大豆异黄酮对L型钙通道电流的作用明显小于GST。酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂原钒酸钠可阻断GST对钙通道电流的抑制作用。结论 GST可通过酪氨酸激酶途径抑制豚鼠结肠平滑肌L型钙通道。     

大黄素对豚鼠胆囊平滑肌L型钙电流的调节

目的研究大黄素对豚鼠胆囊肌条收缩及L型钙电流的调节。方法取成年豚鼠,分离胆囊肌条,使用张力传感器记录胆囊肌条的收缩活动。采用酶消化法急性分离豚鼠胆囊平滑肌细胞,使用全细胞膜片钳技术记录L型钙电流。结果预先加入硝苯地平,大黄素对胆囊肌条的收缩效应明显减弱。大黄素增加胆囊平滑肌细胞L型钙电流,呈浓度依赖性。与正常对照组相比,10μmol·L-1大黄素明显增强+10mV时L型钙电流幅度的(45.2±2.26)%(P<0.05)。预先加入PKC抑制剂十字孢碱,大黄素对钙电流的调节基本被抑制。结论大黄素可通过PKC途径增强胆囊平滑肌L型钙电流,从而促进胆囊平滑肌收缩。     

肿瘤坏死因子α对大鼠心室肌细胞钙转运的影响

AIM: To study the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on calcium movement in rat ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Intracellular free Ca2+ concentration was measured with calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM and laser confocal microscope. L-type calcium current (ICa,L) was recorded with the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp techniques. RESULTS: At 2, 20 and 200 microg/L, TNF-alpha was found to increase intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in a dose-dependent manner illustrated by the increment of calcium fluorescence density with laser confocal microscope. Nicardipine 0.5 micromol/L slightly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced response. When the cardiac myocytes were exposed to caffeine (100 mmol/L) for 30 min, TNF-alpha failed to induce any change of intracellular free calcium. However, it was found that TNF-alpha inhibited I(Ca,L) in whole-cell patch-clamp experiments. At 2, 20, and 200 microg/L, TNF-alpha decreased peak I(Ca,L) by 3.9 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.9 pA/pF+/-0.2 pA/pF, n=9, P>0.05), 15.7 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.3 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF, n=9, P<0.05) and 19.6 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.1 pA/pF+/-0.4 pA/pF, n=9, P<0.01), respectively. It shifted the steady-state inactivation curve of I(Ca,L) to the left (V1/2 shifted from -28.7 mV+/-0.3 mV to -37.8 mV+/-1.4 mV, n=7, P<0.05), while it took no effects on steady-state activation and recovery from inactivation. CONCLUSION: TNF-alpha inhibited I(Ca,L) in rat ventricular myocytes, while increasing the intercellular free Ca2+ level due to the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.     

Sulfur dioxide derivatives depress L-type calcium channel in rat cardiomyocytes

1. Sulfur dioxide (SO(2) ) has recently been found to have various biological effects on the cardiovascular system. The present study was designed to explore the effects of SO(2) derivatives on the L-type calcium current (I (Ca, L) ) in isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. 2. A Langendorf system was used to dissociate single ventricular cells. SO(2) derivatives from 5 to 1000 μmol/L were incubated with cardiomyocytes. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record I (Ca, L) . The effect of SO(2) derivatives on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+) ](i) ) was detected by confocal microscopy. 3. Concentrations of 5 or 10 μmol/L SO(2) derivatives could not change I (Ca, L) evoked by a single pulse from -40 to 0 mV for 200 ms in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes; however, 50, 100, 500 or 1000 μmol/L SO(2) derivatives could depress the peak amplitudes of calcium currents in 6 min, and the I (Ca, L) was attenuated by 13.19%, 16.59%, 21.23% and 24.72%, respectively, as compared with corresponding controls (P < 0.05). The 50, 100, 500 or 1000 μmol/L SO(2) derivatives also depressed the peak I-V curves, without altering the reversal potential and the voltage dependence of the peak I (Ca, L) . Therefore, 1000 μmol/L SO(2) derivatives could reduce [Ca(2+) ](i) in cardiomyocytes. 4. The results of the present study suggest that SO(2) derivatives can depress I (Ca, L) in cardiomyocytes, which might have a protective effect in cardiovascular diseases.     

银杏酮酯对缺血豚鼠心室肌细胞Ⅰ_(Ca-L)和游离钙的影响

目的观察银杏酮酯GBE50对模拟缺血游离豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流和游离钙浓度的影响,探讨GBE50抗心肌缺血的作用机制。方法应用单酶酶解法分离游离单个豚鼠心室肌细胞,采用膜片钳全细胞记录心室肌细胞L型钙电流,通过激光共聚焦显微镜扫描测定细胞内游离钙浓度的动态变化。结果缺血抑制豚鼠心室肌细胞的ICa-L(n=9,P<0.01),使豚鼠心室肌细胞内游离钙增加(n=10,P<0.01),而50mg·mL-1GBE50减轻缺血对ICa-L的抑制效应(n=6,P>0.05),减少缺血后心室肌细胞内游离钙浓度的增加(n=10,P>0.05)。结论GBE50可减轻心肌缺血区域与非缺血区域电生理的异质性,维持缺血后豚鼠心肌细胞电生理的稳定性,并减轻缺血后心肌细胞内钙超载介导的心肌损伤。     

Insulin improves cardiomyocyte contractile function through enhancement of SERCA2a activity in simulated ischemia/reperfusion

AIM: Insulin exerts anti-apoptotic effects in both cardiomyocytes and coronary endothelial cells following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) via the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase survival signal pathway. This important insulin signaling might further contribute to the improvement of cardiac function after reperfusion. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (SERCA2a) is involved in the insulin-induced improvement of cardiac contractile function following I/R. METHODS: Ventricular myocytes were enzymatically isolated from adult SD rats. Simulated I/R was induced by perfusing cells with chemical anoxic solution for 15 min followed by reperfusion with Tyrode's solution with or without insulin for 30 min. Myocyte shortening and intracellular calcium transients were assessed and underlying mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS: Reperfusion with insulin (10(-7) mol/L) significantly improved the recovery of contractile function (n=15-20 myocytes from 6-8 hearts, P<0.05), and increased calcium transients, as evidenced by the increased calcium [Ca2+] fluorescence ratio, shortened time to peak Ca2+ and time to 50% diastolic Ca2+, compared with those in cells reperfused with vehicle (P<0.05). In addition, Akt phosphorylation and SERCA2a activity were both increased in insulin-treated I/R cardiomyocytes, which were markedly inhibited by pretreatment of cells with a specific Akt inhibitor. Moreover, inhibition of Akt activity abolished insulin-induced positive contractile and calcium transients responses in I/R cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrated for the first time that insulin improves the recovery of contractile function in simulated I/R cardiomyocytes in an Akt-dependent and SERCA2a-mediated fashion.     

Blockade of L-type calcium channel in myocardium and calcium-induced contractions of vascular smooth muscle by CPU 86017

AIM: To assess the blockade by CPU 86017 on the L-type calcium channels in the myocardium and on the Ca^2 -related contractions of vascular smooth muscle. METHODS: The whole-cell patch-clamp was applied to investigate the blocking effect of CPU 86017 on the L-type calcium current in isolated guinea pig myocytes and contractions by KCl or phenylephrine (Phe) of the isolated rat tail arteries were measured. RESULTS: Suppression of the L-type current of the isolated myocytes by CPU 86017 was moderate, in time- and concentration-dependent manner and with no influence on the activation and inactivation curves. The IC50 was 11.5 μmol/L. Suppressive effect of CPU 86017 on vaso-contractions induced by KCl 100 mmol/L, phenylephrine 1 μmol/Lin KH solution (phase 1),Ca^2 free KH solution ( phase 2), and by addition of CaCl2 into Ca^2 -free KH solution (phase 3) were observed. The IC50 to suppress vaso-contractions by calcium entry via the receptor operated channel (ROC) and Voltage-dependent channel (VDC) was 0.324μmol/L and 16.3μmol/L, respectively. The relative potency of CPU 86017 to suppress vascular tone by Ca^2 entry through ROC and VDC is 1/187 of prazosin and 1/37 of verapamil, respectively.CONCLUSION: The blocking effects of CPU 86017 on the L-type calcium channel of myocardium and vessel are moderate and non-selective. CPU 86017 is approximately 50 times more potent in inhibiting ROC than VDC.     

Emodin increases Ca(2+) influx through L-type Ca(2+) channel in guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle

Emodin is known to be used in the treatment of cholesterol stones and cholecystitis. This study sought to investigate the effects of emodin on the contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle (GBSM), intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and L-type calcium current in GBSM cells. Gallbladder muscle strips were obtained from adult guinea pigs and the resting tension was recorded. Gallbladder smooth muscle cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion. Cells were loaded with fluo-3/AM and [Ca(2+)](i) was determined by a laser confocal microscope. Calcium current was recorded by the whole-cell patch clamp method. Emodin increased the resting tension of GBSM strips in a dose-dependent manner. Emodin elevated [Ca(2+)](i) in GBSM cells, and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with nifedipine. In addition, Emodin increased L-type calcium current at concentrations of 1 to 30 microM (at +10 mV, 10 microM, 45.1+/-5.2% compared to control, EC(50) =3.11 microM). In the presence of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, Staurosporine, emodin did not significantly affect the calcium current. However, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate mimicked emodin in enhancement of the calcium current. These results suggest that emodin promotes gallbladder contraction by increasing Ca(2+) influx through L-type calcium channel via PKC pathway.     

Effects of thienopyridines and thienopyrimidinones on L-type calcium current in isolated cardiomyocytes

Thienopyridines (ticlopidine, clopidogrel) are frequently used drugs in antiplatelet therapy and have been shown to exert a more pronounced negative inotropic effect than thienopyrimidinones. We hypothesized that these differences are due to a differential impact of thienopyridines and thienopyrimidinones on L-type calcium current at the single-cell level. The effects of thienopyridines and thienopyrimidinones were studied on L-type calcium current and action potential parameters with the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in isolated myocytes from guinea pig ventricle and human atrial appendage. Ticlopidine showed the greatest impact on the L-type calcium current in guinea pig myocytes. It significantly reduced L-type calcium current density as well as shifted half maximal inactivation potential to more negative potentials compared to clopidogrel (at 30 μmol/L) and to all thienopyrimidinones (30 and 100 μmol/L). Clopidogrel significantly reduced the L-type calcium current density as well as shifted the half maximal inactivation potential to more negative potentials compared to all thienopyrimidinones at 100 μmol/L only. In contrast, thienopyrimidinones did not affect L-type calcium current properties. The significant different effects of thienopyridines and thienopyrimidinones could also be demonstrated in human atrial myocytes. The more pronounced negative inotropic effect of thienopyridines is well explained by our results demonstrating a differential impairment of L-type calcium current by thienopyridines and thienopyrimidinones. L-type calcium current impairment by thienopyridines may be of special relevance for patients with cardiac diseases characterized by ionic remodelling.     

Effects of neuropeptide Y on L-type calcium current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.

1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) reduces cell shortening at high concentrations in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. We have studied the effects of the peptide on calcium current in cardiac myocytes. 2. We have recorded L-type calcium current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes under conditions in which the effects of other overlapping currents have been minimised by using Na(+)-free, K(+)-free external solution and patch-clamp electrodes containing Cs+. 3. Peak inward calcium current is reduced by NPY at concentrations in excess of 1 nM, and maximal inhibition (31%) was found at and above concentrations of 100 nM. The IC50 value for NPY inhibition of peak calcium current was 1.72 nM. 4. NPY had no effect on the voltage-dependence of calcium current amplitude, on the time course of current inactivation, or on the voltage-dependence of the steady-state gating variables. 5. NPY did not reduce the calcium current in the presence of 8-Br-cyclic AMP, and it was also without effect when GTP-gamma-S or GDP-beta-S were included in the patch pipette. 6. We conclude that in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes NPY acts at low concentration to reduce L-type calcium current, via a G-protein-mediated pathway and reduction in intracellular cyclic AMP.