基础油组成对内燃机油抗磨性能的影响

利用质谱技术对多个I类油(溶剂精制基础油)和II类油(加氢基础油)组成进行分析,通过四球机、SRV摩擦磨损试验机对不同基础油组成与油品抗磨性能之间的关系进行了研究.经过大量试验后,对试验结果进行统计和归纳,建立了基础油组成与油品抗磨性能的线性模型.结果表明:随基础油中链烷烃与少环环烷烃含量增加,油品抗磨性能有变差的趋势;随芳烃含量及基础油100 ℃黏度的增加,油品抗磨性能有变好趋势.     

一种新型船用柴油机油的研制

根据船用柴油机油的性能要求,通过开展基础油及各功能添加剂等对油品抗水、分水性能的影响研究,以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗磨剂等添加剂对油品高温清净性、烟炱分散性、抗磨损性及抗氧抗腐蚀性的影响研究,提出一种新型船用柴油机油配方方案。综合评定试验结果表明,研制的船用柴油机油具有优异的理化性能和良好的分散性、抗氧抗腐蚀性、抗磨性能和清净性能,并通过了FZG齿轮试验机试验和发动机台架试验。     

不同加工工艺基础油结构特征对其性能的影响研究(Ⅱ)--芳烃结构等对其氧化安定性的影响

在采用液固色谱将基础油分离的基础上，利用四极杆质谱技术对加氢异构基础油、溶剂精制基础油的芳烃组成进行了详细的分析。在此基础上，将不同类型芳烃、硫氮模型化合物加入到两种基础油的饱和烃中，用DSC法考察了不同芳烃、硫氢模型化合物对基础油氧化性能的影响，将旋转氧弹法与DSC结合考察了添加剂对基础油氧化安定性的影响。     

IIIG发动机试验油清净性能的探究

通过成焦板试验和热管试验考察IIIG发动机试验在不同试验时间时油品清净性的变化;通过FTIR和XPS对IIIG发动机试验活塞二环岸沉积物进行组成分析;并通过FTIR和薄层色谱分析法对IIIG发动机试验油进行组成分析。研究发现:在IIIG发动机试验中,油品老化后清净性能变差;活塞二环岸沉积物主要以烃类和含氧化合物为主,CaSO4、ZnSO4、CaCO3含量很少;在IIIG发动机试验中,油品的饱和烃含量减少,芳烃和含氧化合物含量增多。     

汽车自动传动液电性能研究

简要介绍了新能源汽车的发展趋势及对汽车自动传动液用油情况的影响,对自动传动液电性能进行详细分析,通过试验研究了不同基础油、添加剂以及氧化程度与电导率的关系。结果表明,自动传动液中基础油和添加剂的组成对油品电导率会产生一定的影响,并且油品的电导率会随着氧化老化的程度不断增加。     

柴油机油基础油高温清净性能研究

利用L-1A型润滑油清净性能试验机,通过考察不同类型基础油的沉积物质量、形貌,探讨其高温清净性能。结果表明,APIⅠ类基础油高温清净性能优于APIⅡ类基础油;APIⅠ类基础油中中芳烃和重芳烃和硫元素含量明显高于APIⅡ类基础油,因此氧化安定性好,高温下沉积物生成量也少。     

高温条件下发动机油配方组份对油品高温黏度及成焦倾向的影响

采用曲轴箱成焦性能试验仪对加氢基础油和聚ɑ烯烃(PAO)基础油、含有不同添加剂的基础油、发动机油进行试验,检测试样的成焦量、100℃运动黏度,分析添加剂及基础油在高温条件下的黏度变化和成焦倾向,并进行烘箱静置对比试验。试验结果表明:250N基础油、20W-50成品油、PAO8基础油3种油样中,250N的成焦量上升较快,纯基础油100℃运动黏度总体呈上升趋势,20W-50成品油100℃运动黏度先下降最低达15.8%然后上升;二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(T203)是含添加剂基础油中成焦主要来源,其次是黏度指数改进剂,其他添加剂影响较小;以PAO为基础油的试样较250 N基础油成焦量明显下降,合成磺酸钙清净剂对250N基础油清净效果较PAO更好;黏度指数改进剂、复合剂、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺分散剂对油品100℃运动黏度变化影响较大,烘箱高温静置试验表明:乙丙共聚物黏指剂、酚型抗氧化剂使油品烘箱试验后100℃运动黏度下降。     

生物降解二冲程油中添加剂对清净性影响的研究

研究了添加剂对以合成酯为基础油的生物降解二冲程汽油机油（简称二冲程油）清净性的影响.经发动机台架试验,得出如下的结论：金属有灰清净剂有恶化生物降解二冲程油高温清净性的迹象;无灰清净分散剂能够有效地改善生物降解二冲程油高温清净性,但有一个最佳的性能/用量比例;高分子酰胺类与聚酰胺类添加剂复合使用有利于降低成本,提高油品的适应性;中碱、高碱抗粘环添加剂对活塞环粘结和整体清净性都有较大的改善作用,复合使用同样可以提高油品对使用条件的适应性;抗磨添加剂、抗氧剂和降凝剂对生物降解二冲程油的清净性影响不大。     

EGD级二冲程汽油机油清净性评定技术的研究

根据ISO EGD规范中要求的CEC L-079-T-97清净性评定标准方法,采用其规定的动力设备以及自行设计配套的测控设备,建立了EGD级二冲程油清净性评价系统。经校机试验证明:不同质量的油品,清净性指数有较大差异,具有良好的区分性;相同油品多次试验数据接近,重复性高;所得试验数据证明与国际领先水平的EGD评定技术与装备功能等效。     

基于积分方式变化的润滑油MOA检测界限值动态调整问题研究

介绍了MOA检测不同油品时,由于基础油组分和积分时间的变化造成的检测结果的差异.通过分析MOA实验条件和工作曲线的建立方法,选取影响界限值确定的实验条件中的积分方式进行实验研究,建立了MOA检测不同油品的结果之间的相关表达式.     

Influence of the type and concentration of synthetic components in motor oil formulations

A sixteen-test experimental design has been used to evaluate the influence offive factors which are of primary importance when formulating a semisynthetic engine oil. These are the package composition, the Viscosity Index Improver (VII) chemistry, the total synthetic concentration, the PAO-to-ester ratio and the origin of the ester. The subjects of interest in this work were the composition of the final formulation (percentage of Viscosity Index Improver, base oil balance, etc.) and the results of the sixteen formulations in laboratory screening tests for volatility, dispersancy, oxidation and detergency.     

Effect of base stocks on the automobile engine bearing

The government has required that engine oil viscosity be lowered and that highly refined base stocks be used in engine oils, with the aim of promoting low fuel consumption and developing long-life oils.To improve the reliability of automobile plain bearings by means of engine oils, we have developed a bearing test apparatus that uses a half-metal. Oil can be supplied through the oil supply port in the same way as in actual engines. In this apparatus, variable loads can be applied to the opposite side of the oil supply hole of the bearing by hydraulic pressure that is synchronized with the rotational speed of the shaft. The influence of the base stocks used for engine oils on the contact between the rotating shaft and the bearing metal, and on the bearing rotating torque generated by rotation of the shaft, were investigated.We found that the contact ratio and the bearing rotating torque varied with different types of base stock compositions, even if the base stocks had the same viscometric properties. Therefore, it is necessary to develop countermeasures to avoid adverse effects when lowering engine oil viscosity and using highly refined base stocks.     

Application of a new concept to detergency

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new concept in the detergency phenomenon for engines. It is well known that oil detergency is associated with additive adsorption, neutralisation of the acid formed, and insoluble encapsulation. However, the literature is poor in relation to the mechanical properties of oxidised oil film created during the coking process. Basic experiments taking a pure base oil and an overbased additivated oil show clearly two different types of mechanical behaviour in the burned oil film. The base oil creates a ductile film very adherent to the substrate. Conversely, the additivated film can be very brittle and shows clearly cohesive cracks followed by adhesive film-substrate cracks. A physico-mechanical model is proposed to explain the role played by the internal stress developed in the film during its gel state. This analysis leads to a simple thermooxidation laboratory test, where mechanical behaviour is evaluated by peeling and is correlated with engine detergency.     

船用中速机油使用性能的评定方法

通过对船用中速机油的现有台架进行改造,增加润滑油净化系统,建立了船用中速机油使用性能评定方法。该方法可模拟船舶发动机实际使用情况,考察船用中速机油受水污染后的碱值衰变、分水性能、活塞清净性及抗磨损等实际使用性能。通过对几种船用中速机油的评定试验表明,选择的试验条件合理,该评定方法可以满足评价油品综合性能的要求。     

高负荷增压柴油机油清净分散性的研究

通过正交实验设计方法,全面分析了柴油机油添加剂间的复合规律,重点研究了添加剂加量对油品清净分散性的影响,依据试验结果对15W／40 CE级高负荷增压柴油机油的配方进行优化。结果表明：用该配方调制出的柴油机油具有良好的高温清净分散性和较高的应用价值。     

Jojoba-oil-based two-stroke gasoline engine lubricant

Indigenous production of crude oil in India is far short of demand and crude oil must be imported especially for the production of high-quality lubricating oil base stocks. With a view to conserve and eventually replace petroleum base stocks, oil derived from jojoba is a possible substitute.Considering the requirements of small two-stroke gasoline engines and the properties of jojoba oil compared with conventional formulations, some experimental blends based on jojoba oil were prepared and screened for physico-chemical, wear and scuffing characteristics. As the results were encouraging, the piston-tightening, wear and deposit-forming tendencies were assessed in a short duration engine test. The results show that jojoba oil has a good potential to replace mineral oil base stocks in two-strole gasoline engine oil formulations.