Tricept机械手静刚度解析建模方法

以Tricept机械手的3自由度球坐标型并联机构为例,提出含恰约束支链的球坐标型并联构型装备静刚度解析建模方法。该方法首先借助子结构综合思想将末端执行器位姿变形分解为无约束主动支链的拉压变形、恰约束支链的弯曲变形及其扭转变形3个部分,然后利用虚功原理和结构矩阵法建立各子结构系统的静柔度模型,最后借助线性叠加原理组集整机末端静柔度模型。在建模过程中,侧重研究恰约束支链弯曲刚度以及铰链刚度的建模方法。在此基础上,考察了Tricept机械手中3自由度并联机构静刚度在工作空间中的变化规律,并借助全局性能指标评价了主要构件柔度对整机柔度的贡献。     

具有内力的3PRS/UPS冗余并联机床刚度分析

冗余结构可以提高并联机床的刚度,冗余机构在运动中由于各支链的误差使得机构会产生干涉内力,旨在研究内力对冗余并联机床刚度的改善作用,为靠内力提高并联机床性能提供理论基础.首先采用能量法推导了3PRS/UPS冗余并联机床的刚度模型,然后对具有内力的3PRS/UPS冗余并联机床刚度进行了分析.最后给出了特定位姿下的两种形式的刚度计算实例.结果表明内力对机床刚度的影响很小.     

并联焊接机械手的静刚度分析

基于ANSYS软件建立并联焊接机械手的有限元模型,分析机构静刚度及模态.根据并联机构的支链和机架的变形,计算该并联机构在工作空间内的刚度分布.分析求解后,导出所需要的数据,在绘图软件中进行绘图,做出更直观的分析结果.静刚度实验表明该模型的有效性.     

冗余驱动支链对3RPS并联机构刚度的改善

在考虑雅可比矩阵变化与动平台姿态偏移之间映射关系的基础上,基于螺旋理论和矢量微分法建立了3RPS并联机构末端位姿偏移与支链构件变形之间的映射模型。首先采用螺旋理论和矢量微分法分析了支链各构件刚度与整个支链刚度之间的关系,然后建立了3RPS并联机构的瞬时刚度模型,并分析了雅可比矩阵的变化对机构刚度的影响。对冗余驱动支链改善并联机构刚度的原理进行了分析,建立了冗余驱动并联机构的整机刚度模型。仿真分析和实验验证,冗余驱动支链确实能够改善并联机构的刚度。     

一种冗余并联机床静刚度有限元分析与优化设计

为了研究并联机床的静刚度,采用有限元法研究了一台冗余并联机床的静刚度,利用UG建立整机三维模型并倒入ABAQUS建立有限元模型,分析了一台冗余并联机床在不同位姿下的刚度.结果表明,冗余并联机床比非冗余并联机床刚度高,整机x,y向刚度低,z向刚度高.为了提高机床x,y向刚度,提出了两种机床机构的改进方法,为机床的设计和优化提供了依据.     

6-UPS并联机床静刚度的有限元分析和实验研究

用有限元方法分析一种6-UPS并联机床的静刚度，基于AN—SYS建立该机床的有限元模型，考虑了并联机床的支链和机架的变形，并利用Matrix27单元来模拟铰链；通过APDL语言实现有限元模型的参数化设计，计算出并联机床在工作空间内的刚度分布。静刚度实验表明了该模型的有效性。通过该有限元模型还可以对并联机床的动态性能做进一步分析。     

Exechon并联模块的静刚度建模与分析*

为研究Exechon并联模块的刚度性能,采用子结构综合方法建立该模块的刚度解析模型。分别采用虚拟关节法和有限元法计入各关节和支链体的柔性,并通过推导动平台和支链装配体间的变形协调方程构建出系统的弹性静力学模型。由系统方程抽取出动平台刚度矩阵,据此预估Exechon并联模块在典型位姿和工作全域内的刚度性能,并将其与有限元仿真结果进行对比。结果表明,所建解析模型具有较高计算精度,可快速预估机构工作全域的刚度特性;Exechon并联模块在工作空间任一截面内的刚度关于x轴对称分布,且沿w方向的刚度受机构位形影响较小。     

大型射电望远镜天线副面调整机构完整刚度模型及微位移分析

基于并联机构的影响系数法和虚功原理构建天线副面调整机构的完整刚度模型。该模型综合考虑主被动关节弹性变形和外力/力矩的影响,且给出二阶影响系数矩阵具体的转置形式。构造单分支支链的轴向线刚度模型,考虑虎克铰和球铰对分支杆轴向刚度的影响。通过引入变动参数求解得到副面调整机构在定平台可动时的完整刚度矩阵,充分解决副面调整机构在空间任意位姿下刚度矩阵的计算问题。通过最简刚度模型、本体刚度模型和整体刚度模型三者对比,绘制副面调整机构在初始位姿下副面调整机构动平台中心随变动参数变化时的微位移曲线,并通过有限元软件验证了结果的正确性。研究内容为大型射电望远镜天线副面调整机构的结构设计与精度补偿奠定重要的理论基础。     

4自由度混联机器人静刚度分析

研究一种新型混联机器人模块-Bicept的半解析刚度建模方法。该模块由一含恰约束支链的2自由度平面并联机构和一与动平台末端串接的2自由度转头构成,是Tricept机器人的一种二维形式,具有制造成本低,工作空间大的特点,配以长行程导轨,可用于飞机壁板数字化自动制孔等场合。在完成2自由度并联机构位置逆解分析和变形分析基础之上,基于全变形雅可比矩阵建立该机构的静刚度半解析模型。建模中考虑了所有支链构件及铰链的弹性贡献,并侧重研究其恰约束支链弯曲刚度的精确建模问题。通过算例获得Bicept机器人面内静刚度在工作空间中的分布规律,并通过ANSYS有限元分析软件验证了计算结果的正确性。     

TriMule与Tricept机器人刚度解析与比对

为分析比对TriMule机器人与Tricept机器人中两种1T2R并联机构的刚度性能,基于旋量理论,通过力/变形雅可比将支链层面的界面刚度矩阵映射为机构末端笛卡尔刚度矩阵,构造出二者的刚度半解析模型。在此基础上,结合两种1T2R并联机构为球坐标机构的构型特点,推导出二者在给定参考位形下切向线柔度特性各向同性条件的显式表达,并提出评价两种机构切向、法向柔度特性的局部与全域刚度性能评价指标。利用该模型,揭示出两种机构中主动与从动支链的夹角对局部和全域刚度性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,对于一组相同的尺度、结构和任务空间参数,两种机构的刚度性能相当,且其局部与全域刚度性能均是强线性相关的,进而可用前者准确地表征后者。     

Improved Stiffness Modeling for An Exechon-Like Parallel Kinematic Machine(PKM) and Its Application

Hole drilling or contour milling for the large and complex workpieces such as automobile panels and aircraft fuselages makes a high combined demand on machining accuracy, stiffness and workspace of machining equipment. Therefore, a 5-DOF(degrees of freedom) parallel kinematic machine(PKM) with redundant constraints is proposed. Based on the kinematics analysis of the parallel mechanism using intermediate variables, the kinematics problems of the PKM are solved through equivalent kinematics model. The structural stiffness matrix method is adopted to model the stiffness of the parallel mechanism of the PKM, where the stiffness of each joint and branch component is obtained by stiffness formula and finite element analysis. And the stiffness model of the parallel mechanism is improved by correction coefficient matrix, each element of which is constructed as a polynomial function of three independent end variables of the parallel mechanism. The terminal stiffness matrices obtained by simulation result are used to determine the coefficients of polynomial function by least square fitting to describe the correction coefficient over the workspace of the parallel mechanism quantitatively. The experiment results prove that the modification method can greatly improve the stiffness model of the parallel mechanism. To enhance the machining accuracy of the PKM, the proposed kinematics model and the improved stiffness model are utilized to optimize the working stiffness of parallel machine by searching the best relative position of parallel machine and workpiece. A plate workpiece taken as example is examined in the case study section, which demonstrates the effectiveness of optimization method.     

LOADS INFLUENCE ANALYSIS ON NOVEL HIGH PRECISION FLEXURE PARALLEL POSITIONER

A large workspace flexure parallel positioner system is developed, which can attain sub-micron scale accuracy over cubic centimeter motion range for utilizing novel wide-range flexure hinges instead of the conventional mechanism joints. Flexure hinges eliminate backlash and friction, but on the other hand their deformation caused by initial loads influences the positioning accuracy greatly, so discussions about loads' influence analysis on this flexure parallel positioner is very necessary. The stiffness model of the whole mechanism is presented via stiffness assembly method based on the stiffness model of individual flexure hinge. And the analysis results are validated by the finite element analysis (FEA) simulation and experiment tests, which provide essential data to the practical application of this positioner system.     

压电驱动超精密加工微定位工作台的设计与研究

设计开发了一种用于超精密加工的新型压电驱动微定位工作台(PBMPM-PZT Based M icro-position ing P lat-form forM ach in ing)。利用力学理论,对柔性铰链和平行铰链运动副进行建模,推导出其刚度理论计算公式。同时,用有限元方法分析了由柔性铰链构建的微定位工作台静、动态特性和振动特性。理论分析、有限元计算和实验结果的一致性说明了理论分析的正确性和数值分析的可靠性。     

Calculation method of radial stress and deformation on conic threaded connections with interference fit

This paper presents a calculation method for radial stress distribution and deformation on conic threaded connections with interference fit. Based on elastic mechanics, a new calculation model is established using the thick-walled-cylindrical theory. A sample calculation for API 88.9 mm conic threaded connection indicates that the method proposed in this paper is reasonable, and the finite element analysis (FEA) method is used to validate the proposed method. The results obtained by the proposed method and FEA method are identical. The model offers a new way of calculating the radial stress and deformation on conic thread connections with interference fit.     

电动轿车车身结构扭转刚度分析

车身刚度是较强度要求更严格的设计指标,尤其是车身扭转刚度指标,它是车身抵抗较恶劣的扭转工况载荷的关键保证指标。文中在对某进口微型电动轿车车身骨架进行有限元分析模型研究的基础上,深入分析其车身结构的扭转刚度,通过其试验分析验证仿真分析模型,并进一步分析该车基础结构的刚度。     

Error analysis and auto-calibration for a Cartesian-guided tripod machine tool

This paper focuses on the error analysis and calibration methodologies for a parallel kinematic machine (PKM) called a Cartesian-guided tripod (CGT). The CGT volumetric error due to the geometric error, kinematic parameter error and nonlinear machine stiffness were studied. It is well known that the PKM nonlinear machine stiffness can produce significant volumetric errors from several tens to several hundreds of micrometres depending on the averaged value and deviation range for the machine stiffness. For most PKMs, joint level sensors are used to estimate the virtual Cartesian movements of the cutting tool. The nonlinear stiffness effect is not detected by this indirect metrology method and must be compensated for by a calibration methodology. A solution for the nonlinear stiffness effect implemented on the CGT involves using a passive Cartesian guiding/metrology leg that is independent of the driving legs to directly measure the Cartesian movement of the motion platform. Because the metrology loop of the Cartesian guiding/metrology leg is separated from the kinematic loops of the driving legs, the volumetric accuracy of the CGT is immunised against thermal errors and load deformations on the drive mechanisms. The passive Cartesian guiding/metrology leg is also used for the auto-calibration of the CGT kinematic parameters. The auto-calibration methodology and simulation results were studied and reported.