超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的诊断价值

目的探讨超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2020-01—2020-08间于郑州大学第二附属医院行手术治疗并经术后病理检查确诊的268例乳腺肿块(318个肿块)患者的临床资料。以术后病理结果为"金标准",分析术前超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的诊断价值。结果本研究318个肿块的病理结果为:恶性结节127个,其中浸润性导管癌87个、浸润性小叶癌16个、腺癌9个、乳头状癌10个、导管内癌5个。良性结节191个,其中乳腺增生89个、纤维腺瘤66个、乳管内乳头状瘤25个、脂肪瘤11个。以病理结果为"金标准",术前依据超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分诊断恶性结节123个,良性结节187个,与病理学结果不符合8个。超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的灵敏度为92.13%,特异性为97.91%,准确率为96.86%。阳性预测值为96.80%,阴性预测值为96.89%。结论超声BI-RADS分级联合弹性评分鉴别乳腺肿块的良恶性,具有较高的灵敏度、特异性、准确率,以及阳性预测值和阴性预测值。可作为临床早期诊断和制订治疗方案的依据。     

乳腺肿块术前超声诊断的评价

目的评价超声检查对乳腺肿块诊断的临床应用价值。方法对经手术病理证实的137例乳腺肿块与超声结果进行了回顾性对比分析。结果良、恶性肿块均以低回声型为主要图像表现;良、恶性两组间在形态、边界、包膜、后方回声、微小钙化斑检出率、血流检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。腋窝转移性淋巴结以淋巴结肿大,内部低回声为声像图特征。结论以二维超声为基础,结合彩色多普勒血流显像以及腋窝淋巴结检查,可提高乳腺肿块的术前诊断符合率。     

UE联合CDFI鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性疾病的价值分析

探讨超声弹性成像(UE)联合彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)鉴别诊断乳腺疾病良恶性的价值。病理学确诊的乳腺癌患者80例(恶性组)、乳腺良性疾病患者80例(良性组),两组患者均接受UE、CDFI检查,对比两组患者乳腺肿块超声特征、UE硬度评分,以病理学检查结果作为准计算两种方法单独及联合应用诊断乳腺癌良恶性疾病的价值。结果显示,恶性组和良性组的肿块形态规则情况、边缘完整性、微钙化灶检出率、后方回声衰竭情况、肿块内血流分级、RI≥0.7的占比比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);恶性组UE评分≥4分的患者检出率83.8%显著的高于良性组患者的12.5%(P0.05);UE、CDFI联合应用鉴别诊断乳腺肿块性质的灵敏度为96.3%、特异度为90.00%、漏诊率为3.75%、误诊率为10.00%。结果表明,UE联合CDFI对临床鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性疾病具有较高的价值。     

超声乳腺影像学报告及数据系统鉴别诊断乳腺小肿块

目的探讨超声乳腺影像学报告及数据系统(BI-RADS)标准化描述术语鉴别诊断乳腺小肿块(最大直径均≤1.5cm)的价值。方法利用BI-RADS超声术语对159例患者共186个乳腺小肿块进行描述,并对这些超声征象进行二分类Logistic回归分析。结果良性肿块123个(123/186,66.13%),恶性肿块63个(63/186,33.87%)。超声对恶性肿块诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为71.43%(45/63)、87.80%(108/123)、82.26%(153/186)。单因素分析显示乳腺良恶性小肿块的形态、边缘、生长方向、后方回声、内部微钙化差异有统计学意义(P0.05);多因素分析显示边缘毛刺和内部微钙化进入回归模型(P0.05)。结论边缘毛刺及肿块内部微钙化对鉴别乳腺良恶性小肿块最具价值。     

乳腺MRI额外发现的BI-RADS 4～5类病变影像学特点的回顾性分析

目的探讨乳腺MRI额外发现的乳腺影像报告及数据系统(BI-RADS)4～5类病变的MRI表现, 并建立新评分系统。方法回顾性分析2007年6月至2021年12月北京医院收治的经乳腺MRI发现, 且初诊乳腺X线及超声检查均未见异常的184例BI-RADS 4～5类病变患者资料, 共209个病变。患者均为女性, 年龄(50±11)岁(范围:27～76岁)。根据病理学检查结果将病变分为恶性和非恶性。根据BI-RADS将病变分为肿块型和非肿块型, 根据BI-RADS及Kaiser评分建立肿块和非肿块型病变的1～8分MRI评分系统, 以病理学结果为金标准, 通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析评分系统的诊断效能。分析本组患者获得病理标本的主要方法。组间比较采用Mann-WhitneyU检验、χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法。结果本组病变恶性124个, 非恶性85个;肿块型100个, 非肿块型109个。肿块型病变的最大径小于非肿块型[M(IQR)][7.0(3.0)mm比25.0(25.0)mm, U=568.000, P<0.01];依据BI-RADS诊断恶性病变的准确率无明显差异[53....     

超声弹性成像与常规超声鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的效果

目的分析比较超声弹性成像与常规超声鉴别乳腺良恶肿块的效果。方法选取2016-01—2017-01间在西平县人民医院接受手术治疗的60例(82个肿块)乳腺肿块患者。术前均行常规超声和超声弹性成像评分检查,以术后病理学结果为金标准,比较超声弹性成像与常规超声鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的效果。结果超声弹性成像诊断恶性乳腺肿块的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为96.5%、94.3%、95.2%,均显著高于常规超声的86.2%、86.8%、86.6%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声弹性成像对鉴别乳腺肿块的良恶性具有较高的敏感度、特异性和准确率,可作为患者选择治疗方法及普外医生制订治疗方案的重要依据。     

乳腺肿块的高频图象特征及彩色多普勒诊断与病理分析

目的探讨良恶性乳腺肿块的高频图象特征及彩色多普勒血流状况及病理学基础。方法 98例经手术证实的乳腺肿块的高频声像图与病理结果进行了回顾性分析。结果乳腺肿块的高频声像图表现,如肿块边界、内部回声、钙化、衰减以及彩色多普勒检出血流的表现,均与病理改变有一定关系。结论高频超声和彩色多普勒结合病理学基础诊断乳腺良恶性肿瘤符合率较高,具有较大的诊断价值。     

自动乳腺全容积成像结合超声乳腺影像报告和数据系统分类诊断常规超声征象不典型的乳腺癌

目的探讨自动乳腺全容积成像(ABVS)联合乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)分类对常规超声恶性征象不典型(BI-RADS分类3类及4A类)乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法对常规超声BI-RADS分类3类及4A类的832例患者共876个乳腺肿块行ABVS。结合ABVS冠状位图像特点对乳腺肿块重新进行BI-RADS分类。与术后病理结果对照,比较常规超声BI-RADS分类与ABVS结合BI-RADS分类为3类、4A类肿块中恶性率的差异;并以BI-RADS分类≥4B类为恶性肿块诊断标准,评价ABVS结合BI-RADS分类诊断乳腺恶性肿块的效能。结果常规超声BI-RADS分类为3类肿块558个,恶性率4.30%(24/558),4A类肿块318个,恶性率11.01%(35/318)。结合ABVS冠状位图像特点重新分类后,3类肿块455个,恶性率0.66%(3/455);4A类肿块176个,恶性率4.55%(8/176);4B类肿块218个,恶性率14.22%(31/218);4C类肿块27个,恶性率62.96%(17/27)。ABVS结合BI-RADS分类为3类、4A类肿块的恶性率明显低于常规超声分类为3类、4A类肿块(χ~2=11.447、5.951,P=0.001、0.015)。ABVS结合BI-RADS分类对恶性肿块的诊断敏感度、特异度及准确率分别为81.36%(48/59)、75.89%(620/817)及76.26%(668/876)。结论 ABVS结合BI-RADS分类对常规超声恶性征象不典型的乳腺癌具有重要诊断价值。     

副乳腺富脂质癌一例

患者 ,女 ,4 3岁 ,因发现右腋窝肿块 1个月于 2 0 0 3年 2月入院 ,查体 :一般情况好 ,双乳对称 ,乳头无溢液及内陷 ,皮肤无桔皮样变 ,胸大肌外侧腋前线至腋下处可及 4cm× 4cm×3cm质软包块 ,均匀与右乳腺不相连 ,其腋窝侧可及实性肿块 ,大小 2 5cm× 2cm× 2cm ,质硬、边界欠清 ,活动度可 ;同侧乳腺未及肿块 ;左乳腺未发现异常。B超报告 :右侧副乳合并右腋窝实质性肿物 ,右乳腺未见肿物 ;胸片、腹部B超未发现异常。 2 0 0 3年 2月 17日在局麻下予以行右腋窝肿块切除快速冰冻切片 ,病理报告副乳腺组织中见腺癌细胞 ,遂行右副乳腺癌根治术 …     

超声评分对乳腺良、恶性结节的诊断价值

目的探讨超声评分对乳腺结节的诊断价值。方法对乳腺良、恶性结节进行超声评分,并与术后病理结果对比分析。结果良性乳腺结节的二维评分及总评分与恶性乳腺结节相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,恶性结节超声评分高于良性结节（P〈0.01）;根据ROC曲线和Youden指数,可将超声评分≥11分作为二维超声诊断恶性占位的临界点,超声评分≥12分作为总评分诊断恶性占位的临界点。结论通过对乳腺占位的超声评分有助于提高乳腺良、恶性结节超声诊断的准确率。     

乳腺微小占位性病灶的超声弹性成像与病理检查结果对照分析

目的探讨超声弹性成像鉴别乳腺微小(≤10 mm)占位性病灶良恶性的价值。方法回顾性分析2014-01—2016-05间经手术治疗105例患者的139个乳腺微小占位性病灶。所有患者均经常规超声检查和超声弹性成像评分,并与术后的病理结果进行对照。结果超声弹性成像诊断恶性乳腺微小占位性病灶的敏感度、特异度和准确率分别为89.1%(41/46)、90.3%(84/93)和89.9%(125/139)。常规超声诊断恶性乳腺微小占位性病变敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为53.5%(23/43)、71.9%(69/96)、66.2%(92/139),二者差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论实时超声弹性成像对鉴别乳腺微小占位性病灶的良恶性具有较高的临床价值。     

Benign schwannoma of the breast: Report of a case

We report herein the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented to our hospital for investigation of occasional pain in her left breast. Although there was no mass palpable in her left breast, mammography and ultrasonography revealed a round tumor in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Although the mammography findings indicated that the tumor was benign, the possibility of a malignant neoplasm could not be ruled out by the ultrasonographic images. A final diagnosis of schwannoma was established by histopathological examination of the excised mass.     

In Search of a Gold Standard Scoring System for the Subjective Evaluation of Cosmetic Outcomes Following Breast‐Conserving Therapy

The absence of a widely accepted method for aesthetic evaluation following breast‐conserving surgery for breast cancer limits the ability to evaluate cosmetic outcomes. In this study, two different panel scoring approaches were compared in an attempt to identify a gold standard scoring system for subjectively assessing cosmetic outcomes following breast‐conserving therapy. Standardized photographs of each participant were evaluated independently by twelve health care professionals involved in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment using the Danoff four‐point scale. Individual Danoff scores were combined using two methods, a random sample “three‐panel” score and an iterative “Delphi‐panel” score, in order to create a final cosmetic score for each patient. Agreement between these two aggregative approaches was assessed with a weighted kappa (wk) statistic. Patient and professional recruitment occurred at two separate tertiary care multi‐disciplinary breast health centers. Women with unilateral breast cancer who underwent breast‐conserving therapy (segmental mastectomy or lumpectomy and radiotherapy) and were at least 2 years after radiotherapy were asked to participate. Ninety‐seven women were evaluated. The Delphi approach required three rounds of evaluation to obtain greater than 50% agreement in all photographs. The wk statistic between scores generated from the “three‐panel” and “Delphi‐panel” approaches was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71–0.89), thus demonstrating substantial agreement. Evaluation of cosmetic outcomes following breast‐conserving therapy using a “three‐panel” and “Delphi‐panel” score provide similar results, confirming the reliability of either approach for subjective evaluation. Simplicity of use and interpretation favors the “three‐panel” score. Future work should concentrate on the integration of the three‐panel score with objective and patient‐reported scales to generate a comprehensive cosmetic evaluation platform.     

A multimodality approach to the diagnosis of breast hamartomas with atypical mammographic appearance

Abstract: The ultrasonographic appearance of breast hamartomas (BHs) is described and its diagnostic utility is discussed in this study of 27 women with mammographic findings both typical and atypical of BH. The role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of BH of atypical mammographic appearance is also analyzed. These 27 cases of BH were detected in women submitted to mammographic screening. Ages ranged from 45 to 65 years (mean age 52.6 years). In all cases physical and ultrasonographic examinations were carried out. CT studies were carried out in seven cases. Core biopsy was performed in 18 cases of lesions with a mammographic appearance atypical of BH. Lesions were palpable in 9 cases and nonpalpable in 18. Mammographic appearance was characteristic in nine cases. In 19 cases a hypoechoic solid mass with hyperechoic lines and/or bands was seen. This ultrasonographic image is suspicious of BH. Finally, both CT and core biopsy findings were of great help in the diagnosis of BH in the cases where mammographic and ultrasonographic studies were inconclusive. We consider that a combination of mammography, ultrasonography, CT, and core biopsy is fundamental for the successful diagnosis of breast hamartomas not seen in typical form in mammograms.     

Ultrasonographic Mass Screening for Thyroid Carcinoma: A Study in Women Scheduled to Undergo a Breast Examination

This study was carried out to clarify the sensitivity of ultrasonographic mass screening for thyroid carcinoma. Between December 1997 and July 1998, a total of 1401 subjects who were scheduled to undergo either a breast examination or a follow-up examination for breast cancer were enrolled in this study. Patients with thyroid nodules were classified into two groups according to their potential risk for malignancy based on the ultrasonographic findings. Ultrasonographic high-risk patients for thyroid cancer underwent an ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and were advised to undergo a thyroidectomy based on the FNAB results. The characteristics of the thyroid cancer patients detected by mass screening were then compared with those of 106 consecutive female patients with clinical thyroid cancer during the same period. Thyroid nodules were detected in 353 (25.2%) of the subjects, 94 (26.6%) of whom were placed in the high-risk group for thyroid cancer. Among the 94 high-risk patients, 43 underwent a thyroidectomy and 37 turned out to have thyroid carcinomas. The detection rate for thyroid cancer was 2.6% for all subjects. The tumor size was significantly smaller than that of the clinically detected cancer group (P < 0.05). Ultrasonographic mass screening for thyroid carcinoma in women who require breast examinations is thus considered to be effective for the detection of subclinical thyroid carcinoma.     

超声弹性成像技术对小乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的评价超声弹性成像技术对于小乳腺癌(最大直径≤2cm)的诊断价值。方法收集2012年9月至2014年10月期间收治的72例患者共72个最大直径≤2 cm的乳腺肿块资料。术前均经过常规超声及超声弹性成像检查,常规超声采用BI-RADS分类,超声弹性成像采用改良5分法分别对乳腺肿块的性质进行鉴别诊断。术后或细针细胞穿刺术后病理结果作为金标准,比较单独运用常规超声及两者联合应用这两种方法对小乳腺癌的诊断准确率。采用SPASS18.0统计软件进行分析,率的比较采用χ~2检验,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果以病理诊断作为金标准,单独运用常规超声诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率为55.2%,60.5%,58.3%,而两者联合诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率79.3%,81.4%,80.6%,两者的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.378,P=0.006)。结论超声弹性成像有助于提高小乳腺癌的诊断准确率,具有重要的临床价值。     

超声弹性成像对乳腺良恶性肿块的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨超声弹性成像新评分标准(7分法)在诊断乳腺良、恶性病变的诊断价值及其最佳诊断界点。方法对手术病理结果证实的475个乳腺病灶的超声弹性成像图进行回顾性分析,用ROC曲线法探讨用7分法超声弹性成像评分标准的最佳诊断界点。结果7分法弹性成像评分标准对乳腺病灶的最佳诊断界点为5分,其ROC曲线下面积为0.959,其敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、Youden指数分别为:81.60%、99.14%、94.53%、97.14%、93.78%和0.81。结论7分法超声弹性成像评分标准使用简便,有助于鉴别乳腺良恶性肿块。     

Ultrasonography: an alternative to x-ray-guided needle localization of nonpalpable breast masses

Preoperative ultrasonography was used as an alternative to x-ray mammography to localize 92 breast lesions encountered in 82 patients. Recommendation for biopsy was made on the basis of the ultrasonographic finding of a nonpalpable mass or an area of architectural distortion, or in the presence of equivocal physical findings if sonomammography demonstrated a solid or an anechoic mass. Sonomammography was performed in the operating room, just before anticipated biopsy, with a hand-held high-resolution scanner. When the suspicious area was imaged and its precise location noted, the breast was then prepared and draped in the usual manner, and a biopsy was performed. If the suspicious area could not be easily localized after the incision was made and the breast explored, the transducer was "gowned" and used directly in the wound to help find the lesion. This technique has proven effective and accurate. In selected patients ultrasonography may be used as well as, or instead of, x-ray needle localization for the precise excision of nonpalpable breast lesions, excluding calcifications.     

超声对聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术后并发症的诊断价值

目的分析聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术后并发症的乳腺超声表现,并探讨其应用价值。方法超声检查2003年5月至2006年6月在外院行聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术,术后出现并发症到我院取出者101例(202个乳房),将其超声结果与手术结果相对照。结果注射层次紊乱98例195个乳房;急性血肿1例1个乳房;乳腺炎和乳腺脓肿5例7个乳房;注射隆乳合并纤维腺瘤3例3个乳房;注射隆乳合并乳腺癌2例2个乳房。结论乳腺超声在聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术后并发症的检测中有较大的应用价值。