达芬奇机器人辅助与腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术治疗成人胃食管反流病的Meta分析

目的系统评价达芬奇机器人辅助Nissen胃底折叠术(robot-assisted Nissen fundoplication,RAF)与传统腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术(conventional laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, CLF)比较治疗成人胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD)的有效性和安全性。 方法计算机系统检索Pubmed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、Web of science、CNKI、WanFang Data和CBM数据库,同时追溯相关文献的参考文献,查找RAF与CLF比较治疗成人GERD的随机对照研究和队列研究,检索时间均限定为从建库至2018年6月30日。由2位研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料并进行纳入研究的质量评价,采用Stata/SE 12进行Meta分析,通过I²统计量反映纳入研究的异质性。 结果共纳入11篇文献,累计683例患者,其中RAF组267例、CLF组416例。Meta分析结果表明,与CLF组相比,RAF组手术时间更长(WMD＝28.83, 95%CI：12.89～44.76, P<0.05)、费用较高(P<0.05);两组围手术期并发症发生率、术中中转率、术后气胸发生率、术后吞咽困难发生率、再手术率、住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论研究结果表明,RAF在治疗成人GERD中有着良好的安全性和有效性。然而,鉴于RAF更长的手术时间和更高的手术费用,使其在临床上应用受到限制。     

腹腔镜下胃底折叠术的学习曲线分析

目的评价腹腔镜下胃底折叠术的手术效果以及在不同阶段的差异,探讨其学习曲线。 方法对同一组术者连续开展的36例腹腔镜下胃底折叠术患者进行分析,对于每例患者的手术时间,采用累积和（CUSUM）分析法绘制腹腔镜胃底折叠书的学习曲线,比较学习曲线不同阶段的手术时间、术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间,反流性疾病问卷（RDQ）评分,消化病生活质量指数（GLQI）评分及不良反应发生率的差异。 结果CUSUM法得出曲线最大转折点在19例处,以此为分界将学习曲线划分为学习提高、熟练掌握两个阶段,两个阶段患者的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术者熟练掌握阶段患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后6个月RDQ评分和GLQI评分均优于学习提高阶段（P<0.05）。 结论通过CUSUM分析法对腹腔镜胃底折叠术的学习曲线进行精准剖析,表明术者驾驭该技术须累积的手术例数为19例。     

儿童腹腔镜下胃底折叠术10年小结

目的探讨腹腔镜下不同胃底折叠术治疗儿童胃食管反流性疾病的疗效。方法回顾性分析2000年10月～2011年2月10年中2个儿童医疗中心收治儿童胃食管反流性疾病81例(上海儿童医学中心30例,新华医院51例)临床资料,包括食管裂孔疝76例,单纯严重胃食管反流5例。男49例,女32例。年龄25天～11岁。2例有食管裂孔疝修补手术史。采用5个5 mm trocar分别经脐和两上腹、两侧中腹部进腹,保留脾胃韧带完成食管裂孔疝修补和胃底折叠术。结果79例镜下完成手术(包括Nissen-Rossetti术37例,Thal术42例),2例中转开放手术。出院前均行食管钡餐(GI)复查,37例Nissen-Rossetti术后9例轻～中度食管下端狭窄,1～2次扩张后缓解症状;42例Thal术后7例存在轻度反流。术后69例获随访,时间2个月～7年,平均26个月。2例食管裂孔疝术后1个月复发,再次镜下手术,1例证实膈肌脚尼龙缝合线松脱,1例裂孔关闭不够,仍有一较小旁疝形成,均再次镜下修补,术后恢复好;1例术后出现发作性腹痛伴呕吐;1例智力发育障碍者术后吞咽功能退化,顽固性拒食,长期鼻胃管喂养;2例胃食管轻～中度反流伴有胃动力差。其余63例术后生长发育好,术前临床症状消失。结论①腹腔镜下胃底折叠术治疗各种原因导致的儿童胃食管反流是一种安全有效的手术途径。②对于食管裂孔疝,选择镜下Thal术可有效减少术后食管狭窄的发生。③对于严重胃食管反流,选择Nissen-Rossetti术,术后抗反流效果更确切,与传统的Nissen术相比,保留胃短血管的Nissen-Rossetti术操作更简便。     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗儿童严重胃食管反流的现状

自1991年Geage[1]和Dallemagne[2]等相继报道应用腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗成人严重胃食管反流后,Lobe等[3]1993年报道应用腹腔镜开展儿童Nissen's胃底折叠术,并显示较经典的开腹手术具有明显的优点.在以后的10年中,腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗儿童保守治疗无效的严重胃食管反流在欧美国家迅速流行和普及.     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流性疾病临床分析

目的　探讨腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流性疾病的可行性及安全性。　方法　回顾性分析 2 0 0 1年 6月至 2 0 0 1年 10月对 5例行腹腔镜胃底折叠术的胃食管反流性疾病的临床资料。　结果　 3例行腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术 ,2例腹腔镜Toupet胃底折叠术。术后症状完全缓解。食道下段压力由 (7 32± 1 34)mmHg提高到 (18 2 0± 3 4 3)mmHg(t=12 2 3,P <0 0 1) ,2 4 -小时PH值监测评分由183 36± 96 76降低到 8 0 4± 2 12 (t=8 4 7,P <0 0 1) ,较手术前有明显改善 ,并达到正常范围。无手术并发症 ,无中转开腹及死亡病例。　结论　对于严重的胃食管反流性疾病 ,腹腔镜胃底折叠术是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病372例

目的 探讨腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病(GERD)的可行性和临床应用价值.方法 2005年9月至2010年8月,对372例GERD病人实施腹腔镜胃底折叠术,其中Nissen胃底折叠术146例,Toupet胃底折叠术79例,前180°胃底折叠术147例,记录围手术期相关指标,随访观察治疗效果.结果 372例均完成腹腔镜手术,无中转开腹者.手术时间50～210 min,平均85 min;术中出血40～150 ml,平均86 ml.术后住院3～21天,平均4.3天.术后临床症状均得到缓解,无严重并发症及死亡病例.术后3个月复查胃镜、上消化道造影、食管测压和24 h食管pH检测均恢复正常.350例随访～63个月,平均27.3个月,对手术效果满意率92.57%,19例有进固体食物时轻度梗噎感,6例反酸症状复发,使用抑酸药物可控制,1例食管裂孔疝复发.结论 腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗中、重度GERD充分体现了微创手术创伤小、恢复快、安全可行、疗效可靠的特点;3种胃底折叠方式根据病人具体情况应用,能够最大限度地保证手术效果、降低操作难度,减少术后并发症.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical value of laparoscopic surgery in treating patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods From September 2001 to August 2009, 372 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease undertwent laparoscopic fundoplication, including 146 cases of Nissen fundoplication, 79 Toupet fundoplication, and 147 anterior 180 degrees partial fundoplication. Para-operative clinical parameters were recorded. All patients were routinely followed up. Clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results Laparoscopic surgery was successfully performed in all patients, and no conversions were required. The operating time was 50 -210 minutes (mean, 85 minutes), the operative blood loss was 40 - 150 ml( mean, 86 ml) ,the postoperative hospital stay was 3 - 21 days( mean, 4.3 days ). The symptoms in most cases were adequately relieved after operation. There were no severe postoperative morbidity and mortality. Endoscopy, radiology, esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring were repeated 3 months after surgery. After the follow-up period of 3 -63 months ( mean, 27.3 months), the satisfaction rate of operation was 92.57%. 19 cases had mild dysphagia when eating solid food. Symptoms recurrence of acid reflux occurred in 6 cases, which were controlled by antacid medications. Hiatal hernia recurrence occurred in 1 case. Conclusions Laparoscopic operation should be the method of choice to treat the moderate to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, with the advantages of minimized trauma,quick recovery, safety,feasibility and reliable effect. According to individual condition of patients, appropriate fundoplication procedure should be employed carefully to ensure results of operations, reduce operating difficulties and the rate of postoperative complications.     

腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补胃底折叠术

食管裂孔疝多见于40岁以上的病人。其症状主要表现为胸痛、吞咽困难和咽下疼痛，并常伴有反流性食管炎引起的胸骨后及背部烧灼感。食管裂孔疝常伴有食管韧带松弛和食管下段括约肌功能减弱，易发生胃液反流，导致胃食管反流病（GERD）。胃食管反流病的发生机制与食管裂孔疝、食管下端括约肌缺陷等有关，常须长期服用质子泵抑制剂和胃肠动力药物治疗。     

腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病

目的 探讨腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病的效果.方法 对近2年来收治的109例胃食管反流病实施腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 108例成功完成手术.1例因难以控制的脾上极胃短血管出血而中转开腹.手术用时30-245(平均68.1)min,术中出血5～450(平均30.0)mL;术后住院天数2～8(平均4.2)天.术后102例获3～27个月的随访,7例失访.随访患者中99例(97.1%)反酸、烧心等消化道症状基本消失,2例(2.0%)明显缓解,1例(0.9%)无效.术后2例出现较严重的吞咽困难,1例严重上腹胀气,2例腹泻,1例出现术后食管裂孔疝.结论 腹腔镜Nissen胃底折叠术是治疗胃食管反流病的一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法.     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病相关性咳嗽70例

目的 观察腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病（GERD）相关性咳嗽的疗效与安全性。 方法 回顾性分析2008年6月至2013年6月间解放军第二炮兵总医院胃食管反流病科连续收治并接受腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗的70例GERD相关性咳嗽患者的临床资料。比较患者手术前后食管反流相关症状（反流、烧心、咳嗽、咳痰、咽部异物感和声音嘶哑）评分,计算各症状的评分缓解率[（术前症状评分-术后症状评分）／术前症状评分×100%],观察患者术后并发症的发生情况及对手术治疗的满意程度。 结果 患者术后食管反流相关症状评分均较术前显著下降（均 P<0.01）,上述各症状的评分缓解率分别为反流（79.4±23.2）%,烧心（82.0±21.5）%,咳嗽（72.2±28.5）%,咳痰（62.6±28.9）%,咽部异物感（76.1±31.5）%,声音嘶哑（70.8±39.3）%。全组无死亡病例,且患者术中、术后均未出现严重并发症,但出现气腹相关的胸部或颈部皮下气肿5例（7.1%）、术后早期和晚期不同程度吞咽困难17例（24.3%）,术后排气增多6例（8.6%）,腹胀2例（2.9%）,经治疗后均可缓解。全组患者手术满意率（满意和非常满意）为75.7%（53/70）。 结论 腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗GERD相关性咳嗽安全有效且具有较高的患者满意度。     

Meta analysis of robot-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic fundoplication in children

Background

Minimally invasive fundoplication may be performed using either a robot-assisted (RF) or conventional laparoscopic (LF) technique. Evidence comparing RF and LF in children remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the comparative safety and efficacy of RF versus LF by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Comparative studies investigating RF versus LF in children were identified from multiple electronic literature databases. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects modeling. Safety parameters investigated were post-operative morbidity and intra-operative conversions. Efficacy outcomes of interest were operative success, re-operation, post-operative complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), total operating time (OT), analgesia requirement, and cost.

Results

Six observational studies met inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes of 297 children. No randomized controlled trials were identified. Pooled analysis determined no statistically significant differences between RF and LF for conversions, OT, LOS, and post-operative complications. There was no standardized follow up beyond the early post-operative period to enable data synthesis for remaining outcomes of interest. Limited evidence indicates higher costs with RF.

Conclusions

Safety and short-term efficacy seem comparable between RF and LF in children. There is insufficient evidence to assess comparative effectiveness for many important procedure specific outcome measures. Higher quality and longer follow-up studies are required.     

Comparison of long-term outcomes between open and laparoscopic Thal fundoplication in children

Objectives

In recent years laparoscopic fundoplication is increasingly performed in pediatric surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes between open and laparoscopic Thal fundoplication in children.

Methods

This retrospective study includes children who underwent a Thal fundoplication between 3/1997 and 7/2009. The minimum follow-up time to enter the study was 2 years; the overall median follow-up was 77 months (range, 29–176 months).

Results

A total of 101 patients were included, of which 47 underwent an open and 54 a laparoscopic Thal. Intraoperative problems, early postoperative complications, time to establish enteral feeds and length of stay did not differ among both groups. The mean duration of surgery was significantly less in the open group (OPG) (108.0 (± 7.72) versus 144.1 (± 6.36) minutes; p = 0.001) and this was mainly attributed to patients with neurological problems. Severe dysphagia requiring endoscopy was observed in 10 patients, but this did not differ significantly between groups (n = 2 in the OPG vs. n = 8 in the laparoscopic group (LAPG); p = 0.10). Overall 12 patients (11.9%) (6 in each group) required a redo-fundoplication after a median of 18.7 months (range, 6–36 months). In the whole study group, 80 patients (79.2%) were classified as having surgical results being excellent, good or satisfactory and this did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions

In the long-term open and laparoscopic Thal fundoplication have similarly good outcomes. The laparoscopic approach can be considered as an alternative, however there is not a clear superiority compared with the open counterpart.     

A simplified approach to laparoscopic fundoplication

Background: There is a certain amount of controversy regarding the need to divide the short gastric vessels (SGV) in laparoscopic fundoplication for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In addition, there is often difficulty in identifying the crural fibers when encircling the lower esophagus. Methods: We determine whether it is necessary to divide the SGV by trying to appose the gastric fundus to the anterior abdominal wall intraoperatively. If this could be done easily, the SGV are preserved. When their division is required, a posterior gastric approach is employed. We have also found that the injection of methylene blue into the left crural fibers anterior to the esophagus is helpful in identifying the left side when dissection posterior to the gastroesophageal junction is difficult. Results: Between 1992 and 1995 we performed 20 laparoscopic fundoplications for GERD. All patients had at least grade 3 esophagitis (Savary-Miller scale), increased esophageal exposure to acid (median DeMeester score of 195), and decreased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. The median operative time was 175 min. There were no conversions to open surgery, and there was no mortality. Three patients developed transient postoperative dysphagia and one patient had pneumonia. The median hospital stay was 3 days; all patients were free of reflux symptoms at follow-up ranging from 7 to 42 months. Conclusion: We conclude that the techniques described by us aid in intraoperative decision making and allow laparoscopic fundoplication to be both simple and effective. Received: 29 March 1996/Accepted: 28 May 1996     

Watson fundoplication in children: a comparative study with Nissen fundoplication

Background

Nissen fundoplication is the gold standard antireflux procedure in children. In 1996, one pediatric surgeon adopted the anterior fundoplication described by Watson in 1991. This procedure is reported to achieve good reflux control while permitting burping, active vomiting, and reducing gas bloat. An audit project was undertaken to compare the clinical outcome of children undergoing Nissen and Watson fundoplication.

Methods

The case notes of 144 children undergoing open fundoplication between February 1995 and February 2002 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results

Results of 72 boys and 59 girls comprising 76 Nissen and 55 Watson fundoplications were assessed. In each group, one death occurred within 1 month of operation. Chest infections occurred in 6.6% (Nissen) and 1.8% (Watson), and wound infections in 2.6% and 1.8%, respectively. Dysphagia was recorded in 7.9% of Nissen and 1.8% of Watson fundoplications. Follow-up data were analyzed in 70 children with Nissen and 48 children with Watson fundoplication. When overall clinical outcome was assessed for those patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year, 85.1% Nissen and 88.2% Watson were judged good/excellent; 14.9% Nissen and 11.8% Watson were judged poor/bad.

Conclusion

Watson fundoplication can safely be performed in children with comparable clinical outcome to Nissen fundoplication.     

Gastric fundoplication is effective in promoting weight gain in children with severe congenital heart defects

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine outcomes, including weight gain, morbidity, and mortality, of children with severe congenital heart disease who underwent fundoplication (FP) for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Methods

An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was conducted on all children with congenital heart disease who underwent FP from 1999 to 2005. Preoperative age, weight, cardiac procedures, postoperative weight, and mortality were extracted from medical records. The Wilcoxon signed rank, Wilcoxon rank sum, and log-rank tests were used; P value less than .05 was significant. All procedures were performed with dedicated cardiac anesthesia personnel with recovery in a cardiac intensive care unit.

Results

Of 112 subjects identified, 37 (33%) had single ventricle (SV) physiology. The most frequent cardiac procedures performed were Norwood (33), pulmonary artery band (11), and systemic pulmonary artery shunt (11). A total of 104 laparoscopic FPs (with 2 conversions to open) and 8 open FPs were performed. The median preoperative age was 3 months, and weight percentile was 1.5%. From baseline, postoperative median weight percentiles increased to 4% at 3 months (P < .001) and to 20% at 5 years postoperatively (P = .004). Single ventricle physiology had no significant effect on outcomes. Postoperative mortality (≤30 days) was 4.5% (5/112); 5-year survival was 74% (83/112). Five-year survival of SV subjects (59%) was significantly lower (P = .03) than that of the other subjects (81%). No significant difference in survival was seen between SV subjects with FP and all SV patients seen at our center during the study period. Only one death was directly related to antireflux surgery (SV subject). There were 8 patients who had recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease: 4 were treated with reoperation, and 4 were treated medically.

Conclusion

Weight gain in this high-risk population can be expected after antireflux surgery. Mortality is high because of intrinsic disease, especially in the SV population. Fundoplications performed with the assistance of dedicated pediatric cardiac anesthesia personnel followed by recovery in a cardiac intensive care unit is possible with acceptable postoperative morbidity and mortality.     

Long-term outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric diversion after failed surgical fundoplication in a large cohort and a systematic review

BackgroundRoux-en-Y gastric diversion (RNYG) is an alternative approach for patients with persistent or recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after surgical fundoplication, especially in patients with esophageal dysmotility or morbid obesity, because redo fundoplication could offer unfavorable outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate long-term outcomes of RNYG for failed fundoplication and its impact on esophageal function.SettingA retrospective cohort study and a systematic review.MethodsPatients who underwent RNYG after failed fundoplication between 1995 and 2019 were identified. Surgical-related complications, GERD, dysphagia, and endoscopic and esophageal manometric findings were reviewed. A literature search for relevant studies was performed from several databases from database inception to September 2019.ResultsA total of 101 patients (mean age, 52.1 yr; 86.1% female; mean body mass index, 35.8 kg/m²) were included. Overall complication rates within and more than 30 days after surgery were 36.3% and 53.5%. GERD symptoms were resolved in 70.1% after RNYG. However, 39.7% had a recurrence during a median follow-up of 56.2 months. In patients with no baseline dysphagia (n = 36), 16 (44%) developed new-onset dysphagia after surgery. In patients with severe baseline dysphagia (n = 9), 5 patients (56%) had persistent dysphagia after surgery. Seven studies involving 381 patients were included in our systematic review. High rates of GERD improvement have been reported across studies; however, long-term GERD, dysphagia, and objective outcomes were infrequently reported.ConclusionRNYG is an effective alternative surgery in a subset of patients with intractable symptoms who failed fundoplication. However, patients should be informed of the risks of postoperative GERD symptoms and dysphagia. Referral for a careful evaluation by a multidisciplinary foregut team is warranted.     

Robot-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic fundoplication: short-term outcome of a pilot randomized controlled trial

Background

Robotic technology represents the latest development in minimally-invasive surgery. Nevertheless, robotic-assisted surgery seems to have specific disadvantages such as an increase in costs and prolongation of operative time. A general clinical implementation of the technique would only be justified if a relevant improvement in outcome could be demonstrated. This is also true for laparoscopic fundoplication. The present study was designed to compare robotic-assisted (RALF) and conventional laparoscopic fundoplication (CLF) with the focus on operative time, costs und perioperative outcome.

Methods

Forty patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease were randomized to either RALF by use of the daVinci^® Surgical System or CLF. Nissen fundoplication was the standard anti-reflux procedure. Peri-operative data such as length of operative procedure, intra-and postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, overall costs and symptomatic short-term outcome were compared.

Results

The total operative time was shorter for RALF compared to CLF (88 vs. 102 min; p = 0.033) consisting of a longer set-up (23 vs. 20 min; p = 0.050) but a shorter effective operative time (65 vs. 82 min; p = 0.006). Intraoperative complications included one pneumothorax and two technical problems in the RALF group and two bleedings in the CLF group. There were no conversions to an open approach. Mean length of hospital stay (2.8 vs. 3.3 days; p = 0.086) and symptomatic outcome thirty days postoperatively (10% vs. 15% with ongoing PPI therapy; p = 1.0 and 25% vs. 20% with persisting mild dysphagia; p = 1.0) was similar in both groups. Costs were higher for RALF than for CLF (€ 3244 vs. € 2743, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

In comparison with CLF, operative time can be shorter for RALF if performed by an experienced team. However, costs are higher and short-term outcome is similar. Thus, RALF can not be favoured over CLF regarding perioperative outcome.

     

A comparison of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and Rossetti's modification in 239 patients

Background: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and the Rossetti modification represent two different surgical approaches to resolving gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Concerns have arisen that the Rossetti modification results in increased postoperative dysphagia. In this study, we compared a group of patients who underwent a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with a group who had undergone the Rossetti modification to determine if there was a significant difference in postoperative dysphagia. Additionally, we wanted to confirm that the Nissen procedure performed laparoscopically could resolve GERD as successfully as the Rossetti modification, with no difference in operative complications. Methods: We prospectively collected data on 101 patients who underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and compared outcomes with those of 138 patients who had undergone the laparoscopic Rossetti modification in a previous series. Results: All patients experienced resolution of reflux symptoms. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of intraoperative or postoperative complications, conversions to open procedure, or length of hospitalization. Paradoxically, there was a significant difference in operating time between the Rossetti and the Nissen groups (70.6 min vs 45.6 min, p= 0.006). Postoperative dysphagia requiring dilation was significantly higher in the Rossetti group (21.7% vs 8.9%, p= 0.008). However, there was a significantly higher percentage of patients in the Rossetti group who had had esophagitis preoperatively (95.7% vs 86.1%, p= 0.009), although the proportion of patients having Barrett's esophagus was higher in the Nissen group (9.4% vs 24.8%, p= 0.001). Conclusions: Both approaches resolved reflux symptoms without significant differences in complications, conversions, or length of stay. Preoperative differences between groups, as well as the method of sequentially comparing the two different procedures, prevent us from attributing greater postoperative dysphagia in the Rossetti group solely to the choice of surgical approach. Prospective randomized studies are needed to control for variables, such as surgical team experience and patient differences. Online publication: 17 April 2000     

A comparison of the endoscopic and laparoscopic view of the gastroesophageal junction in the use of transoral fundoplication

Background

Endoscopic fundoplication requires accurate evaluation of the gastroesophageal junction (GJ) to determine if hiatal hernia repair is necessary before fundoplication. We compared the endoscopic and laparoscopic evaluations of the GJ.

Methods

A total of 53 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease underwent a laparoscopic repair of a hiatal defect before endoscopic fundoplication. The video of the preoperative endoscopic evaluation was compared with the laparoscopic video (n = 44). Nine patients were excluded because both endoscopic and laparoscopic videos were not available. A 2-tailed paired t test was used to assess the difference between the 2 study groups.

Results

The greatest transverse dimension of the hiatus assessed endoscopically was 3.30 cm ± 1.00 vs 3.88 cm ± 1.03 assessed laparoscopically, P < .001. In 22.8%, the average endoscopic Hill grade was lower than the estimated Hill grade when viewed laparoscopically. In 11.1% (range, 6% to 15%) of cases, the endoscopic view indicated a hiatal hernia repair was unnecessary when the matching laparoscopic view indicated hiatal repair would be needed.

Conclusions

Endoscopic evaluation of the GJ may underestimate the radial size of the hiatal defect.     

Population-based comparison of open vs laparoscopic esophagogastric fundoplication in children: application of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality pediatric quality indicators

Background/Purpose

Increasing national focus on patient safety has promoted development of the pediatric quality indicators (PDIs), which screen for preventable events during provision of health care for children. Our objective is to apply these safety metrics to compare 2 surgical procedures in children, specifically laparoscopic and open esophagogastric fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux.

Methods

A retrospective analysis using 20 years of data from national representative state inpatient databases through the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project was conducted. Patients younger than 18 years with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes for open or laparoscopic esophagogastric fundoplication were included. Pediatric quality indicators were linked to each patient's profile. Demographics, comorbidities, outcomes, and 8 selected PDIs between open and laparoscopic fundoplications were compared using Pearson χ² tests and t tests.

Results

Of 33,533 patients identified, 28,141 underwent open and 5392 underwent laparoscopic fundoplication. Comorbidities occurred more frequently in open surgery. In-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospital charges were less in laparoscopic surgery. Of the 8 PDIs evaluated, decubitus ulcer (P = .04) and postoperative sepsis (P = .003) had decreased rates with laparoscopic surgery compared with open.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux in children can be performed safely compared with the open approach with equivalent or improved rates of PDIs.