奥西替尼治疗EGFR T790M突变的老年晚期肺腺癌患者1例

1例表皮生长因子受体(epithelial growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因第19外显子突变阳性肺腺癌患者接受第一代EGFR抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs)治疗后,无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)达31个月,此后病情进展,患者肺内病灶增大,行血液标本基因检测,提示T790M突变,予以奥希替尼靶向治疗19个月,2019年9月患者仍未达到PFS。奥希替尼治疗T790M突变老年肺腺癌,疗效确切,安全性较好,该例患者主要不良反应为腹泻。     

奥希替尼治疗获得性表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药T790M突变肺腺癌晚期1例

报告1例使用奥西替尼治疗表皮生长因子受体(epithelial growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因19外显子缺失突变耐药后T790M突变肺腺癌晚期患者。患者,女,72岁,无明显诱因出现左侧胸闷、气喘5 d于当地医院治疗,查胸部CT示双侧胸腔积液,右肺中叶占位,并纵隔淋巴结肿大。为求进一步治疗遂来郑州大学第一附属医院,入院完善相关检查,PET-CT示右肺中叶软组织肿块代谢较活跃,考虑肺癌,建议结合病理诊断;双侧锁骨上区、纵隔及右肺门多发淋巴结肿大,代谢活跃,考虑转移。不符合手术指征,未进行手术治疗,第1次CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检确诊肺腺癌,基因检测示EGFR基因第19外显子缺失突变,于2017年11月29日开始服用吉非替尼,至2018年12月4日停止服用。期间复查CT发现右上肺结节较前增大,第2次CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检结果示肺腺癌,基因检测示EGFR基因18外显子缺失突变,合并EGFR基因第20外显子T790M突变,于2018年12月4日开始服用奥希替尼至今,复查未见异常。     

晚期肺腺癌患者奥希替尼后线治疗耐药后基因突变模式研究

目的 分析外周血表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因T790M突变的晚期肺腺癌患者后线应用奥希替尼治疗耐药后的基因突变情况,探讨可能的耐药机制.方法 晚期肺腺癌患者52例,均给予奥希替尼后线治疗,并于入院次日清晨采集外周血,提取循环肿瘤DNA,采用微滴数字P...     

奥希替尼治疗晚期肺腺癌1例并文献复习

分析1例晚期肺腺癌患者应用第1代表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors,EGFR-TKIs)(吉非替尼)治疗耐药后的应用奥希替尼治疗的临床疗效及不良反应。患者应用吉非替尼治疗11个月出现耐药,后给予奥希替尼治疗28个月病情进展,期间未出现严重不良反应。奥希替尼治疗第1代EGFR-TKIs耐药后的晚期肺腺癌患者,临床疗效较好,不良反应少。     

奥西替尼治疗EGFR T790M突变的晚期肺腺癌1例

1例表皮生长因子受体(epithelial growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因第19外显子敏感缺失突变肺腺癌患者接受第一代EGFR抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs)治疗后,无进展生存期(progressionfreesur vival,PFS)达33个月,此后病情进展,患者出现脑转移,肺内病灶增大,行经皮肺肿物穿刺活检术,再次行肿瘤组织标本EGFR基因检测,提示20外显子T790M突变,予以奥希替尼靶向治疗34个月,2019年10月8日患者仍未达到PFS。奥希替尼治疗T790M突变肺腺癌,疗效确切、安全性良好,该例患者主要不良反应为QTc间期延长。     

奥希替尼治疗经埃克替尼一线治疗后进展并继发T790M突变的肺腺癌1例

徐州医科大学附属常熟医院收治1例埃克替尼治疗进展后继发T790M突变的肺腺癌接受二线奥希替尼治疗的女性患者。该患者70岁,反复咳嗽咳痰15年,加重半月;CT提示右肺中叶实变影,大量胸腔积液;病理报告:(胸水细胞块)转移性腺癌,倾向肺来源;血液基因检测示EGFR 19Del合并TP53突变;口服埃克替尼125 mg,每天3次,10个月后疾病进展,再次血液基因检测T790M突变,口服奥希替尼80 mg,每天1次,随访至今(9个月),疾病达到部分缓解(partial response,PR)。因此,晚期非小细胞肺癌患者治疗前应明确基因状态,对于阳性患者给与表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors,EGFR-TKIs)治疗,可以使患者获得更长的总生存期和更好的生活质量。     

奥希替尼治疗T790M突变的晚期肺腺癌1例并文献复习

在肺癌的驱动基因中,表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是其最常见的驱动基因之一。在EGFR突变阳性的患者中,一线使用表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors,EGFR-TKIs)(例如吉非替尼、埃克替尼、阿法替尼等)口服治疗,已经体现出良好的疗效。但大多数患者在服用初始一线的TKIs治疗后出现T790M突变,引起耐药,导致疾病进展。嘉兴市第二医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的1例EGFR突变阳性患者,在使用吉非替尼片口服治疗1年后,出现疾病进展。行基因检测后提示T790M突变阳性,改奥希替尼口服。目前患者疗效评价为部分缓解。奥希替尼对于出现T790M突变患者的治疗,有着稳定的疗效。早期及时将临床、病理和分子诊断学技术联合起来对患者治疗进行全程管理,可以为晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供强有力的保障。     

EGFR敏感型肺腺癌38例TKIs治疗前及进展后EGFR基因变化分析

目的观察表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)敏感型肺腺癌患者EGFR-TKIs治疗前及进展后EGFR基因变化情况,分析其导致耐药的可能机制。方法回顾性分析38例EGFR-TKIs治疗前及进展后均进行活检取材的肺腺癌患者,所有病例均采用ARMS法检测腺癌组织EGFR和KRAS基因突变状态。结果 38例肺腺癌患者中,临床分期为ⅠA期1例,ⅢA期3例,ⅢB期2例,Ⅳ期32例。EGFR-TKIs治疗前,27例患者检测出EGFR基因19外显子缺失突变(19-del),11例患者检测出EGFR基因21外显子L858R点突变(L858R); EGFR-TKIs治疗进展后,17例患者EGFR基因突变状态没有改变(15例19-del和2例L858R); 19例患者检测出EGFR基因20外显子T790M点突变(T790M),其中12例19-del+T790M双突变,6例L858R+T790M双突变; 1例患者的EGFR基因L858R突变改变为19-del+L858R+T790M复合突变; 1例患者的EGFR基因L858R突变改变为KRAS基因突变(G12 V),1例患者的EGFR基因L858R突变改变为EGFR基因野生型。此外,有2例患者EGFR-TKIs治疗进展后,病理组织学中发现了小细胞癌成分。28例患者给予EGFR-TKIs治疗进展后,T790M突变阳性的患者疾病无进展生存时间为18个月,T790M突变阴性的患者为9个月,差异显著(P 0. 05)。结论 T790M突变是导致EGFR基因产生EGFR-TKIs耐药的主要突变类型,然而EGFR基因也可因发生KRAS基因突变、EGFR敏感突变位点发生丢失或改变等变化而产生耐药。     

1例EGFR敏感突变局部晚期肺鳞癌病例报告及文献复习

报告1例信阳市中心医院经病理确诊、EGFR检测敏感突变的局部晚期肺鳞癌,该患者为一老年男性,不能耐受同步放化疗后序贯接受表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors,EGFR-TKIs)治疗,效果显著,无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)达19个多月,后期病情进展后再次行基因检测(液态活检),发现T790M突变,给予第3代TKI奥希替尼治疗后仍然有效。对于III期不可切除的局部晚期肺鳞癌,EGFR基因检测非常重要,同步放化疗后序贯EGFR-TKIs分子靶向药物的治疗模式,可延长此类患者的生存时间和提高生活质量。     

非小细胞肺癌接受埃克替尼治疗进展后继发性T790M突变

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者接受埃克替尼治疗进展后的继发性T790M突变情况。方法:应用突变扩增阻滞系统(amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS)方法检测209例EGFR 19del或L858R突变NSCLC患者接受埃克替尼治疗进展后T790M突变状态,并分析临床特征。结果:209例NSCLC样本中,19del有123例,L858R有86例,接受埃克替尼治疗耐药后检测T790M突变型患者占45.93%(96/209),耐药后T790M突变与19del/L858R之间差异有统计学意义(P0.034)。结论:EGFR常见突变的NSCLC患者,19del患者接收埃克替尼治疗后更易出现T790M突变,应予以重视。     

Triple administration of osimertinib followed by chemotherapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUNDOsimertinib is the recommended first-line treatment for adult patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, primary or acquired resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) seems inevitable, and when drug-resistance occurs during treatment with osimertinib, the standard of care is to discontinue the TKI. CASE SUMMARYA 57-year-old female patient with lung adenocarcinoma presented with an irritating cough accompanied by chest distress of one month duration. An enhanced head magnetic resonance imaging scan showed brain metastases. An EGFR mutation (exon 21 L858R) was detected in pleural fluid. The patient was treated with oral osimertinib (80 mg once daily) from January 2018 but developed progressive disease on December 2018. She was then successfully treated with re-challenge and tri-challenge with osimertinib (80 mg once daily) by resensitization chemotherapy twice after the occurrence of drug-resistance to osimertinib, and to date has survived for 31 mo.CONCLUSIONThis case may provide some selective therapeutic options for NSCLC patients with acquired drug-resistance who were previously controlled on osimertinib treatment.     

Significant benefits of osimertinib in treating acquired resistance to first-generation EGFR-TKIs in lung squamous cell cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell cancer(LSCC)rarely harbors epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations,even much rarer for acquired T790M mutation.Although clinical trials of AURA series illustrated that non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with EGFR T790M mutation can benefit from osimertinib,only five LSCC patients were enrolled in total;moreover,the efficacy for LSCC was not shown in the results.Therefore,the response of LSCC to osimertinib is still unclear to date.CASE SUMMARY We report an LSCC case with T790M-related acquired resistance after treatments with first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)and benefited from osimertinib significantly.A 63-year-old Chinese man was diagnosed with stage IV(cT2N2M1b)LSCC harboring an EGFR exon 19-deletion mutation.Following disease progression after gefitinib and multi-line chemotherapy,rebiopsy was conducted.Molecular testing of EGFR by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction detected the exon 19-deletion without T790M mutation.Therefore,the patient was given erlotinib,but progression developed only 3 mo later.Then the frozen re-biopsy tissue was tested by next-generation sequencing(NGS),which detected an EGFR T790M mutation.However,he was very weak with symptoms of dysphagia and cachexia.Fortunately,osimertinib was started,leading to alleviation from the symptoms.Four months later,normal deglutition was restored and partial response was achieved.Finally,the patient achieved an overall survival time period of 29 mo.CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that EGFR T790M mutation may also be an important acquired drug resistance mechanism for LSCC and offer direct evidence of the efficacy of osimertinib in LSCC with T790M mutation.NGS and better preservation conditions may contribute to higher sensitivity of EGFR T790M detection.     

Super-ARMS PCR和ddPCR检测晚期肺腺癌患者血浆循环肿瘤DNA EGFR基因T790M突变的临床价值研究

目的探讨超级扩增阻滞突变系统PCR(Super-ARMS PCR)和微滴式数字PCR(ddPCR)检测晚期肺腺癌患者经表皮生长因子受体抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗后血浆循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因T790M突变情况和应用价值。方法经EGFR-TKI治疗后耐药的124例患者分别应用Super-ARMS PCR法和ddPCR法检测T790M突变情况,比较2种方法检出率,用药时间及突变丰度的相关性。结果2种方法共检出51例T790M突变,诊断结果一致性较好,Kappa=0.756;2种方法阳性符合率为74.00%,阴性符合率98.65%,总符合率88.71%。用药超过12个月的患者采用Super-ARMS PCR法检测T790M突变的检出率高于用药小于12个月的患者(P<0.05)。ddPCR法检测突变丰度为0.01%~68.10%。结论2种方法在晚期肺腺癌患者经EGFR-TKI治疗后T790M突变检测中具有较高的一致性,ddPCR法灵敏度更高且可以提供突变丰度的信息。