Heawood反例图的全部四着色

本文首次报告了Heawood反例图的全部四着色.它可以用一个树林来描述.树林的每个分支是一棵四着色树.四着色树是一个根树.根节点Cr是Heawood反例图的一个四着色.根树其它节点都是经过一个或多个二色变换从Cr变来的.Heawood反例图有37个四着色树.其中有35个偶四色树(包括24个是仅有根结点的退化型四色树),2个奇四色树.偶四着色总计112,奇四着色总计144,全部四着色总共256个.这些结果都是用Maple编程得到的.     

基于kn连接关系的图的着色问题与"折叠法"

引入了一类基于连接关系的图,并结合“折叠法”对该类图的着色问题与四色猜想进行了研究,给出了四色猜想的一个必要条件和一个等价命题的证明．最后提出了相关的猜想．     

平图的四着色与对偶图的H圈

阐明了平图中的H圈与对偶图顶点四着色的依存关系.提出了平图的顶点四着色和对偶图顶点四着色的具体步骤.介绍了多面体平图的H圈分解与对偶图顶点四着色,以及对偶图的H圈分解与平图的顶点四着色.讨论了平图及对偶图的H圈的个数,森林Fi的个数及顶点四着色方案数.     

平面三次图哈米尔顿性的一个充要条件

本文证明平面三次图Dg有哈米尔顿圈的充分必要条件是与之对偶的极大平面图g有树树型四着色．即Dg的对偶极大平面图g有四着色C，该四着色的某组对偶二色子图Gk的两个分支都是树．据此得到求出图Dg全部哈米尔顿圈的算法，该方法已经成功处理了批量例图．     

乘积图与正则图的满着色

图G=(V，E)的一个正常着色就是将G的顶点划分为独立集，或称之为色类，记为П=|V1，V2，…VK|．对于任一色类Vi中的点v，如果它与其余色类中至少一个点相邻，则”被称为是满色的．如果在一个正常着色中，所有点都是满色的，则称这样的着色是满着色．如果一个图存在满着色，定义图的满着色数为使得图存在满着色的最小颜色数，记为xf(G)．另外，记f(G)为使图存在满着色的最大颜色数．在这篇文章中，我们研究了一些乘积图的满着色，得出一些关于正则图的满着色的结果．     

四色着色的“简化降阶法”

依靠邻接矩阵进行"降阶",分层次地移去3度点和4度点,再借助拓扑结构图进行"升阶、着色",且不加入任何"添加边"而得到平面图的四色着色方案,由此形成平面图着色的"简化降阶法".利用"简化降阶法"对一个一定拓扑结构的12阶最大平面图G_(M12)进行着色,得到G_(M12)的四色着色方案;以同样的方法对一个一定拓扑结构的25阶最大平面图G_(M25)进行着色,得到了G_(M25)的四色着色方案.这两个例子均显示,"简化降阶法"是合理、有效、简便的.     

基于闭环DNA的边着色问题DNA算法

提出一种新的DNA计算模型——闭环DNA计算模型。引进了批删除实验。讨论了其实现过程；提出并证明了边着色问题的基本定理，设计并实现了闭环DNA计算算法．该算法将边的DNA编码分为两部分，一部分存储边和色位置的二维数据，另一部分存储色号值；在DNA计算的主体部分用批删除实验得到全部正常的边着色，并通过电泳实验和检测实验获得χ′^-正常边着色．举例说明了算法的有效性和可行性．     

平面图正常4—着色数的一个计算公式

四色定理等价于任何准极大平面图（near-triangulation）至少有一个正常4－着色。给出了对任意给定的准极大平面图都能准确求出其正常4－着色数的计算公式,该公式的复杂性揭示了四色定理本身所蕴涵的难度。为研究四色定理提供了一条与以往不同的途径。     

超图的同态和着色

目的给出了超图同态及分数着色的定义,推广了Chris Godsil等人关于图的着色的一些结论（Chris Godsil,Gordon Royle．Algebraic Graph Theory．北京：世界图书出版公司,2004．）。方法利用代数方法研究超图的着色问题。结果利用超图的同态对图论中的经典问题一超图的着色进行了研究,得到了超图的色数及分数色数的一些结论。结论利用代数方法研究超图的着色问题具有重要的理论意义。．     

图的k-顶点着色与k-边着色的Groebner基求解

利用Groebner基方法给出了任意有限图的尼一顶点着色与k-边着色的求解方案,从而求得图的后．顶点着色方案和顶点色数,k-边着色方案和边色数．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with