掺铜二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备及其催化性能（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺铜量为0~2.0%(摩尔分数)的二氧化钛纳米颗粒。应用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和场发射电子显微镜(FE-SEM)技术对二氧化钛纳米颗粒的晶体结构、化学价态和形貌进行表征。样品的光学吸收性能用紫外-可见吸收光谱进行表征;其光催化性能通过在紫外-可见光照射下分解20 mg/L甲基橙溶液进行表征。结果表明,掺铜二氧化钛纳米颗粒具有比纯二氧化钛更优的光催化性能,尤其是铜掺杂量为1.0%的二氧化钛TiO2纳米颗粒具有最好的光催化性能。铜掺杂能提高二氧化钛在紫外-可见光区对光的吸收、减小电子-空穴对的复合,因此,铜掺杂使二氧化钛的光催化性能得到提高。     

B-Er共掺杂BiVO_4及对甲基橙的可见光光催化降解

采用柠檬酸络合法分别合成了B掺杂及B-Er共掺杂BiVO4可见光光催化剂,并对材料进行了XRD、SEM、EDS、BET和UV-vis等表征和分析。以光催化降解甲基橙溶液为探针反应,考察掺杂对BiVO4可见光催化活性的影响。结果表明:掺杂没有改变BiVO4晶型,掺杂前后均为单斜型,但B-Er共掺杂BiVO4的晶体粒径较单掺杂B和纯BiVO4减小。由UV-vis知,B-Er共掺杂BiVO4的光吸收强度大于单掺杂和纯BiVO4,光谱吸收红移程度大于单掺杂。B和Er共掺杂纳米BiVO4光催化剂产生协同效应,其光催化性能优于单掺杂B。当固定B为4%掺杂时,Er掺杂量为1%制备的B-Er共掺杂BiVO4,60 min对甲基橙的降解率达96.62%,较单掺杂B(37%)和纯样(20%)有明显提高。     

锌掺杂二氧化钛的制备及其催化降解亚甲基蓝

利用溶胶凝胶法制备了锌掺杂二氧化钛,用XRD研究了合成产物的晶型,利用紫外-可见分光光度计研究了二氧化钛对亚甲基蓝的降解能力。结果表明:合成得到的二氧化钛均为锐钛矿型,少量锌离子掺杂并未改变二氧化钛的晶型。锌离子掺杂量占钛酸四丁酯(TBT)质量的1.2%时,二氧化钛的光响应范围和光催化能力均达到最大值,其中光响应范围扩大至420nm,较未掺杂样品红移接近40nm,在紫外光和自然光下240min后,对10mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率分别达到97%和79%。     

掺杂锌提高TiO2光催化薄膜的杀菌功能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,利用旋涂技术,以钠钙硅酸盐玻璃为基片制备了掺杂锌的TiO2薄膜,并研究了醋酸锌含量及热处理温度对二氧化钛薄膜光催化性和杀菌性能的影响.掺杂锌提高了甲基橙在紫外线照射下的光催化降解效率,也改进了对大肠杆菌的杀菌能力.利用AFM观察了掺杂锌TiO2薄膜的形貌和粗糙度.掺杂锌量为4%,在550℃下热处理的4层TiO2薄膜具有较高的性能.     

Zr和N共掺杂TiO2的制备、表征及其光催化性能

利用水解沉淀法制备TiO2、N-TiO2、Zr-TiO2以及Zr和N共掺杂的纳米TiO2,用TEM、XRD、XPS和UV-Vis-DRs等方法对光催化剂的结构、元素组成和对可见光的响应等性能进行表征,并以甲基橙为目标降解物,测试其光催化降解效果。结果表明,Zr掺杂能够降低TiO2光催化剂的粒径;Zr和N共掺杂可以起到协同作用,提高样品的光催化活性,同时增强样品在可见光区的响应。Zr和N共掺杂TiO2在高压汞灯光照下比TiO2具有更好的光催化效果,2%Zr和N共掺杂TiO2光照3h后对甲基橙的降解率比纯TiO2提高32%。     

Ag+掺杂ZnWO4纳米棒的微波水热法合成及光催化性能

以硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)、和钨酸钠(Na2WO4·2H2O)作为起始反应物,利用微波水热法在200℃下合成纳米棒状钨酸锌。利用X-射线粉末衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜及能谱成分图谱等分析手段对纳米棒状钨酸锌粉体进行表征,并对不同Ag+掺杂量的ZnWO4纳米棒的光催化性能进行了研究。结果表明:Ag+成功的掺入ZnWO4纳米棒中;随着Ag+掺杂量的增加ZnWO4纳米棒的颗粒尺寸也不断增大;Ag+掺杂量2%时纳米棒状钨酸锌粉体的光催化性能最优,但是随着掺杂量的逐渐增加光催化性能反而降低。     

氮和硫共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂的制备及可见光活性研究

以钛酸四丁酯、三乙醇胺和硫脲为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了氮硫共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂,以XRD、DRS、PL、FTIR、SEM、TEM、XPS等手段对所制备的粉体进行了性能表征;并以日光色镝灯为光源,研究了催化剂对光降解甲基橙的活性.结果表明,除了700℃煅烧样品是锐钛矿和金红石晶型共存外,其它掺杂催化剂主要是锐钛矿晶型.不同温度煅烧的催化剂在波长低于550nm的可见光区域内都有高的吸光度.可见光光催化结果表明,500℃煅烧制得的掺杂氧化钛光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化活性,180min内对甲基橙溶液的降解率达到76.7%.     

电化学方法制备掺杂二氧化钛纳米管阵列

通过阳极氧化制备二氧化钛纳米管阵列。然后用制成的纳米管阵列作阴极、Pt作阳极,分别以Zr(NO3)4、NH4Cl及Zr(NO3)4和NH4Cl的混合溶液为电解液,制备锆掺杂、氮掺杂及锆、氮共掺杂二氧化钛纳米管阵列。通过FESEM、UV-vis 漫反射、XRD、XPS等手段对纳米管阵列进行表征。结果表明,制成的纳米管阵列管径约70 nm,管长约400 nm。共掺杂后的吸收带边有了明显的红移。在锆掺杂纳米管中锆含量是0.51%,氮掺杂纳米管中氮含量为1.92%,共掺杂中锆、氮含量分别是0.77%和1.29%（均为原子分数）。N1s峰在单独掺氮纳米管中是一个峰,而在混合掺杂中是双峰,说明氮在单独掺杂和混合掺杂中的存在状态并不一致。通过降解罗丹明B水溶液对其光催化性能进行检测。结果显示,锆掺杂可以增强TiO2 纳米管阵列在紫外光下的催化活性,氮掺杂提高了TiO2 纳米管阵列在可见区的光催化活性,锆、氮共掺杂产生了协同作用,使TiO2纳米管阵列的催化活性在紫外和可见区都得到了明显的提高。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2纳米颗粒及其光催化性能

考察了通过溶胶-凝胶法进行过渡金属(Fe3 、Zn2 、Co2 、Ni2 、Cr3 和Sn4 )和稀土元素(La3 、Pr3 、Nd3 、Ce4 、Sm3 、Tb3 、Eu.3 、Gd3 、Y3 和Dy3 )掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性,以及通过超声波处理反应过程中的溶胶所制备得到的TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性.结果表明:0.5%Sn4 、0.5%La3 、0.5%Y3 和0.5%Eu3 (质量分数)掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒在降解甲基橙溶液的反应中,其光催化活性提高2%～7%;其它的掺杂则使TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性降低0.5%～25%;在TiO2纳米颗粒的制备过程中,对溶胶进行超声辐照可使其光催化活性提高15%以上,这是提高TiO2纳米颗粒光催化活性的一条新途径.     

掺杂Y^3＋的纳米TiO2微粒的制备及其光催化性能

在Sol-Gel法制备纳米TiO2微粒的最佳制备条件的基础上，制备了掺杂稀土离子钇(Y^3 )的纳米TiO2复合粒子，并对这二者进行了XRD，TEM和DRS表征及光催化活性检验。结果表明，未经掺杂的TiO2与掺杂稀土Y^3 的TiO2均为锐钛和金红石的混合晶型，锐钛和金红石的比例约为3：1；掺杂抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长，使得TiO2粒径明显变小，其颗粒大小为10nm左右。用DRS表征微粒的光吸收能力和光吸收带边移动情况，发现掺杂导致了TiO2光吸收能力增强及吸收带边红移。通过对苯酚的光催化氧化降解研究，发现当Y^3 掺杂量(按质量)为1．5％时，TiO2光催化活性最高，与未掺杂的TiO2相比，其光催化活性提高约20％。     

Crystal structure analysis and thermoelectric properties of p-type pseudo-binary (Al2Te3)x–(Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3)1−x (x = 0 0.2) alloys prepared by spark plasma sintering

Sm³⁺-doped TiO₂ nanocrystalline has been successfully prepared by low temperature combustion synthesis (LCS). Results showed that the samarium doping was found to be able to significantly inhibit the anatase–rutile phase transformation. Photocatalytic degradation experiments indicated that doping samarium ions in TiO₂ could enhance photocatalytic activity in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. The increase in photocatalytic activity is probably due to prevention of electron–hole recombination and the existence of a synergistic effect between anatase and rutile. The highest enhancement in photoreactivity was obtained at 0.5 mol% samarium ions doping, which may be in favor of the most efficient separation of the charge carriers. It has been found that the photocatalytic activity is drastically increased under the presence of a small amount of anatase phase (only 5.9% anatase) compared to pure rutile, and the sample calcined at 600 °C with 51.61% rutile shows the highest photocatalytic activity, which suggests the existence of a synergistic effect between anatase and rutile powders in the Sm³⁺-doped TiO₂, which is similar to that of undoped TiO₂.     

Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO:Ag Nanopowders Through the Addition of Bamboo Charcoal:An Efficient Natural Adsorbent

This research article explains the removal of methylene blue(MB)and malachite green(MG)from aqueous solution using adsorption/photodegradation activity of Zn O:Ag/bamboo charcoal(BC)nanocomposite.In addition,the antibacterial studies of the prepared samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)Gram-positive and Escherichia coli(E.coli)Gram-negative bacteria by the well diffusion method.The Zn O:Ag/BC nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared with Zn O:Ag.Remarkable degradation efficiencies of 93.95%(MB)and 95.75%(MG)were recorded for Zn O:Ag/BC nanocomposite after 45 min.The degradation process follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics.The rate constant of Zn O:Ag/BC nanocomposite is two times greater than that of pristine Zn O nanopowder for the degradation of MB dye,while for MG dye degradation,it is three times.It is found that the Zn O:Ag/BC nanocomposite shows a higher rate of dye removal due to excellent adsorbing properties of bamboo charcoal(BC).The Zn O:Ag/BC nanocomposite showed better antibacterial properties compared to Zn O:Ag.In this study,the samples were prepared using a simple and low-cost soft chemical route and they were characterized by optical,structural,surface morphological,antibacterial and photocatalytic properties.These characterization studies substantiate the discussions on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of the synthesized samples.     

Comparison of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 film doped nonuniformly by Mn and Zn

1INTRODUCTIONHeterogeneous photocatalysis attracts muchattention as a friendly environment technique valu-able for water and air purification.However,thereare some problems in application,and one of thekey problems is the low photon-quantum efficien-cy.From1990s,the modification of Ti O2by metalions has become a hot topic,andthe effect of metal(such as Cu,Fe,Ag,Au,Pt,W,V,Pb,Cr,Rh,Co and Ni)ions doping on photocatalytic ac-tivity of Ti O2has been studied widely[14].Howev-er,there wer…     

高活性纳米二氧化钛光催化剂的溶胶-凝胶法制备和表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了纳米二氧化钛光催化剂,利用X-射线衍射、原子力显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计等测试技术研究了纳米二氧化钛的形态结构特征及其光催化性能,并探讨了甲基橙溶液的初始pH值和初始浓度、涂膜次数、光源种类、光照时间对光催化降解反应的影响机制.研究结果表明,采用紫外光源照射20min,纳米二氧化钛薄膜对甲基橙的光催化降解效率达到98%,纳米二氧化钛具有高光催化活性.     

Influence of Sn,Cd, and Si addition on the electrochemical performance of Al–Zn–In sacrificial anodes

Overcoming the reduction of current efficiency and stacking of corrosion products on the surface of Al–Zn–In sacrificial anodes after long-term use is of great significance for Al–Zn–In alloy as an anode material for cathodic protection of steel structures in seawater. In this study, four different sacrificial anode materials were prepared based on the Al-6Zn-0.03In (wt%) alloy without and with the addition of alloying elements of Sn, Cd, and Si, respectively. The influence of the addition of Sn, Cd, and Si on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the Al–Zn–In anode was investigated by optical microscopy and electrochemical measurements. The results show that the introduction of Sn, Cd, and Si changes the microdendrite structure of Al–Zn–In to equiaxed grain. The added Sn, Cd, and Si alloys have more negative and stable working potential and uniformly dissolved morphology. The actual capacity and current efficiency of aluminum alloys increase from 2,000.6 Ah/kg and 70.7% of Al–Zn–In alloy to 2,539.4 Ah/kg and 88.6% of Al–Zn–In–Sn, 2,437.3 Ah/kg and 85.5% of Al–Zn–In–Cd and 2,500.4 Ah/kg and 88.8% of Al–Zn–In–Si alloys, respectively.     

Zn与Ti摩尔比对磁控溅射TiO2-ZnO异质复合薄膜微观结构及光催化性能的影响

利用磁控溅射离子镀技术制备系列TiO 2-ZnO异质复合薄膜,通过调节溅射靶材电流的大小控制薄膜中n（Zn）/n（Ti）值。采用AFM﹑SEM﹑Raman和XPS手段表征薄膜的微观形貌和结构,并以甲基橙作为光催化污染物,研究n（Zn）/n（Ti）对TiO 2-ZnO复合薄膜微观结构及光催化性能的影响。结果表明：随着n（Zn）/n（Ti）的增大,复合薄膜的晶粒尺寸先减小而后增大,其粗糙度也先增大而后减小,且均在n（Zn）/n（Ti）为1/9.3时达到极值;n（Zn）/n（Ti）对薄膜中元素Ti和Zn的价态无明显影响,均以TiO 2和ZnO形式存在,但比值的大小影响薄膜退火后TiO 2中锐钛矿/金红石异质结的数量;n（Zn）/n（Ti）越大,复合薄膜的光响应范围及吸光度越大,其响应光谱最大可扩展150 nm,波长可至450 nm,但异质复合薄膜光催化效果与其并不对应,取决于ZnO对TiO 2复合薄膜微观结构的影响,当n（Zn）/n（Ti）为1/9.3时,薄膜的降解速率最大,光催化能力最好。     

Effect of structure and morphology on photocatalytic properties of TiO2 layers

TiO₂ layers were deposited by reactive pulse magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 400 °C on float glass. The total pressure during the deposition was varied between 0.3 and 3 Pa for modification of the surface morphology.The morphology of 500 nm thick layers was analyzed by AFM and SEM investigations. X-ray diffraction investigations reveal that the structure consists mainly of anatase and small contents of rutile phase. With increasing total pressure from 0.3 to 1.2 Pa the average roughness value (Ra) is increased from 4.5 to 8.0 nm. The lateral grain size on layer surface determined by AFM amounts to between 75 and 100 nm. By a further increase of total pressure to 2 Pa and 3 Pa the formation of a nanocrystalline microstructure with grain size less than 50 nm can be recognized. Simultaneously the Ra value is reduced to 2.4 nm.The effect of structure and morphology on photocatalytic activity of the layers was determined by the decomposition of methylene blue solution under UV-A radiation. For total pressures between 0.3 and 1.2 Pa the photocatalytic activity is drastically enhanced by increasing roughness and therefore higher free surface area for the photocatalytic reaction. In contrast the formation of nanocrystalline structure at higher total pressures of 2 and 3 Pa is linked with a deterioration of photocatalytic properties. This effect can be explained mainly by the high defect density of these layers and therefore high recombination rates for electron hole pairs.     

Effect of addition of Si on microstructure,mechanical properties,bio-corrosion and cytotoxicity of Mg-6Al-1Zn alloy

The Mg-6Al-4Zn alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA) and hot pressing to serve as biodegradable metal implant. The influence of addition of 1% Si (mass fraction) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and bio-corrosion behavior of Mg-6Al-1Zn alloy was studied using X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, compression test, as well as immersion, electrochemical test and MTT assay. The results showed that the addition of 1% Si to Mg-6Al-1Zn alloy led to the formation of fine Mg₂Si phase with polygonal shape, and increased compressive strength, elongation and improved corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the cell viability of Saos-2 cells has been improved by addition of 1% Si to Mg-6Al-1Zn alloy. According to the results, the magnesium ions released in the methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) test have not shown any cell toxicity. All these indicated that the addition of 1% Si improved the properties of Mg-6Al-4Zn alloy for using as a biodegradable implant.     

Glucose-mediated solution-solid route for easy synthesis of Ag/ZnO particles with superior photocatalytic activity and photostability

In this paper, we report an effective glucose-assisted solution-solid process for preparing Ag/ZnO photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic performance. The solution-solid route included first formation of a glucose-Zn-Ag precursor containing Zn and Ag source in glucose framework (solution-phase stage) and subsequent heat treatment of the precursor to obtain Ag/ZnO particles (solid-phase stage). Ag/ZnO particles could be prepared on large scale through this solution-solid process (about 1.5 g for each time synthesis and could be easily scaled up). Also, the result of photocatalytic test indicates that the material exhibits superior photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of organic dye Rhodamine B. Notably, no obvious loss of catalytic activity was observed after ten cycles, indicating the excellent photostability of Ag/ZnO particles.     

g-C3N4/TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及光催化性能的研究

目的 获得在可见光下光催化活性较好,且可回收、可重复利用的光催化材料。方法 在钛基底上采用阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列（TiO2 NTAs）,将TiO2 NTAs在10%尿素溶液中浸渍不同时间后,在氮气保护下高温热分解,制备g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs复合薄膜。采用XRD、SEM、TEM对复合薄膜进行物相及形貌的表征,在可见光照射下,通过亚甲基蓝溶液的催化降解实验来评估复合薄膜的光催化活性。结果 在10%尿素溶液中浸渍不同时间后所获得的g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs样品,其可见光催化活性均较纯TiO2 NTAs有所提高,而且随浸渍时间的增加,其可见光催化活性依次增加。浸渍时间为6 h的g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs样品,在可见光下的光催化活性最高,在120 min内对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达73%。继续增加浸渍时间,所获得的TiO2 NTAs样品的可见光催化活性有所降低。结论 g-C3N4与TiO2 NTAs复合,可以有效提高TiO2 NTAs的光催化活性,其原因是g-C3N4的复合提高了载流子的传递效率,同时也提高了对可见光的吸收。