300 MW机组高压加热器泄漏原因分析与处理措施

针对华电国际莱城电厂高压加热器恶劣环境引起的钢管泄漏问题,阐述了高压加热器泄漏现象和对机组的影响,并分析了高压加热器泄漏的原因.通过对比高压加热器解列前后的参数变化,提出合理的处理措施.实践证明,及早发现并正确处理高压加热器泄漏,能够避免事故扩大,保证机组安全经济运行.     

200MW机组高压加热器随机启动

电厂高压加热器系统泄漏是一个普遍现象。文章就高压加热器的泄漏原因、解决方法、结果作了深入的探讨，对所有200MV机组防治高压加热器泄漏有一定的借鉴作用。     

300 MW机组高压加热器泄漏原因分析和对策

高压加热器的运行性能和可靠性直接影响机组的经济性及安全性。平凉电厂2号机组3号高压加热器因运行中多次发生泄漏而频繁更换管束。通过对疏水调节系统和运行水位进行分析,查明高压加热器泄漏产生的原因,并给出了预防管束泄漏所采取的措施。     

一起汽轮机进水事件原因分析

阐述了高压加热器泄漏的现象及对发电机组的影响,针对抽汽逆止门和电动门关闭不严密引起汽轮机进水、汽轮机上下缸温差大、动静摩擦等故障的潜在风险,提出了高压加热器泄漏预防措施,以保证机组安全稳定运行.     

高压加热器运行中存在的问题及对策

指出了火力电厂高压加热器泄漏的现象,高压加热器泄漏后对机组的影响,针对高压加热器存在的管子及胀口泄漏、给水自动旁路密封不佳、疏水系统自动投入不良等一些较普遍的问题,分析问题的成因,提出针对性的处理对策。     

提高高压加热器抢修效率的方法

广州珠江电厂1号机组1,2,3号高压加热器是由哈尔滨锅炉厂制造的,型号分别为GJ-1100-1型、GJ-1180-2型、GJ-820-3型,于1997年投产,其中3号高压加热器的运行状况较差.到目前为止,珠江电厂因高压加热器管子泄漏或管内有杂物而封堵的管子已多达150根,超过了管子总数的10%,在运行中,管子经常出现泄漏,不得不退出系统进行抢修.……     

600MW超临界汽轮机高压加热器泄漏原因分析及处理

某电厂2号600MW超临界机组在商业运行2年后,3号高压加热器出现了管系泄漏.分析了造成3号高压加热器漏泄的各种因素,指出了管系的高温腐蚀和热冲击是造成高压加热器漏泄的主要原因.对此,从运行中的监视维护、高压加热器启停的操作等方面提出了针对性的解决方案和预防措施,对泄漏管进行了封堵及严控水质和正确的启停操作以防较大的热冲击并建议更换耐高温管.有效地防止了漏管的蔓延,确保了高压加热器的安全稳定及经济运行.     

电站高压给水加热器换热管主要失效模式分析

随着火电机组频繁且深度调峰,回热系统中给水高压加热器失效频率逐年增高,尤其是3号高压加热器,该高加运行工况恶劣,抽汽温度较高,给水温度低,极易出现换热管失效泄漏,最终导致高加整体解列,若处理不及时将严重影响机组的安全性、稳定性与经济效益。对电站高压给水加热器主要失效模式进行归纳、总结及分析,以便对电厂处理换热管泄漏提供参考作用。     

华能岳阳电厂2×362.5MW机组高压加热器U型管泄漏原因分析

根据华能岳阳电厂２×３６２．５ＭＷ机组高压加热器运行的实际情况，从制造，运行和检修方面分析了高压加热器管系中管口及管本身泄漏的原因，并介绍了消除其泄漏的方法及措施。     

300MW机组高压加热器泄漏原因分析及预防措施

大坝电厂300MW机组运行中,#3高压加热器泄漏频繁,严重影响机组的安全性和经济性,根据高加的实际运行情况,对#3高加泄漏的原因进行了分析,并提出了预防措施。     

超临界机组高压加热器解列扰动下的主蒸汽温度特性及其控制优化

分析了超临界机组高压加热器(高加)解列扰动下的主蒸汽温度特性,以及不同给水控制方式在扰动工况下引起主蒸汽温度和给水流量的大幅度波动等问题,提出了引入能够及时反映高加解列扰动信号的改进方案.仿真试验表明,改进后的给水控制方式不仅可以有效地克服高加解列的扰动,而且对克服单台高加退出或其它原因引起的给水温度变化也是有效的.     

远场涡流检测技术在高压加热器检验中的应用

远场涡流探伤是一门新的无损检测技术。为此，对远场涡流检测技术的理论作了研究分析，归纳总结了其与普通涡流检测技术相比所具有的优势该技术被应用在高压加热器钢管的质量检验中，取得了良好的效果，为钢管质量监督提供了可行有效的手段。     

Experimental investigation of heat transfer during condensation of steam from a steam-water mixture on cold water jets at high pressure

Results from experimental investigations of heat transfer during the condensation of steam from a steam-water mixture on cold water jets at high pressure are presented. These data are essential for developing high-pressure direct-contact feedwater heaters, such as those for power units at nuclear power stations equipped with lead-cooled reactors.     

Header-platen high-pressure heaters

We present a new schematic design of high-pressure heaters for the regeneration systems of turbine units used at nuclear and thermal power stations, which features better reliability, smaller weight and overall dimensions, and higher thermal efficiency as compared with those characteristic for the design of the well-known types of heaters. We also show that it is possible to construct heaters for high pressures typical for supercritical-pressure boilers with the use of existing domestically made materials.     

Statistical simulation of failures of heat exchangers in developing a comprehensive system for monitoring the state of steam-turbine units

Results from statistical simulation of damages to the tube systems of the condensers and high-pressure heaters used in steam-turbine units are presented. The flow of failures of high-pressure heaters is described, using which their failure rates are estimated, and data are given that allow measures to be recommended on improving the system of maintenance activities for these apparatuses.     

660 MW机组给水泵入口管道的设计优化

分析了防止给水泵前置泵发生汽蚀的校核方法,结合邯峰电厂660 MW机组前置泵入口管道的具体设计,对管道选型尺寸方案进行了优化.本优化方案对同类型电厂具有较大的借鉴意义.     

烟道式低压给水加热器经济性分析

通过135 MW机组的实例,以量化的概念,从锅炉热效率、汽轮机功率、给水泵和引风机增加的功耗以及烟道式低压给水加热器的投资等方面,分析了烟道式低压给水加热器的经济性;指出利用这一方法取代汽轮机热力系统中第二级低压加热器的部分功能是不可取的。     

电站高压加热器最佳更换周期的研究

高压加热器作为电站的一种主要辅助设备,其运行直接影响机组的出力。高压加热器设备最佳更新周期的研究是以其经济寿命为研究前提,以提高其工作效率,降低其维修成本,使机组安全、可靠、经济地运行为目的,来确定其科学合理的使用年限。文中根据高压加热器的可靠性特点,在分析高压加热器运行规律和故障特征的基础上,利用技术经济学中的年均总费用最小法,通过充分考虑电站高加停运造成的经济损失的前提下,建立高压加热器的最佳更新周期动态数学模型。利用模型对某厂2号机组高压加热器进行了计算和分析,得出其科学合理的使用寿命。模型为电力企业科学及时地更换高压加热器,减少企业不必要的经济损失提供了理论依据,可供发电企业管理者和检修技术人员参考。     

Some perspective decisions for the regeneration system equipment of the thermal and nuclear power plants decreasing the probability of water ingress into the turbine and rotor acceleration by return steam flow

The regeneration system heaters are one of the sources of possible ingress of the water into the turbine. The water penetrates into the turbine either at the heaters overflow or with the return flow of steam generated when the water being in the heater boils up in the dynamic operation modes or at deenergization of the power-generating unit. The return flow of steam and water is dangerous to the turbine blades and can result in the rotor acceleration. The known protective devices used to prevent the overflow of the low-pressure and high-pressure heaters (LPH and HPH), of the horizontal and vertical heaters of heating-system water (HWH and VWH), as well as of the deaerators and low-pressure mixing heaters (LPMH) were considered. The main protective methods of the steam and water return flows supplied by the heaters in dynamic operation modes or at deenergization of the power-generating unit are described. Previous operating experience shows that the available protections do not fully prevent water ingress into the turbine and the rotor acceleration and, therefore, the development of measures to decrease the possibility of ingress of the water into the turbine is an actual problem. The measures allowing eliminating or reducing the water mass in the heaters are expounded; some of them were designed by the specialists of OAO Polzunov Scientific and Development Association on Research and Design of Power Equipment (NPO CKTI) and are efficiently introduced at heat power plants and nuclear power plants. The suggested technical solutions allow reducing the possibility of the water ingress into the turbine and rotor acceleration by return steam flow in the dynamic operation modes or in the case of power generating unit deenergization. Some of these solutions have been tested in experimental–industrial exploitation and can be used in industry.     

电厂空气预热器漏风率的测量

空气预热器的作用是回收烟气热量并对一、二次风进行加热,其性能对大型电站锅炉的热效率有显著影响。电站锅炉一般采用回转式的空气预热器,由于动静间隙的存在,一部分空气流入烟气中形成"漏风"。漏风率可以通过测量空气预热器出入口的烟气氧量进行计算得出,但该方法存在较大不确定性,且实施过程复杂烦琐,高精度和易于实施的测量方法仍是试验研究的重要方向。对空气预热器的漏风进行热平衡分析,得出了计算漏风的可行方法。得益于温度测量的较高精度,提供的方法能够分辨出漏风率的细小变化。生产现场一般都具备充分的温度测量装置,并且温度测量的实施较为方便,因而本方法有益于对漏风率的变化情况进行现场监测。