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1.
目的   评价眼动及前庭功能检查对后循环梗死(posterior circulation Infarction,PCI)患者的诊断价值。方法  纳入22例PCI患者,收集其临床基线资料,包括性别、年龄、首发症状、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒史及入院体征等相关指标。患者均行眼动检查:包括凝视试验(gaze test,GT)、扫视试验(saccade test,ST)、平滑跟踪试验(smooth pursuit test,SPT)、视动眼震检查(optokinetic nystagmus test,OPK);前庭功能检查:包括自发眼震(spontaneous nystagmus,SN)、摇头试验(head shaking test,HST)、固视抑制检查,上述检查均应用眼震视图仪(videonystagmograph,VNG)进行记录。结果  共纳入22例PCI患者,首发症状:15例(68.2%)为头晕/眩晕,7例(31.8%)为肢体无力麻木。眼动检查提示:异常19例(86.4%),其中GT异常4例(18.2%),ST异常11例(50.0%),SPT异常15例(68.2%),OPK异常12例(54.5%)。前庭功能检查提示:22例完成SN检查,其中SN阳性8例(36.4%),包括小脑梗死4例,脑桥梗死3例,左侧延髓背外侧、双侧小脑半球及蚓部梗死1例;17例完成HST检查,其中HST阳性6例(35.3%),包括小脑梗死2例,脑桥梗死2例,小脑及脑桥梗死1例,右侧小脑及延髓上段梗死1例;19例完成固视抑制检查,其中固视抑制失败8例(42.1%),包括双侧小脑梗死1例,脑桥梗死4例,左侧延髓梗死1例,右侧小脑及延髓上段梗死1例,左侧延髓背外侧、双侧小脑半球及蚓部梗死1例。以头晕/眩晕为首发症状的患者与以肢体无力、麻木为首发症状的患者相比,眼动及固视抑制检查阳性率高(P分别为0.023和0.045)。结论  小脑、延髓梗死的患者常以头晕/眩晕起病;眼动检查有助于筛查PCI患者;小脑梗死患者的病灶侧别常与自发、摇头眼震的水平成分一致;脑桥梗死患者HST后可诱发下跳眼震;脑桥、延髓梗死患者常固视抑制失败。  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨前庭中枢性眩晕和前庭周围性眩晕患者视频眼震图(videonystagmography,VNG)的参数特点。方法 收集2011年3~12月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科住院的69例后循环缺血所致前庭中枢性眩晕患者和眩晕会诊中心就诊的108例前庭周围性眩晕(梅尼埃病12例、良性阵发性位置性眩晕96例)患者的临床资料,分析并比较其VNG参数特点和临床特征。结果 69例前庭中枢性眩晕患者和108例前庭周围性眩晕患者相比,临床特点:男性多见(P<0.001),年龄更大(P=0.009),病程更短(P<0.001),更多出现视物成双(P<0.001)、偏身麻木无力(P<0.001)、言语不利(P<0.001)等症状,较少出现耳蜗症状(P=0.021),眩晕持续时间更长(P<0.001),发病多与体位改变无关(P<0.001);VNG参数特点:视跟踪异常(40.6% vs 0.9%,P<0.001)、定标试验异常(13.0% vs 0.0%,P<0.001)、视动试验异常(10.1% vs 0.0%,P=0.003)、凝视试验异常(10.1% vs 0.0%,P=0.003)、自发性眼震(8.7% vs 0.0%,P=0.007)或位置性眼震(8.7% vs 0.0%,P=0.007)发生比例前庭中枢性眩晕组高于前庭周围性眩晕组;而变位试验阳性(14.5% vs 74.1%,P<0.001)前庭中枢性眩晕组低于前庭周围性眩晕组。结论 VNG参数特点能客观地反映前庭中枢性眩晕和前庭周围性眩晕患者的眼震情况,结合临床特征有助于前庭系统性眩晕的定位诊断。  相似文献   

3.
良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)是最常见的前庭功能障碍性疾病,约占周围性眩晕的17% ~ 20%[1],发病年龄多见于50 ~ 70岁,发病率随年龄的增加而增加,女∶男约为(1.5 ~3)∶1[2].BPPV以特定头位引起发作性眩晕及眼球震颤为典型表现,具有5个特征:(1)潜伏期:头位变化1~5s后出现眩晕及眼震;(2)旋转性:眩晕具明显的旋转感,患者视物有旋转感或闭目有自身旋转感;(3)短暂性:眩晕持续不到1 min可自行停止;(4)转换性:头位返回到初始位置可再次诱发眩晕;(5)疲劳性:多次头位变化后,眩晕症状逐渐减轻.除眩晕外,患者还有平衡失调,伴有特征性眼球震颤[3].  相似文献   

4.
眩晕与脑血管疾病   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
眩晕症状是目前医学界所面临的一个很有挑战性的课题,这主要是因为它无法客观定义和测量,难以诊断和治疗.眩晕是最常见的临床综合征,是患对空间定向感觉的主观体会错误,是一种自身或外界物体的运动性幻觉或自觉的平衡障碍.  相似文献   

5.
目的比较前庭性偏头痛(VM)和健康受试者的眼震视图(VNG)表现,明确VNG检查在VM中的诊断价值.方法前瞻性连续纳入2018年8月至2019年8月在新乡医学院附属人民医院神经内科就诊的VM患者55例和体检中心健康受试者45例,所有患者及健康受试者在条件允许下行VNG检查,包括视动性试验(扫视试验、平稳跟踪试验、视动性试验)、前庭功能试验(温度试验、摇头眼震)、自发性眼震、诱发性眼震检查(静态位置性试验).采用χ^2检验比较两组之间VNG结果的差异.结果VM组与健康受试者组之间人口统计学差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05).扫视试验:VM组有17例(30.9%)异常,健康受试者组异常例数3例(6.7%;χ^2=9.091,P<0.05);平稳跟踪实验:VM组异常20例(36.4%),健康受试者组异常5例(11.1%;χ^2=8.418,P<0.05);视动性眼震检查:VM组异常例数24例(43.6%),健康受试者组异常例数6例(13.3%;χ^2=10.823,P<0.05);温度试验:VM组有13例(23.6%)异常,健康受试者组中异常2例(3.6%;χ^2=7.150,P<0.05);摇头眼震:VM组有11例(20.0%)异常,健康受试者组异常2例(3.6%;χ^2=5.295,P<0.05);自发性眼震检查:VM组中异常10例(18.2%),健康受试者组异常4例(8.9%;χ^2=1.775,P>0.05);静态位置性眼震检查:VM组共有22例(40.0%)异常,健康受试者组中共有7例异常(16.5%;χ^2=7.183,P<0.05).结论VM组的总VNG检查异常率高于健康受试者组,说明VNG检查有助于VM的诊断,且其表现提示VM患者中枢及外周均有损害的迹象.  相似文献   

6.
本文总结了10例以眩晕为首发症状的脑卒中,报导如下:临床资料一、姓别、年龄:男性6例,女性4例,60岁至70岁7例,71岁至80岁3例,年龄均在60至80岁之间。二、病例:10例中小脑缺血性卒中2例,出血性卒中2例,基底节出血2例,双侧基底节缺血1例,多发性腔隙性梗塞2例,小脑后下动  相似文献   

7.
目的 旨在探讨孤立性短暂性眩晕(isolated transient vertigo,ITV)的常见病因构成及床旁识别技巧.方法 从2017年1月-2020年1月在上海市同济医院神经内科诊治的眩晕/头晕患者中,提取每次发作时间<3 min的中老年ITV患者共计424人,按照既定格式收集其临床特征并对病因进行分析,同时使...  相似文献   

8.
导致眩晕的神经外科疾病有颅脑肿瘤、颅脑创伤、脑干或大脑占位性病变,此外蛛网膜下腔出血也可以眩晕为首发症状.颅内肿瘤引起的眩晕,是由于肿瘤直接压迫、浸润和损害前庭神经系统的中枢或周围部分,或肿瘤体积增大,影响了脑脊液的循环致颅内压升高,使第四脑室底部的前庭神经核受刺激或压迫而引起眩晕.常见原因有脑干肿瘤、小脑肿瘤、第四脑室肿瘤、小脑脑桥角肿瘤,其中尤以神经鞘瘤多见.  相似文献   

9.
椎基底动脉供血不足性眩晕患者ENG,BAEP与rCBF的对照研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的 探讨眼震电图(ENG),脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP),局部脑血流(rCBF)地椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)性眩晕的诊断价值,方法 对60例VBI眩晕患者进行ENG,BAEP与rCBF检测,结果 本病ENG异常率为98.4%BAEP异常率58.3%,rCBF异常率国61%,结论 三项检查均为较理想的非创伤性检查,对VBI眩晕的诊断三者相互补充,可提高早期确诊率,并有助于定位诊断。  相似文献   

10.
椎——基底动脉供血不足性眩晕四种检查比较   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的:探讨眼震电图(ENG)、脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、瞬目反射(BR)及脑局部血流量(rCBF)对天底动脉供血不足(VBI)的诊断价值。方法:对66例VBI患者进行ENG、BAEP、BR及rCBF(48例)检测。结果:ENG异常率为92%,BAEP为58%,BR为82%,rCBF为61%。结论:四项检查均 理想的非创性检查,对VBI的诊断相互补充,可提高其早期确诊率,并有助于定位诊断。  相似文献   

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Vertigo and dizziness are common complaints encountered in clinical practice. The patient’s history and a thorough otoneurological evaluation are essential for identifying the specific pathology behind the patient’s complaints. If the patient reports an illusion of movement (vertigo), this most likely indicates an imbalance within the vestibular system. A sensation of rotatory movement together with a spontaneous nystagmus suggests a lesion involving the semicircular canals, while an illusion of linear movement indicates a disturbance of the otoliths. Nystagmus of central origin or caused by a peripheral vestibular lesion can usually be distinguished by other features in the history or on clinical examination. While peripheral vestibular lesions usually lead to a mixed horizontal-torsional or vertical-torsional nystagmus, a pure vertical or pure torsional nystagmus is always caused by a central lesion. With simple bedside tests such as head-shaking nystagmus and rapid head impulses deficits in labyrinthine function can clearly be detected. For a more thorough investigation of vestibular function at the level of individual semicircular canals and the otoliths, modern techniques are now available such as three-dimensional eye movement vector analysis for the evaluation of individual semicircular canal function, measurement of the subjective visual vertical for utricular, and click-evoked myogenic potentials for saccular testing. Received: 3 October 1999/Accepted: 7 December 1999  相似文献   

13.
    
《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(7):1372-1379
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN) in unilateral vestibular asymmetry and vestibular schwannoma.MethodsThirteen patients with vestibular schwannoma underwent the VIN test, in which stimulation was applied to the mastoid processes and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of lesions. Preoperative VIN was measured, and changes in VIN were followed up for 6 months after tumor removal. Significance of VIN was determined by evaluation of its sensitivity, correlation with vestibular function tests and tumor volume, and postoperative changes.ResultsThe overall pre and postoperative sensitivities of VIN were 92.3% and 100%, respectively, considering stimulation at all four sites. Maximum slow-phase velocity (MSPV) of VIN was linearly correlated with caloric weakness and tumor volume, especially when stimulation was applied to the SCM muscle. Postoperative MSPV of VIN exhibited stronger linear correlation with postoperative changes in canal paresis value and inverse correlation with tumor size upon stimulation of the ipsilateral SCM muscle than upon stimulation of other sites. During the 6-month follow-up period, persistence of VIN without changes in MSPV was observed even after vestibular compensation.ConclusionsEvoking VIN by stimulation of the mastoid processes and SCM muscles is effective for detecting vestibular asymmetry. It could also help determine the degree of vestibular asymmetry and volume of vestibular schwannoma if stimulation is applied to the SCM muscle.SignificanceThe results of this study could provide clues for the basic application of VIN in patients with vestibular loss and vestibular schwannoma.  相似文献   

14.
Summary Vestibular responses (vertigo, nystagmus-like eye movements) to acoustic stimuli are known as the Tullio phenomenon. Detailed electro-oculographic analysis of this reaction, as observed in a 30-year-old patient, revealed the following: a maximum amplitude of eye movement (mainly vertical) was achieved by sine wave bursts of high intensity, a frequency of 500 to 1000 Hz and a duration of 100 ms. The ocular deviation was composed of a fast initial component, followed by a slower resetting movement that was often divided into two parts of different velocities. At longer stimulus durations (more than 100 ms) the electro-oculagram showed a fractionation of the eye deviation, terminating in an off-response. Various positions of the patient's head influenced the direction of the eye motion. The possibility that the Tullio phenomenon may be due to an abnormal excitation of the statolith organs is discussed.  相似文献   

15.
  总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
An enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) is one of the most commonly identified inner ear bony malformations in children with sensorineural hearing loss of unknown cause. Most previous reports have focused on hearing loss, but individuals with EVA may also experience paroxysmal vertigo lasting minutes to hours. We report the clinical vestibular features and vestibular function testing of two children and one adult with EVA who had a history of sensorineural hearing loss and presented to our Neurotology Clinic for the evaluation of episodic vertigo. All the patients had an antecedent history of profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that had been present since early childhood. The onset of vertigo was delayed into adulthood in one patient. Episodes of vertigo could be triggered by minor head trauma or vigorous physical activity. Despite recurrent episodes of vertigo, vestibular function was normal or moderately impaired compared with the severe auditory deficit. Careful analysis of temporal bone CT demonstrated EVA. Associated enlargement of the membranous endolymphatic sac was evident on brain MRI. While hearing loss is a prominent symptom in patients with EVA, vestibular symptoms may cause referral to a neurologist. Although hearing loss occurs early in childhood, vestibular symptoms can be delayed into adulthood, a finding not previously reported. Received: 11 September 2000, Received in revised form: 13 March 2001, Accepted: 25 March 2001  相似文献   

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《Neurologic Clinics》2019,37(4):695-706
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18.
目的 探讨拉莫三嗪辅助治疗前庭性偏头痛的临床效果及对血清神经递质水平的影响。方法 选择本院2018年4月-2019年7月接诊的前庭性偏头痛患者85例,通过随机数表法分为观察组45例和对照组40例,对照组给予盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊治疗,观察组给予盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊联合拉莫三嗪治疗,均连续治疗2个月,并比较2组临床疗效、眩晕情况、血清神经递质水平的变化及不良反应。结果 治疗2个月后观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(91.11% vs 72.50%)(P<0.05); 观察组眩晕发作次数、每次眩晕严重程度均明显低于对照组,眩晕持续时间明显短于对照组[(2.05±0.47)vs(2.94±0.61)次/月,(2.43±0.63)vs(3.59±0.88)分,(8.76±1.74)vs(10.09±2.11)h](P<0.05); 观察组血清降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、P物质(SP)、内皮素-1(ET-1)水平明显低于对照组[(56.75±8.01)vs(66.42±9.65)ng/L,(162.30±15.42)vs(184.21±17.27)ng/L,(72.30±11.38)vs(88.27±13.47)pg/mL](P<0.05); 2组不良反应总发生率无明显差异[13.33% vs 12.50%](P>0.05)。结论 在氟桂利嗪基础上联合拉莫三嗪辅助治疗前庭性偏头痛的疗效显著,可有效改善血清神经递质表达水平,缓解临床症状,安全性好  相似文献   

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