S2O82-/ZrO2-MxOy(M=Al,Fe,Si)固体超强酸催化剂的研制

通过沉淀-浸渍法制备一系列氧化物S2O82-/ZrO2-MxOy(M=Al, Fe, Si)固体超强酸催化剂,用乙酸和异丁醇的酯化反应研究制备条件对催化剂活性的影响.实验结果表明,添加不同的氧化物对催化剂的酯化反应催化活性有不同的影响.其中n(Zr):n(Si)=1:3的催化剂对乙酸和异丁醇的酯化反应具有很高的催化活性.用XRD、SEM、IR和化学分析等手段分析S2O82-/ZrO2-MxOy(M=Al, Fe, Si)体系的晶化过程、比表面积、含硫量.结果表明,晶化温度、比表面积和含硫量均明显影响S2O82-/ZrO2-MxOy(M=Al, Fe, Si)体系的酸性强弱.     

镍系催化丁二烯聚合动力学研究——Ⅰ聚合速率方程

本文报道了 (BF_3·0Et_2+n—C_8H_(17)OH)(简称Ni—Al—B)体系催化丁二烯聚合动力学研究结果,得到聚合速率方程式为 -d[Bd]/dt=k[Ni]~0[A1]~(-1)[B]~0[Bd],A1/B≤1 -d[Bd]/dt=k′[Ni]~0[A1]~(-1)[B][Bd],A1/B>1 聚合表观活化能为49.2kJ·mol~(-1)。     

Effect of magnesium on the C-S-H nanostructure evolution and aluminate phases transition in cement-slag blend

The microstructural study was conducted on cement and cement-slag pastes immersed in different concentrations of Mg(NO_3)_2 solutions utilizing ~(29)Si, ~(27)Al NMR spectroscopy and XRD techniques. The results show that the hydration of both the cement and cement-slag pastes is delayed when the pastes are cured in Mg(NO_3)_2 solutions as compared to the pastes cured in water. Moreover, Mg~(2+) ions also exhibit an decalcifying and dealuminizing effect on the C-A-S-H in cement and cement-slag pastes, and thereby decrease Ca/Si and Al[4]/Si ratios of the C-A-S-H. The dealuminization of C-A-S-H is mitigated for cement-slag paste as compared to pure cement paste. The depolymerized calcium and aluminum ions from C-A-S-H gel mainly enter the pore solution to maintain the pH value and form Al~[6] in TAH, respectively. On the other hand, Mg~(2+) ions exert an impact on the intra-transition between Al~[6] species, from AFm and hydrogarnet to hydrotalcite-like phase. NO_3~-ions are interstratified in the layered Mg-Al structure and formed nitrated hydrotalcite-like phase(Mg_(1-x)Al_x(OH)_2(NO_3)_x·nH_2O). Results from both ~(27)Al NMR and XRD data show that ettringite seems not to react with Mg~(2+) ions.     

Crystallization kinetics of amorphous Nd_(3.6)Pr_(5.4)Fe_(83)Co_3B_5 and preparation of α-Fe/Nd_2Fe_(14)B nanocomposite magnets by controlled melt-solidification technique

1　INTRODUCTIONNanocompositeexchangecoupledmagnetsconsistingofafinemixtureofhardandsoftmagneticphaseshaveat tractedmuchattentionforpotentialpermanentmagnetde velopment,sincetheycould ,byexchangecoupling[1] ,potentiallyprovideamaximumenergyproduct [(BH) max]inexcessof 80 0kJ·m- 3[2 ] .Uptonow ,manynanocom positemagnetsystems,includingNd2 Fe14 B/Fe3B ,R2 Fe14 B/Fe,R2 Fe14 C/Fe (R =Nd ,Pr) ,Sm2 Fe17Nx/Fe ,andSm2 (Fe,Si) 17Cx/Fe[3] ,havebeenextensivelystudied .Unfortunately,inprac…     

Evaluation of Fracture Toughness of Al-Cu-Fe-B Quasicrystal

1　IntroductionTheapplicationsofthequasicrystals (QCs)haveal waysbeenemphasized ,astheyhaveaseriesofunusualphysicalandchemicalproperties (forexample ,highhard ness ,lowsurfaceenergyandfrictionalcoefficient) ,result ingfromitsaperiodicalstructure .Manystudies[1-3 ] indi catedthatmostQCsareverybrittleatroomtemperatureandveryeasilytobefracturedevenifhavingverysmalldeformation .Athightemperature ,Al Cu TMQCs (TM =Fe B ,Cr ,Si)showahighplasticityaftercompressiontesting .ForAl Cu FeQCs ,asm…     

镍系胶体催化剂耐热性能的研究

研究了 Ni( naph) 2 - Al( i- Bu) 3- BF3- OEt2 催化体系的耐热性能。实验给出 n( Al) /n( Ni)比是影响催化剂耐热性的主要因素 ,n( Al) /n( B)比是影响催化剂活性与聚合物分子量的关键因素。并得到了在聚合温度为 90℃时催化剂各组分的较佳配比 :n( Al) /n( Ni)=1 2 ,n( Al) /n( B) =0 .6,n( Al) /n( Bd) =9× 1 0 - 5。按此配比制备催化剂催化丁二烯聚合 ,转化率可达 90 %以上 ,聚合物相对分子质量 30万左右 ,凝胶含量几乎为零。这表明催化剂并没有因高温而失活     

工业磷肥副产氟硅酸合成硅铝MCM-41介孔分子筛的研究

以工业副产氟硅酸为硅源,九水合硝酸铝（Al（NO₃）3·9（H2O））为铝源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 （CTAB）为模板剂,在溶胶混合物的组成为:n（SiO2）∶n［Al（NO₃）3·9（H₂O）］∶n（NH₃·H₂O）∶n（CTAB）= 1∶0.01-0.10∶10∶0.25-1.00∶150（摩尔比）的条件下,水热合成含铝硅基介孔分子筛Si/Al-MCM-41. 对水热合成过程中的Si/Al比,模板剂的用量,水热温度和时间等条件以及模板剂的脱除方式对分子筛结构的影响进行了研究. 并通过X射线荧光光谱仪,氮气吸脱附,透射电镜,热重分析等对样品进行表征. 结果表明:在合成条件为: n（CTAB）/n（Si）=2,水热温度70 ℃,时间5 h得到的样品的比表面积和孔体积较大,分别为1 086 m2/g和0.70 cm3/g.     

热压烧结Ti3SiC2材料的性能

热压烧结n(TiC)∶n(Ti)∶n(Si)∶n(Al)=2∶1∶1∶0.2的混合粉末制备了含铝Ti3SiC2材料并研究了它的力学性能、电性能、热性能和高温氧化性能。该试样的抗压强度、弯曲强度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度分别为854MPa、420MPa、5.8MPa·m1/2和3.5～5.0GPa;25℃和800℃时的电导率分别为4.3×106S/m和1.0×106S/m;热膨胀系数为9.0×10-6/K。固溶在基体中的Al改变了材料的氧化机理,氧化过程中Al的向外扩散代替了Ti的向外扩散,并在表面形成致密以αAl2O3为主要成分的氧化膜,提高了材料的抗氧化性能。     

Recovery of zinc from low-grade zinc oxide ores by solvent extraction

1　INTRODUCTIONZincoxideoresarethemainsourceofzincmetalaf terzincsulfideores .Withtheescalatingdepletionofzincsulfideores,zincoxideoresincludingwillemite(Zn2 SiO4 ) ,hemimorphite[Zn4 (Si2 O7) (OH)·H2 O]andsmithsonite (ZnCO3) ,becameanimportantsourceofzinc[1] .InChina,zincoxideoresarerelativelyabundant,whicharemainlystoredinsouthwestandnorth westChi na,suchasYunnan ,Sichuan ,GuangxiandGansuprovince[2 ] .Manystudieshavebeendoneontheconcentrationofzincoxideores,yettheprogressesaresli…     

离子液体[HMIM]Br和[HMIM]BF4对SiO2气凝胶制备的影响

利用离子液体[HMIM]Br、[HMIM]BF4作催化剂,TEOS作前驱体在常压下制备出了高孔隙率块状SiO2气凝胶,并研究了离子液体对气凝胶制备的影响.离子液体[HMIM]BF4比[HMIM]Br拥有更好的催化性能,可以大大缩短凝胶时间,且两种离子液体制备凝胶过程中,凝胶时间都随n(IL)/n(Si)的增加而逐渐延长.在n(IL)/n(Si)=1.5时,制得密度最小、孔隙率最大的气凝胶;n(IL)/n(Si)>1.5时,随离子液体的摩尔比率的增加,气凝胶的密度增大,孔隙率、成块性和透明性逐渐降低.     

Cu-Cr2O3/Al2O3催化剂上乳酸乙酯加氢制丙二醇研究

在间歇反应器上考察了通过共沉淀法制备得到的一系列不同负载的Cu-Cr2O3/Al2O3催化剂的催化加氢效果.研究结果表明:当n(Cu)∶n(Cr)=2∶1时有最佳的催化剂活性,n(Cu)∶n(Cr)=1∶1时有最佳的1,2-丙二醇选择性.在反应温度为200℃、氢气压力为3MPa、搅拌速率为500r/min和n(Cu)∶n(Cr)=2∶1的Cu-Cr2O3/Al2O3催化剂作用下,反应6h,实现了乳酸乙酯的完全转化,其中1,2-丙二醇的收率达到了95.3%.     

具有二阶细焦点的二次系统

文[1-3]证明了三阶细焦点外围无环。具细焦点的二次系统在非奇异线性变换下可以化成[4] ax/dt=-y+ax~2+bxy,dy/dt=x+lx~2+mxy+ny~2 (1)原点为二阶细焦点的充要条件为[5]: W_1=a(b-2l)-m(l+n)=0, W_2=a(2a+m)(3a-m)[a~2(b-2l-n)+(n+l)~2(n-b)]≠0 (2)[6]研究b=0的情形,证明了W_2W_3>0时二阶细焦点外围无环(此处W_3=a~2l(2a+m)(2l+n)[a~2(b-2l-n)+(l+n)~2(n-b)])。b≠0时可设b=1,此时文[7-8]研究了n=0,±1,±1/2的情形,也证明了当W_2W_3>0时二阶细焦点外围无环。本文考虑较为一般的情形:b=1,n>1,也证明了W_2W_3>0时二阶细焦点外围无环。     

Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2-TiO2复合溶胶的制备工艺

以Al(NO3)3.9H2O、Si(OC2H5)4、ZrOCl2.8H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,用sol-gel法通过分步水解得到透明稳定性能好的复合溶胶,并采用XRD和SEM等测试技术对复合溶胶的相组成及其微观形貌进行了表征。实验发现:ZrOCl2.8H2O的预水解溶液的pH<1,用它作为胶溶剂可合成性能好的复合溶胶;若不加硅烷偶联剂,当Al、Si物质的量比n(Al)∶n(Si)<2∶1时,得不到性能稳定的复合溶胶;改变Ti组分的加入量,复合薄膜的主晶相将发生改变。     

SAPO-34分子筛的制备与表征

采用水热合成法制备SAPO-34分子筛,并考察了SiO2/Al2O3、H2O/Al2O3、晶化温度对SAPO-34分子筛合成的影响,进一步采用XRD、粒度分布、SEM对合成的分子筛进行表征.实验结果表明,当物料摩尔配比为n(Al2O3)∶n(P2O5)∶n(SiO2)∶n(TEA)∶n(H2O)=1∶1∶0.8∶3∶60,晶化温度为200℃,晶化时间为48 h时,合成的SAPO-34分子筛相对结晶度高,粒度分布较均匀,平均粒径为7.5μm.     

杯芳烃钕配合物的合成及其催化丁二烯聚合

首次应用新型配体—杯芳烃钕配合物与三异丁基铝构成催化体系催化丁二烯聚合 .研究发现杯[6 ,8]芳烃钕 / Al(i- Bu) 3 /汽油体系中当 Al/ Nd=4 0～ 10 0 ,50℃时具有中等催化聚合活性 ,所制得聚丁二烯的粘均分子量为 10～ 2 0万 ,顺 - 1,4结构含量为 89%左右 .添加适量 Al2 Et3 Cl3 ,或 Al(i- Bu) 2 Cl能提高催化活性 ,5℃聚合所得产物顺 - 1,4结构含量可达 96 % .     

Chemical Reaction Between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Titanate Coupling Agent with X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

1　IntroductionPolyvinylalcohol (PVA)isoneofthecomponentsofthehighaluminacement (HAC)basedmacrodefectfree(MDF)compositematerials .Thepolymernotonlyactsasarheologicalaidthatfacilitateseffectiveparticlepacking ,butitschemicalreactionwiththecementhydrationprod uctsalsocontributestothesuperiormechanicalpropertiesofthecomposites[1] .TheHAC MDFmicrostructurecon sistsofunreactedcementgrains ,thebulkpolymer ,andtheinterphaseregionscomposedofamixturephaseofcrystallineCa2 Al2 O5·8H2 Oandamorpho…     

PI/Al_2O_3/SiO_2杂化薄膜的力学及电学性能

采用原位聚合法制备掺杂无机粒子质量分数从1%~5%的PI/Si O2/Al2O3纳米杂化薄膜.通过SEM发现无机纳米Al2O3和纳米Si O2颗粒在聚酰亚胺基体中有很好的相容性和分散性,其颗粒尺寸大约在100 nm左右.采用万能试验机和宽频介电谱分析仪研究不同浓度Al2O3和Si O2的掺杂对PI薄膜的力学性能和电学性能的影响.当质量分数为3%的时候,杂化薄膜力学性能最佳,具有最大的拉伸强度(36.143MPa)和断裂伸长率(10.88%).并且在100Hz下它相比于其它含量的杂化薄膜,具有最小的介电常数(6.76)、介电损耗(0.01)和电导率(3.94×10-12S·m-1).     

Effect of ~3B Group in Rings on Special Dispersion of B_2O_3-SiO_2-ZrO_2-Ta_2O_5-Na_2O System Glass

Borosilicate glasses,with x B_2O_3-(60-x)SiO_2-8ZrO_2-8Ta_2O_5-24Na_2O(7≤x≤59 mol%)composition,were fabricated by melt-quenching technique.NMR,UV-Vis,Raman and IR spectroscopic studies were utilized to investigate the structure of fabricated glasses.The NMR spectrum was deconvoluted into five Gaussian bands,assigned to ~4B(0B,4Si),~4B(1B,3Si),~4B(2B,2Si),~3B(rings)and ~3B(loose),to get their quantitative information.The relative dispersion deviation?P_(g,F) was attributed to the relative quantity of ~3B(rings)but not all ~3B groups,and B_2O_3 existed mainly as[BO_3]in rings firstly,and then as[BO_3]in loose condition.The UV-Vis spectra revealed that the quantity of non-bridging oxygen increased firstly and then decreased with increasing concentration of B_2O_3.Acting as complementary techniques,Raman and IR measurements revealed that four-coordinated boron and silica mainly existed as ~4B-O-B,and Si-O-Si in Q~2,respectively,as chain structure but not framework structure,and[B?_4]units prefered connections with borate rather than with silicate entities of the glass network in these studied glasses.In addition,the conclusion also certified that ~3B in"loose"condition located in lower wavenumbers between 1 200-1 600 cm~(-1) in Raman spectra.     

铝硼硅系玻璃中Al2O3,B2O3对化学稳定性的影响

采用熔融退火方法制备SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3-RO MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO)系玻璃.玻璃的成分范围如下SiO2(66mol%),B2O3(6.38-12.94mol%),Al2O3(9.06-15.62 mol%),∑RO(12 mol%).研究了Al2O3/B2O3比例变化对玻璃化学稳定性能的影响.结果表明在研究的成分范围内,随着n(Al2O3/B2O3)的增加,对耐水、耐酸性都出现了转折点,样品中G2(n(Al2O3/B2O3)=1.20)成分的耐水、酸性最好;耐碱性能先减弱后增强,样品中G3(n(Al2O3/B2O3)=1.70)成分的耐碱性最好.     

Optimization of material structure of ploy-Si thin film based on Al induced crystallization

Based on Al induced crystallization (AIC) method, influences of different material structures on formation and characteristics of ploy-silicon thin films were studied and optimized. Al-Si films on glass with different structures (Si/Al/Glass, Al/Si/Glass, Si/Al/…/Si/Al/Glass) were deposited on glass substrates by sputtering method. All samples were annealed for MIC with varied time processes under 500℃ N2 environment. X-ray diffraction test and scanning electron microscope were adopted to characterize cryst...